Pane zvakawanda zvakasiyana siyana uye zvinokonzera kurasikirwa kwekunzwa. Nenzira yakawanda, kurasikirwa kwekunzwa kunongororwa nezvikamu zvitatu zvakasiyana zvichienderana nenzvimbo yenzeve kana yekuongorora maitiro akaparara.
Kunzwa Kunzwa Kurasikirwa
Kurasikirwa kwekunzwa kunokonzerwa nechinetso chemagetsi mumugwagwa kubva paruzha mumhepo kusvika kune nzeve dzomukati. Zvinogona kuva dambudziko nemumwe wemapoka matatu maduku pamwe chete anonzi ossicles (stapes, malleus, uye incus), kana zvimwe zvikamu zve nzeve izvo zvinokundikana kuita mutinho kune chechlea .
Dzimwe nguva nzeve inonzwa haikwanise kudedera inzwi zvakanaka. Kurasikirwa kwekunzwa kunogonawo kuva mugumisiro wehutachiona munzeve, kuberekwa kwepenital , mutumbi wekunze wakanamirwa munzeve, kana kunyange kunyanya kuterera nzeve . Kurasikirwa kwekunzwa kunowanzoshandurwa.
Sensorineural Kunzwa Kurasikirwa
Sensorineural kurasikirwa kwekunzwa kunoitika apo inzeve yomukati , cochlea kana kuti nhungete yekuongorora haisi kushanda zvakanaka. Inogonawo kukonzerwa apo bvudzi duku-rakafanana nemakumbo mukati memuteve anonzi cilia, izvo zvinowanzoshanda kutumira inzwi kuburikidza nenzeve, zvakakuvara. Iko rudzi rwekunzwa kurasikirwa kunowanzokonzerwa nekuparara kwemishonga, kukuvadzwa kwekuberekwa , kana kuti zvizvarwa zvezvizvarwa. Zvishoma nezvishoma rudzi urwu rwekurasikirwa kwekunzwa kunogona kukonzerwa nemakumbo, kunyanya kutaridzika mhere-mhere, kukuvadzwa kwepamusoro, kana mamwe marudzi ekutambudzika. Sensorineural kurasikirwa kwekunzwa haigoni kururamiswa.
Mixed Hearing Loss
Kurasikirwa kwekunzwa kutinhira izwi rinoshandiswa kurondedzera kurasikirwa kwekunzwa kunokonzerwa nekubatanidzwa kwezvinhu zvose zvinokonzera uye inorineural kunzwa kurasikirwa.
Zviratidzo nezviratidzo zvekunzwa kurasikirwa
- Kukurukurirana kunowedzera kuoma kunzwisisa, kunyanya kana kune ruzha rwenzira.
- Kuoma kunzwisisa kunzwisisa pa terevhizheni.
- Inokundikana kupindura zita.
- Anowanzobvunza kuti kukurukurirana kudzoke.
- Tinnitus, rwiyo rwekunyorera nguva dzose mune imwe kana nzeve mbiri.
- Kunyange zvazvo mitinhimira yakawanda inogona kutumidzwa, vamwe vanoita sevanokurudzira uye vanogona kugumbura.
Mibvunzo Yako Chiremba Anogona Kubvunza
- Iwe une mhuri yehupfumi kana kunzwa kurasikirwa here?
- Iwe unonetseka here kunzwisisa nhaurirano?
- Nhengo dzemhuri dzinonyunyuta here kuti iwe unoramba uchitaura pamusoro peTV.
- Iwe unenge uchingoridza nguva dzose here kana kuputira munzeve?
- Wakambove wakambosangana nemanzwi makuru kumabasa kana kuvaraidzo here?
- Iwe une nhoroondo yehutachiona hutachiona here?
Kuongorora Kunzwa Kurasika
Kurasikirwa kwekunzwa kutadza kunowanzoongororwa uye kunyange kutarisirwa nechiremba weET . Dzimwe nguva mutori wenyanzvi, nyanzvi mukuongorora nekurapa kurasikirwa kwekunzwa, inotarisirwa, kunyanya kana iri iyo inorineural kana yakavhenganiswa kurasikirwa kwekunzwa.
Chiremba wako achaendesa kuongorora kwepanyama achitanga nemayero maviri achishandura kubhadhara kuti aone kuti chii chinokanganisa (conductive versus sensorineural). Chiremba achaonawo chiso chenzeve uye kunze kwekunzwa nzeve uye nzeve inzwi (inonziwo tympanic membrane ), achishandisa otoscope . Achave achitsvaka kunyanya kunzwa nzeve , miviri yedzimwe nyika iyo inogona kuvharirwa mukati mezeve, utachiona, uye chero kukanganisa kumateve ekuteerera.
Munhu anotaura nezvemutauro anogona kuita mhinduro yekutinhira.
Pamuedzo uyu, murwere anowanzoiswa muimba yekunzwika yakanyarara kuti ave nechokwadi chokuti ruzha rwemashure harwupindirani nechiyero. Bhuku reheadphones richabudisa mavara akasiyana-siyana mumitauro yakasiyana uye yakawanda. Izvi zvinobatsira kuziva kuti ndezvipi zviratidzo zvakawanda uye mararamiro ayo murwere anokwanisa kunzwa akanakisisa. Chimwe chikamu chemuedzo uyu chinosanganisira chiridzwa chinonzi bone conductor. Ifupa rinotakura pfupa inoshandiswa iyo iyo yakaiswa shure kwezeve inotumira inzwi nekuderedza mapfupa ehutu. Iko pfupa rinobatsira mukubatsira mutori wenyanzvi kuti aone kuti kurasikirwa kwekunzwa kupi kwaunako.
Hurukuro dzekutaura dzinogonawo kuitwa mumutambo wakanyarara. Izwi revanhu vanowanzosiya mukamuri uye mutsara wemashoko inowanikwa pane imwe kadhi yekurekodha. Iwe uchakumbirwa kudzokorora mazwi. Mashoko akasiyana achaberekwa pamhando dzakasiyana uye yakawanda.
Kuti uedze hutano hwepakati basa, kuongorora kwekusaziva kwakashandiswa. Izwi romuedzo ruchadzokororwazve zvakare apo tsvakurudzo yakaiswa munzeve ichasimudza uye inoderedza kuwanda kwekumanikidzwa mukati memateve.
Dzimwe nguva migumisiro yechiratidzo iyi inoratidzirwa pazwi . Izwi rinotarisa rinoratidza chiyero chekunzwa kurasikirwa munzeve imwe neimwe.
Kurapa Kunzwa Kurasika
Kurapa kwekutapudzwa kwekunzwa kunzwa kunosanganisira kuwana mudzi wechinetso. Semuenzaniso, kana kune imwe nyika kunze kana yakawanda yeax munzeve, inofanira kubviswa neunyanzvi. Kusvibiswa munzeve kunogona kurapwa nemishonga kana dzimwe nguva kunopisa. Kana mamwe mapfupa ari munzeve akaputsika, anokwanisa kugadziriswa.
Hakuchina mushonga wekunzwa kurasikirwa kwekunzwa asi zvidzidzo zvakawanda zvinovimbiswa zviri kuitwa. Kunzwa rubatsiro kunobatsira pakurapwa kwekunzwa kwekunzwa kwekunzwa. Inzwi rekunzwa kushandisa microphone, amplifier uye mukurukuri kuti awedzere inzwi uye anonyanya kubatsira vanhu vakaderera kunzwa, kwete avo matsi. Kune maitiro akawanda akasiyana-siyana ekubatsira kunzwa kusanganisira zvipfeko zvinoputika shure kwezeve, munzeve, uye munzeve yekunzwa . Kunzwa rubatsiro kunouyawo mune digital uye analogog. Kunyange zvakadaro, vashomanana chete muzana yevanhu vanogona kubatsirwa nokunzwa rubatsiro chaizvoizvo vanovashandisa. Vanhu vazhinji vanotya kuti manzwiro ekuteerera achaita sei kuti vaone uye kushorwa kunobatanidza nemapurisa aya.
Vanhu vane matsi kana vane kurasikirwa kukuru kwekunzwa dzimwe nguva vanogona kurapwa nemushonga wechinyoro. Kushanda kwechishandiswa ipukisi yekombiyuta inofamba mushure mezeve (iyo yekunze chikamu) uye ine imwewo chikamu chinoputirwa pasi peganda (mukati mukati). Cochlear implants haiti kudzorera kunzwa kwakakwana uye inopesana pakati pematsi matsi. Chigadzirwa chacho chinokanganisa zvikamu zvezeve uye chinoshanda zvakananga kuti chikurudzire mitsetse yekuongorora. Mutsara wokuongorora unotumira chiratidzo chinoshandurwa neuropi sechinzwika. Zvinotora nguva nekudzidzira kudzidza kuti unonzwa sei nekwakapisa kwechinyorwa.
Kudzivirira Kunzwa Kurasika
Zvinyorwa zvinoratidza kuti kurasikirwa kwekunzwa pakati pevechidiki kuri kuwedzera. Izvi zvinonyanya kukonzerwa nokushandiswa kwevamwe mimhanzi mimhanzi uye kusvikidzika kumanzwi makuru kumabasa kana kuzvivaraidza. Nyanzvi dzinokurudzira kugadzirisa ivhu pasi uye kuderedza kujekesa. Mamwe mishonga, yakadai semishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya gentamycin, inobatanidzwa nekunzwa kurasikirwa. Zvimwe zvinhu, zvakadai sekugara nhaka yekunzwa, hazvigone kudziviswa.
Kuwanda kwekunzwa kurasikirwa
Muna 2006, CDC inofungidzira kuti vanhu vane mamiriyoni makumi matatu nemakumi matatu vakave nehuwandu hwekurasikirwa kwekunzwa. Vatatu mu1000 vana vanoberekerwa muUnited States vanonzwa kurasikirwa.
Kunyangwe kunzwa kurasikirwa kunoratidzika kunge kuri kuwedzera, zvichida nekuda kwekuwedzera kweupenyu kana zvimwe zvinhu zvikombiyuta zvirikurumidza kukurumidza kubatsira vanhu vane kurasikirwa kwekunzwa. Nzira yekudzidzisa vana kutumira mutauro yakabatsirawo matsi kuti vanhu vakawanda vekuAmerica vari kudzidza mutauro uyu. Masangano akadai seAmerican-Speech-Hearing-Language Association uye National Institute on Deafness nezvimwe Zvinetso Zvokukurukura zvinopa ruzivo rwakakosha uye rubatsiro kuvanhu.
> Sources:
> American Speech-Learning-Hearing Association. Kunzwa Kuongorora. http://www.asha.org/public/hearing/testing/assess.htm
> American Speech-Learning-Hearing Association. Tora, Degree, uye Kugadzirisa Kunzwa Kurasikirwa. http://www.asha.org/public/hearing/disorders/types.htm
> Centres for Disease Control and Prevention. Kunzwa Kurasika muvana http://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/hearingloss/facts.html
> Hearing Center Online.com. Kunzwisisa Kunzwa Kwenyu Kuedzwa. A. http://www.hearingcenteronline.com/test.shtml
> Medline Plus. Kunzwa Kurasikirwa. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/article/003044.htm
> National Institute on Deafness uye Zvimwe Zvinetso Zvokutaurirana. Cochlear Implants. http://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/hearing/coch.asp
> National Institute on Deafness uye Zvimwe Zvinetso Zvokutaurirana. Kunzwa Rubatsiro. http://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/hearing/hearingaid.asp
> MedStar Washington Hospital Centre. Kunzwa Kurasikirwa. . http://www.medstarwashington.org/our-services/ear-nose-throat/conditions/ear-and-balance-disorders/hearing-loss/#q= {}