Iko kune marudzi mashomanana ehutachiona hutachiona, asi otitis media ndiyo yakawanda kwazvo. Izvo zvinoitika kana mvura yakasviba uye inoputika ichikwira mukati mezeve, zvichiita kuti nzeve inetseke. Izvi zvinowanzokonzerwa nekutonhora kana kuora mwoyo kunogona kuvhiringidza mvura, kuunza mabhakitiriya kana mavairasi, uye kunokonzera kutuka. Utachiona hutachiona hwakawanda zvikuru kuvana vaduku asi hunogona kuitika kune vanhu vakuru zvakare.
Yakawanda inogona kutorwa nyore nyore kana kuti isina antibiotics, asi nzeve yekuisa maitiro inogona kukurudzirwa kuti isarambe otitis media.
Otitis media ne effusion (OME) inowanikwa kana pane mvura inonzwika munzeve (kazhinji inotevera kutonhora) asi hapana hutachiona hunoshanda. Utachiona hwekunzwa kwekunze kunonzi otitis externa (nzeve yekushambira).
Zviratidzo
Kune vanhu vakuru nevana vakuru, chiratidzo chinonyanya kuoneka chinoratidza otitis media inorwadza. Vana vanowanzotanga fivhiri nehutachiona hwetsi, asi kwete nguva dzose. Zviratidzo izvi zvinowanzooneka mushure mekunyanganisa kana kupisa.
Vacheche nevana vaduku vanonzwa kurwadziwa asi havakwanise kuudza vabereki vavo nezvekunetseka kwavo, saka zvakakosha kutarisa zvisiri zvemashoko kuti vangave nehutachiona hwekunzwa. Izvi zvinosanganisira:
- Kufungidzira nzeve
- Kurira kupfuura kudarika
- Dambudziko rokurara
- Kuronga kubva munzeve
- Zvinetso nekuenzanisa kana kunzwa
- Kuderedza kudya mwoyo
- Unoflained fever
Utachiona hwekunzwa hausi hurumende kune vana, chero bedzi marwadzo anogona kudzorwa.
IAmerican Academy of Pediatrics inokurudzira nzira yekurapa marwadzo uye kumirira kwemazuva maviri kusvika matatu kuti uone kana ichienda, sezvinowanzoita. Iwe unofanirwa kuongorora chiremba wako pamusoro pekuti mwana anofanira kuonei. Vakuru vanofanira kudana chiremba wavo pavanonzwa kurwadziwa kwenzeve kana zvimwe zviratidzo uye voona kana vachifanira kumirira kana kupinda kuti vaongorore.
Zviratidzo zvekugara kwenguva refu yehutori zvinogona kusanganisira kurasikirwa kwekunzwa, kusingaperi kwekunzwa nzeve, nhaurirano dzehutano, kusaneta kwemaziso, hutoro hwekunzwa hukuru, musoro, fivha, kuvhiringidzika, kuneta, uye kunyura kana kuvhara shure kwekunze.
Kakawanda kunokonzera otitis media inoputika eardrum nekuda kwekumanikidzwa kweiyo yakawana mvura uye pus, uye iwe unogona kuona vertigo. Zvinetso zvakanyanya zvinosanganisira utachiona hunopararira mastoid bone ( mastoiditis ) kana dzimwe nzvimbo. Chronic-otitis media muvana inogona kutungamirira kukurasikirwa kwekunzwa uye kuora mwoyo kutaura uye mutauro.
Zvinokonzera
Kunyange zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana zvehutano zvinogona kukonzera zvimwe zviratidzo zvakafanana, zvikonzero zvavo zvakasiyana.
Kuvhara kwemukoko we eustachian unobatanidza kumashure kwehuro wako nehutsetse wako wepakati kunogadzira nzvimbo ye otitis media. Iyo tube haigoni kukonzera nzeve yepakati kana wakawedzera kuvhuvhuta, kukonzera, kana kupindirana kazhinji kunowanzoitika nepamusoro kupemha chirwere kana allergenic rhinitis. Mabhakitiriya kana mavairusi anogona kuwedzera mukati mezeve uye kuita kuti hutachiona hutachiona .
Vana vari pakati pemakore matanhatu nemakore maviri vari pangozi yakakura nokuti eustachian tubes avo havakwanise kukonzera mvura mukati mezeve yomukati uye ivo vanowanzosvikirwa nepamusoro yezvirwere zvekufemerwa nekuda kwekudzivirira maitiro ekudzivirira zvirwere.
Vacheche vasina kuve vanyoroveswa kwemwedzi miviri yekutanga yehupenyu, uyo anodya bhodhoro paanenge akarara, kana kushandisa pacifier kudarika mwedzi 6 mwedzi zvakare kune ngozi yakawanda yehutachiona hwekunzwa.
Kusvuta uye kuvharwa kwechipiri-kusvuta utsi kunowedzera ngozi. Zvimwe zvinokonzera njodzi zvinosanganisira cleft palate nezvimwe zvinetso zveganiofacial , adenoids yakawedzerwa, nasal polyps , uye zvirwere zvemucosal zvakadai se sinusitis.
Chronic otitis media (COM) inoratidza kuti mvura inowanikwa iri pakati nepakati kwemavhiki matanhatu kana kupfuura. Ndizvo zvinowanzoitika mumakore mazhinji pakati pevanhu vanowanzotambudzika nenhamo.
OME inogonawo kuitika kana iwe uchiburuka nechando kana musurupa uye chirwere ichi chinowedzera mukati mezeve nekuda kwekudzimba, asi hapana chirwere chinoshanda. Iyo inonaya inowanzoenda iga yoga mukati memavhiki mana kusvika matanhatu. Inowanzoitika kakawanda muvana pakati pemakore matanhatu nemakore matatu. Vakomana vakawanda vanopesana kupfuura vasikana.
Nzeve ye Swimmer (otitis externa) yakasiyana nehutitis media mukuti mabhakitiriya anowedzera mumvura yakabatwa mumugero wekunze wenzeve. Kushambira, zvakangoitika, ndeye ngozi yakawanda, asi kuisa minwe kana kuti cotton swabs munzeve kunogona kubatsirawo kune izvi.
Kuziva
Kurongeka kwakakwana kwehutachiona hutano kunoshanya kushanyira mutarisiri wako wehutano. Iye achashandisa nhumbi chaiyo (otoscope) kutarisa mukati mezeve kuti aone kuti rudzi rwehutachiona rwehutori runogona kuvapo. Kufungidzira kazhinji hazvidiwi. Zvisinei, kana uine hutachiona hutachire hwepakati, CT scan kana MRI inogona kuitwa kuti iongorore kusagadzikana kwemaitiro kana kuti mapfupa.
Kurapa
Utachiona huzhinji huri pakati hutachiona hunozviratidza huri shure kwemazuva mashoma. Chiremba wako anogona kukupa zano rokuti kana kutarisa nekumirira kana kurapa kunorudzirwa.
Over-the-counter ibuprofen kana acetaminophen inogona kushandiswa pakurwadza nzeve. Kamwe kana chiremba achiita kuongororwa kwehutachiona hwehutu, ma antibiotic acharongedzerwa maererano nemirayiridzo inobva pazera uye mamwe maitiro. Amoxicillin ndiro chisarudzo chekutanga-chekutanga nokuti inosanganisira bhasika yakajairika. Mamwe maantibayoti anoshandiswa kana uri weergoric penicillin. Nzeve inodonha nehutachiona hwehutachiona hunogona kunyorwawo kuti ibatsire nenhamo yekunzwa.
Kana mwana wako ane chirwere chisingaperi chine utachiona, chiremba wako angakurudzira kuti ane michina miduku yakaiswa munzeve dzake kubatsira kubvisa mvura inoshandiswa inovaka. Kunyange zvazvo iri iri nzira yakajairika uye isina kujeka, kune zvipingamupinyi zvinosanganiswa nemhando ipi zvayo yekuvhiya kana anesthesia uye chisarudzo chinofanira kuva chimwe chinonyatsoongororwa nevabereki vose uye chiremba.
Kutarisira uye Kukunda
Kurwisana nehutachiona hwehutende kunogona kukanganisa, zvingave zvako kana mwana wako. Kana mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya inorayirwa, zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti iwe hauzooni mutsauko chero ipi zvayo muzviratidzo zvemaawa masere kusvika ma48. Izvi zvinoreva kuti pane inogona kunge iine fivhiri uye kurwadziwa kwekunzwa kwenguva panguva iyoyo. Mwana angaramba achiita zvekuita uye ane dambudziko rokurara. Shandisa marwadzo ekudzosa kana zvichidiwa uye sezvinorayirwa; iwe unogonawo kuedza kushandisa shati inodziya kana yakasvibira kune nzeve yakagadzirirwa.
Zvipingamupinyi zvakadai semavhidhiyo, mabhuku, nemitambo zvinogona kutora pfungwa dzevana kure nemarwadzo uye kusagadzikana. Kana wakapedza nguva yakareba uine mwana akangwara, bvunza rubatsiro kuitira kuti iwe unogona kutora nguva.
Izvo zvakare zvakakosha kutora zvose zvinorayirwa mishonga. Kusina kupedza maantibioti anoregererwa kunogona kutungamirira kune mabhakitiriya akawanda asingagadziri uye kuita kuti utachiona hurambe huripo.
Shoko Rinobva
Utachiona hutachiona humwe hutano hwehuduku. Taura nemutarisiri wako wehutano pamusoro pezvaunofanira kuita kana ukaona zviratidzo mumwana wako. Nokuti iwe nemwana wako, chengetedza kutsvaga utsi hwechipiri kana kurega kusvuta. Iva nechokwadi chekutora matanho ekudzivirira kutonhora uye furuza, kusanganisira kuwana zvirongwa zvinorayirwa uye gore rinoputira ffu.
Sources:
> Inzwa Matambudziko. MedlinePlus. https://medlineplus.gov/earinfections.html.
> Lieberthal A, Carroll A, Chonmaitree T, et al. Kurapa uye Kutungamirirwa kweAacute Otitis Media. Pediatrics 2013; 131 (3): e964-99.
> Limb CJ, Lustig LR, Klein JO. Acute Otitis Media muAdults (Suppurative uye Serous). Kusvika pari zvino. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/acute-otitis-media-in-adults.
> Middle Ear Infections. American Academy of Pediatrics. https://www.healthychildren.org/English/health-issues/conditions/ear-nose-throat/Pages/Middle-Ear-Infections.aspx.