Manyepo pamusoro peKuchengeta Zvokudya neMunyu
Kuchengeta zvokudya nemunyu inzira yekare yevanhu inotangira kare zvinyorwa zvakanyorwa. Nguruve dzakasvibirira, pickles, uye salmon inopfungaira ndeye mienzaniso yezvokudya zvinowanzochengetedzwa uchishandisa munyu. Asi mishonga yakakangwa yakagadzikana here kudya? Ko munyu sekuchengetedza kunoenzanisa sei nedzimwe nzira dzekuchengetedza kwekudya?
Munyu Sekuchengeteka
Munyu wakashandiswa sekuchengetedza kwemakore, uye unoshanda kuchengetedza zvokudya nenzira mbiri:
- Munyu unodya zvokudya. Munyu unobvisa mvura kunze kwezvokudya uye unosvibisa iyo. Zvose zvipenyu zvinoda mvura uye hazvikwanisi kukura pakushaikwa kwemvura, kusanganisira mabhakitiriya anogona kukonzera kudya chepfu. Munyu unoshandiswa kuchengetedza nyama yehupenyu nekuiisa yakaoma, uye inodzivirira bhotela kubva pakuparadza nekubudisa mvura kunze, kusiya mafuta chete.
- Munyu unouraya microbes. Nyoro munyu ine chepfu kune vazhinji (kwete ose) michiyosi nokuda kwechiitiko che osmolarity, kana mvura inomanikidza. Mvura inoparadzanisa pakati pemasero ari munharaunda kuitira kuti kuiswa kwezvinyorwa (zvakadai semunyu) zvakafanana pamativi ose maviri esero. Mune mishonga yakanyanya munyu, mishonga yakawanda inoputika nekuda kwekusiyana kwekumanikidzwa pakati pekunze uye mukati memuviri. High salt inogonawo kuva inotyisa kune michina mukati memakiromita, iyo inokonzera DNA uye enzymes. Zvigadziriswe zvepamusoro mune shuga zvinewo zvakakonzerwa nemakiromita, ndicho chikonzero inoshandiswa sekuchengetedza zvekudya zvakadai semamanzi nemafuta.
Zvisiri izvo pamusoro peMunyu kuchengetedzwa
Vanhu vazhinji vanotenda kuti zvikafu zve salti zvakanyanya kukurira kuhutachiona hwekukura. Somugumisiro, ivo vanonyanya kuda kudya zvokudya zvinoshungurudza kana vane munyu wakapetwa munyu.
Heanoi chokwadi. Mazhinji mabhakitiriya, kunze kwehalophiles (mabhakiteriya ane rudo munyu), haagoni kukura mumamiriro ezvinhu umo mucherechedzo wemunyu unopfuura 10 muzana.
Mhomho inogona kumirisana kunyange yakakwirira yemunyu. Kuti uwane 10 muzana munyu, iwe unoda kuputsa 180 g munyu muna 1800 g mvura, iyo inenge yakaenzana ney 1 mukombe wemunyu inoputika mune makapu 7.5 emvura.
Inyu sei ine 10 muzana yemunyu? Wakambotadza here kumedza mvura paunenge uchidonha mumvura? Mvura yegungwa ine 3.5 muzana munyu. Fungidzira uchimwa mvura yegungwa iyo katatu saltier.
Ndezvipi Zvokudya Zvakave Zvakawanda Munyu (> 10 Pfumbamwe) Kurega Bhakitiriya Kukura?
Heino mhando yezvokudya izvo vanhu vazhinji vaizofunga kuti "salty." Iroji yemuyu inorongwa nekuparadzanisa chiyero chakazara chekudya kuburikidza nehuwandu hwemunyu.
- 1 kushumira McDonald's French fries (midzi): 266 mg / 117 g = 0.2 muzana munyu
- 1 kushumira Doritos, Nacho Cheese inonaka: 310 mg / 50 g = 0.6 muzana munyu
- 1 kushumira chikwata chaKampbell chekudya (chigodzwa): 890 mg / 126 g = 0.7 muzana munyu
- 1 kushumira muHormel Spam: 767 mg / 56 g = 1.4 muzana munyu
Cherechedza kuti hapana imwe yeiyi inenge iri pedo ne 10 muzana yemunyu cutoff yekudzivirira kubhakitiriya kukura. Nenzira yekudya yakachengetedzwa-munyu wakaomeswa, yakadai semombe yejerky, kana kuti inoda refrigeration mushure mekuzarura, zvakadai semakucheka kana ham inoporesa.
Zvakadini neBrines uye Condiments?
Mafuta uye madidii anozivikanwa kuti ane munyu wakawanda, asi vanowana 10 muzana yemunyu inoda kuvhara kubhakitiriya kukura here?
- 1 paket ketchup: 67 mg / 6 g = 1.1 muzana munyu
- 1 pakiti yemasitadhi: 57 mg / 5 g = 1.1 muzana munyu
- 1 packet soy sauce: 493 mg / 8 g = 6.1 muzana munyu
- Poultry brine: 180,000 mg / 7560 g = 2.3 muzana munyu
Saka, kunyange soy mucu hauna munyu wakakwana kuti kudzivirira kubhakitiriya kukura. Sei zvingave zvichengetedzwa zvisina kufanira? Sezvo soy sauce isina zvimwe zvidikanwi zvinokosha zvakakosha pakukura kwehutachiona, zvakadai semaprotiniti kana makhahydrates, pane ngozi shoma yekuisiya kunze kwekamba yako.
Zvakadini neTsika-Salt-Preserved Foods?
Kusvika ikozvino, zvokudya zvatinoronga zvinozivikanwa kuva munyu, asi hazviwanzo zvokudya zvatinotarisa munyu kuti ndicho chikonzero chikafu chinogona kudyiwa zvakachengeteka.
Zvakadini nezvezvokudya zvinowanzofungidzirwa sezvokudya-munyu zvakachengetedzwa?
- 1 dill pickle: 1181 mg / 135 g = 0.9 muzana munyu
- 1 chikafu chinokambaira: 443 mg / 20 g = 2.2 muzana munyu
- 1 kushumira ham: 1.2 muzana munyu
Kunyangwe tsika dzekuchengetedzwa kwemunyu hazviwanikidzana ne 10 muzana yemunyu inoda kuvhara ma microbial kukura. Asi zvimwe zvikamu pamusoro pezvikafu izvi, zvakadai sekushaya mvura (nyama yehupenyu jerky) kana kuwedzerwa kwe acid (pickles) kana kuchengetedza (ham), kubatsira kudzivirira kuparadza. Mukuwedzera, zvokudya zvakawanda zvakachengetedzwa nemunyu zvinoda frijiro mushure mokuzarura kuitira kuti zvishoma nezvishoma zvipembenene zvishoma.
Ko Higher Salt Levels Anodzivirira Spoilage Zviri nani Kupfuura Mazinga Emunyu Anowedzera Here?
Nokuda kwezvokudya zvakawanda zvinodyiwa, mhinduro yacho kwete, yakanyanya kunyanya kuiswa mumunyu haibatsiri kuchengetedza zvokudya zvako patsva kunze kwekuti iwe unoda kuisa pangozi kuwedzerwa chepfu . Zvizhinji zvekudya zvinorongwa pamusoro apa zvine munyu wemiori pasi pe2 peresenti (kunze kwe soy sauce).
Higher Salt May Zvechokwadi Kubatsira Bhakteriya Kukura
Waiziva here kuti mabhakitiriya anokura zvakanakisisa mumamiriro e saltier pane zvokudya zvakawanda zvatinodya? Sayenzi mabhandi apo mabhakitiriya anowanzosimudzirwa kuongororwa shandisa sarudzo inonzi "LB," kana Luria Broth, kuitira kukura zvakakwana kwebhakitiriya. Chii chakasanganiswa munyu waLB? Iyo inenge 1 muzana, kana inenge iine saltiness yemadillle.
Munyu Inowanikwa ndeye Public Health Problem
Kunyangwe dai munyu waiva wakachengetedza zvakanaka, ingadai iri pfungwa yakanaka here? Zvinofungidzirwa kuti munyu wechirongwa wekuMadokero kudya kunoita kuti uwane hutano husina kunaka, kusanganisira chirwere chepfungwa. Kubva pane chirwere chepfungwa, kuzviraramisa, kurwisa osteoporosis, dzidza kuti sei iwe ungada kurasa munyu kuti ugare kwenguva refu.
Munyu weChitsauko ichi
Ikoko kunoratidzika kuva nehuwandu humwe uchapupu hwokuti zviyo zve salty hazvirevi zvinyorwa zvekudya zvinoratidza. Izvozvo zvakati, ani naani anobvunza mibvunzo iyi uye kudzidza nezvekuchengetedza kwekudya ndiye mutengi akachenjera kwazvo. Zvokudya zvine chepfu zvinowanzoitika. Muzvokwadi, inenge 75 muzana ye "chirwere chemudumbu" muUnited States chiri chaicho chekudya chepfu.
Kunyange zvazvo munyu isiri iyo mhinduro, kune zvinhu zvakawanda zvaungaita kuti kuchengeta zvokudya zvako zvive zvakachengeteka. Chokutanga pane zvose, ita tsika yakanaka yekuchengetedza kikani . Usamboshandisa imwechete yekucheka bhodhi yemhuka yakasvibirira nemiriwo kana michero. Tenga zvokudya zvakanaka nguva isati yapera. Kunyangwe kana chikafu chisati chapera, kana kunhuwa kwacho kuchikanganisika, chirasire kunze. Gara uchikwanisa kusvika kune dzimwe nhau kuti uzonzwa nezvekudya kupi zvako kunopisa. Dzivisa mukaka usingagadziriswa kuti uderedze njodzi yako yehutachiona hwehutachiona .
Zvokudya zveFrijire nokukurumidza mushure mekudya nekushandisa kuchengetedza zvokudya zvakachengeteka. Itai zvokudya zvinopisa zvakakwana paunodzorerazve. Zvakakosha kucherechedza kuti kunyange kudzokazve dzimwe nguva kunogona kutungamirira kune chekudya chekudya. Mamwe mabhakitiriya, akadai seStaph, anogadzira chepfu. Kunyange zvazvo mabhakitiriya akaurayiwa mukudzoka, izvo zvinokonzera kupisa zvakasimba uye zvinoramba zvichidaro. Pakupedzisira, dzidza kuziva zviratidzo nezviratidzo zvekudya zvekudya uye kutaura nachiremba wako kana iwe usiri kunzwa zvakanaka.
> Sources
- > Kramer, H. Hemapembudzi Dzeve uye Westernozation uye Industrialization Food. American Journal of Kidney Disease . 2017 Jan 23. (Epub mberi kwekudhinda).
- > Kumar, Vinay, Abul K. Abbas, uye Jon C. Aster. Robbins uye Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease. Philadelphia: Elsevier-Saunders, 2015. Print.
- > Parish, M. Munyu uye Shuga Kudzivirira Sei Microbial Spoilage? Scientific American . 2009.