Myotomes, Spinal Nerve Roots uye Dermatomes

Sezvakaita dermatome, myotome inzvimbo mumuviri inoshandiswa nemumwe musana wemutsipa midzi. Musiyano ndeyekuti dermatome inzvimbo iyo maitiro emanzwiro anofamba munzira yavo kudzokera kunheyo yenheyo yehurongwa ane ruzivo pamusoro pezvinhu zvaunonzwa - kupisa, kurwadziwa, itches, nzvimbo yemuviri wako, kutambanudzwa kwemisungo yako, uye nezvimwe. Myotomes, kune rumwe rutivi, pane nzvimbo apo motokari dzinofamba dzichifamba sezvazvinenge dzichizadzisa mitoro yako yekuisa mitsipa yako kuti iite chibvumirano.

Zvese maotomes uye dermatomes "zvakarongeka," izvo zvinopa vanachiremba uye mafiropiti ane tsanangudzo yekutsvaga-kubva pane kuongorora uye kuedza - mutsara chaiwo (s) kana yemaspinal core level (s) angangodaro akanganisa uye / kana zvichiita zviratidzo.

Myotomes uye dermatomes ndeimwe chikamu chekutenda (voluntary) nervous system, icho chikamu chetachiona chendaneti. Icho chinoperera uye nheyo dzenheyo dzinotaurirana nguva nenguva.

Misungo Nemisungo, Oh My!

Misi yese musero mumuviri wako inoda rubatsiro kubva mumutsipa kuitira kuti urambe uine utano hwakanaka. Pasina kunyanya kukurukurirana pakati pemishonga uye musuru (chimwe chinhu chinonzi toni inobatsira zvikuru kuchengeta manotsi ako akasimba), tsvina inotanga kuora.

Kukurukurirana uku kunoitika panzvimbo inonyanya kukosha mumusero fiber cell inonzi motor motorplate. Nhengo yesimbi, pamwe chete nechokudzivirira chinonzi inozivikanwa sechinhu chinonzi neuromuscular junction.

Imwe tsinga yesero inoshandiswa inoshandura maitiro mashoma emasumbu. Izvi zvinonzi motori unit. Yese fiber iyo iri chikamu chemotokari zvigadzirisiti (inoshanda) apo mutsara wayo unobviswa. Izvo zvose kana pasina chinangwa. Kuti udzivirire musuru uye mutsara "kupisa," motokari dzinoshandura kupisa.

Zvose izvi zviri kuitika pahuwandu hukuru, funga iwe, asi zvichienderana nehukuru hwemisumbu nemabasa ayo, musero wesimbi unogona kusinganzwisisiki sevashoma se 6-10 masero masero (funga minwe inotamba piyano, gadzira miriwo, kusvina , nyora, kana misipa yakakomberedza ziso iyo inobatsira kuisa pfungwa, kumira pamisodzi, kuchengetedza iwe mumugwagwa uye nezvimwe.) kune mazana (funga pakati pemashure uye musimba, uko kushamwaridzana kwakanaka kusina kukosha.)

Imwe nzira yekunzwisisa motokari mairi inobva kune maonero emusara. Tsvina yakawanda yakawanda ine mvere dzisingagoni kuverengwa dzemotokari.

Myotomes - A Global Nerve-Muscle Perspective

Iye zvino zvaunoziva kuti motokari yiripi-kunzwisisa chirwere chinotyisa ndeye nyaya yekuona zvinhu kubva kune dzimwe nyika.

A myotome iboka remasumbu kune rumwe rutivi rwomuviri runochengetedzwa nemumwe musana wemagunha.

Vanachiremba vanoshandisa ruzivo rwavo pamusoro pekugara kweiyo myotomes (uye dermatomes ) panguva yekuongorora mumuviri. Kuti uone ruzivo rwomukaka (s) rwomukati rwupi runogona kuderedza utera hwemutsipa, hunoita masvomhu ekugadzirisa masvomeri maererano nemapu inonzi myotome.

Pasi pechikamu ichi pane chati inopa mazita emitsipa uye chiito chavanoshandisa kuburikidza nevasina hanya nemasaisai ane simba, kureva, mapu.

Ndisati ndakuzivisa izvozvi, regai nditaure chete kuti iyo myotome yekudzidzira nzira inogona kuve yakashata. Mune mamwe mazwi, kunyange zvazvo myotomes (pamwe chete nedermatomes) dzave "dzakarongedzwa," mune zvinobudirira, nzvimbo yacho haisi nguva dzose yakajeka-yakatemwa uye yakasiyana. Iko kunowanzopindirana, apo nerve inenge isingagadziriswi mumasumbu mune dzimwe nzvimbo kunze kweiyo iyo inonzi "mapped".

Nhamba yemharapara (Nerve) Action Muscles
C1 & C1 Neck Flexion Rectus lateralis, Rectus capitis anterior, longus capitis, longus colli , longus cervicus, sternocleidomastoid
C3 Neck Side Side Flexion Longus capitis, longus cervicus, trapezius, scalenus medius
C4 Nharo Kurera Diaphragm, trapezius, levator scapula , scalenus anterior & medius
C5 Abbot Abduction Rhomboid main & minor, deltoid, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, biceps, scalene anterior & medius
C6 Elbow Kufungidzirwa; Wrist Extension Serratus anterior, latissiumus dorsi , subscapularis, teres makuru, pectoralis guru (clavicular musoro) biceps brachii, coracobrachialis, brachioradialis, supinator, kuparadzira carpi radialis longus, scalenus anterior, medius & posterior
C7 Elbow Extension; Kuratidzwa Kwemaoko Serratus anterior, latissiumus dorsi, pectoralis guru (sternal head), pectoralis maduku, pronator teres, flexor carpi radialis, flexor digitorum superficialis, extensor radialis longus, extensor carpial radius, extensor digitorum, extensor digiti minimi, scalenus medius & posterior
C8 Thumb extension; Ulnar Kusiyanisa Pectoralis main (sternal head), pectoralis minor, triceps, flexor digitorum profundus, flexor pollicus longus, pronator quadratus, flexor carpi ulnaris, extends pollicus longus, extends pollicus brevis, extensor indicator, abductor pollicus brevis, kupikisa pollicus, scalenus medius & posterior.
T1
T2-12 Kwete kuedzwa Mishonga inosuruvara inodzora misumbu mumatombo uye mumimba, uye haisi kuongororwa.
L1-2 Hip Flexion Psoas, Iliacus, sartorius, gracilis, pectineus, adductor longus, adductor brevis
L3 Knee Extension Quadriceps, adductor longus, magnus & brevis.
L4 Ankle Dorsiflexion Tibalis anterior, quadriceps, tensor fasciae late, adductor magnus, obturator externus, tibialis posterior
L5 Toe Extension Extensor hallucis longus, extensor digitorum longus, gluteus medius & minimus, abturator internus, semimembranosus, semitendinosus, peroneus tertius, popliteus
S1 Ankle Plantarflexion; Ankle Eversion; Hip Extension ,; Knee Flexion Gastrocnemius, soleus, gluteus maximus, obturator internus, piriformis, biceps femoris, semitendinosus, popliteus, long peroneus & brevis, extensor digitorum brevis
S2 Knee Flexion Biceps femoris, piriformis, susus, gastrocnemius, flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallucis longus, intrinsic muscle muscle (kunze kwebductor hallcuis), flexor hallucis brevis, flexor digitorum brevis, extensor digitorum brevis
S3 Kwete Myotome
S4 Anal Wink Misumbu yepasi yepadvic uye chikafu

The Myotome Dance

Kana iwe uri rudzi rwomunhu anodzidza nekuita, ndinokurudzira kuti uone imwe kana mamwe mavhidhiyo eYouTube akabatanidzwa pasi apa. Izvi zvakagadzirwa nehutano hwepanyama kubatsira chikoro chemazana emapoka (uye rimwe boka remagetsi) kubva kumativi enyika. Nemhaka yokuti vhidhiyo imwe neimwe ine simba uye isina simba padzidzo dzidzo, zvichida iri pfungwa yakanaka kutarisa zvose. Cherechedza: Zvizhinji zvemitambo inoitwa kumhanyiro. Ndinokurudzira kuti uende pamakumbo ako (kunyanya mutsipa wako) unogona kubata zvakanaka. Zvingangodaro, izvi zvinoreva kuenda zvishoma nezvishoma uye kuvimba kwevadzidzi.

Kwose, kunyange zvakadaro, mitambo iyi inogona kukupa pfungwa yakanaka pamusoro pezvinoitwa nemaotomes, uye nei zvichikosha.

Uye mimhanzi yakaisvonaka, zvakare.

Sources:

Barkhaus, P., MD, uye. al. EMG Kuongorora kwe Motor Motor Unit - Electrophysiologic Biopsy. Medscape webusaiti yepaiti. Kugadziriswa Kwakare: Aug 2013. Kuwana: June 2015. http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1846028-overview

Magee, David, J. Orthopedic Physical Assessment. 4th Edition. Saunders Elsevier. St. Louis, MO. 2006.