Iko kune marudzi matatu ematoni-ma-tonei tonsils, kana adenoids, ari kumashure kwemhino; iyo michina yemapapiro, iyo iri kumashure kwehuro mako uye zvichida iwe unofunga nezvei paunonzwa izwi rokuti "toni"; uye mimwe mitauro, iri pasi peirimi. Pazvikamu zvitatu zvematafura, mazamu ane maronda ndiwo anowanzova akaipa (kanzira).
Kune mhando mbiri dzekenza dzinobata matononi: squamous cell carcinoma uye lymphoma. Chete yemukenza inofungidzirwa sechimiro che oropharyngeal (muromo) kenza.
Zviratidzo zveToneil Cancer
Iwe uchacherechedza kuti zvimwe zviratidzo zvemuviri wekenza zvakafanana zvikuru nezviratidzo zve strep throat . Zvisinei, strep throat ndiyo inowanzoonekwa kuvanhu vane makore mashanu kusvika kune gumi nemashanu, nepo kanhi kenza kanowanzobata vanhu vanopfuura makore makumi mashanu.
- Zvironda mumusana wemuromo kana kuti puroti isingaporese
- Dzorera toni dzisingakoshi muhukuru (imwe inonyanya kukura kupfuura imwe)
- Muromo wemarwadzo asiri kuenda
- Nyeve
- Dambudziko uye / kana kurwadziwa kana uchimedza
- Marwadzo paunenge uchidya michero yemiti
- Inomira mumutsipa
- Neck pain
- Gumbo risingaendi
- Mhete yakateurwa neropa
- Kufema kwakaipa
Risk Factors
Vamwe vanhu vane mikana yekuwana kenza yemukati nekuda kwemararamiro ehupenyu kana mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu. Iwe unowanzoita kuti uwane kenza yemukati kana ukanwa doro kana utsi, unotapukirwa neHIVV kana HIV, kana kuti kune makore anopfuura makumi mashanu kana kupfuura (kunyange zvazvo kanese ine kenza inogona kuitika chero ipi zvayo).
Iwewo unowanzoita kuti uwane kenza yemukati kana iwe uri murume kana uine chironga chekugadzira .
Kuziva
Vanachiremba vanoshandisa maturusi akasiyana-siyana kuti avabatsire kuongorora kenza yematoni. Nhanho yekutanga yekuita izvi ndeyokuwana nhoroondo yakarurama yehutano kubva kwauri. Chiremba wako achakuongorora iwe. Mushure meizvi, kana zvichidikanwa, chiremba wako angangodaro aite imwe kana kuti yakawanda pane zvinotevera.
- Chimiro chesenzi chinoshuva (zvishoma zviduku zvinotorwa kubva mumatoni ane nheyo uye masero anoongororwa pasi microscope)
- Kuyera ropa
- X-rays
- MRI
- PET scan
Staging
Kuenzanisa zvirwere zvekenza muzvikamu zvina zvinobvumira vashandi vehutano kuratidza kuti kenza yakaramba ichifambira sei nenzira yakajeka uye yakajeka. Zvisinei, zvinobatsira izvi zvinogona kuva zvechiremba wako, zvinogona kunge zvakavhiringidza iwe. Izvi ndizvo zvinoreva zvikamu zvakasiyana.
- Nhanho I: Mucheche muduku (pasi pe2 cm), akavharirwa kune imwe nzvimbo, uye haana kupararira kumakirini emakondomu akavapoteredza.
- Chikamu II: Kanza iri pakati pe2 kusvika 4 cm asi haina kupararira.
- Nhanho III: Kanzera yakakura kudarika 4 cm uye yakapararira kune rimwe lymph node iri kune rumwe rutivi rwomutsipa sechiremera. I- lymph node inosvika 3 cm kana pasi.
- Nhanho IV: Iyi ndiyo nhanho yakaoma zvikuru uye yakaipisisa. Kuti uve nechikamu chekutanga chekenza yemukomana, chimwe chezvinhu zvinotevera zvinogona kuva zvechokwadi:
- Kenza yakapararira kunzvimbo dzakapoteredza kumutsipa kana muromo uye / kana kupfuura lymph nodes .
- Yakapararira kune imwe lymph node inodarika 6 cm.
- Yakapararira kune rimwe lymph node kune rumwe rutivi rwomutsipa sechiremera.
- Kenza yakapararira kune dzimwe nhengo dzomuviri.
Kurapa Kwematare Kanzira
Kuwanda kwemishonga yaunogamuchira nokuda kwehutano hwako huchabva pane imwe nhanho yemaronda ane kenza iwe, unhu hupi, uye iwe hutsinye iwe uye chiremba wako unoda kuva kana panouya nezvekurapa.
Muzhinji, zvitatu zvemishonga zvinoshandiswa:
- Kuvhiya: Vazhinji varwere vanoda kuvhiyiwa kuti vabvise mishonga ine kenza. Vamwe vanhu vane kenza yepakati pekutanga kana yechipiri vangasazodiwazve kurapwa kupfuura izvi, kunyange zvazvo miviri inogona kukurudzirwa sezvo rimwe chete rinosara rekenza rinogona kukura kuva rimwe ronda.
- Radiation: Mushure mekuvhiyiwa, varwere vakawanda vanotariswa nemirasiyo kuti vauraye chero mishonga yekenza iripo. Kune mhando dzakawanda dzemasikirwo uye izvo zvinoshandiswa zvinoenderana nemamiriro ako ezvinhu.
- Chemotherapy: Kana iwe une chirwere chepakati chechitatu kana IV, unogona kunge uchida chemotherapy. Mushonga mutsva unonzi induction chemotherapy uri kushandiswa kuderedza matumbo.
Vanachiremba vakawanda vanokurudzira huwandu hwekurapwa hunoshandiswa huchiteverwa nemirairo yepamunharaunda. Vamwe vanachiremba vanoshandisawo hyperthermia (inopisa muviri mumuviri wepamusoro kuti uuraye masero emukenza). Mimwe mishonga yekuongorora inowanika, asi inishuwarenzi yako ikambani haigoni kubhadhara. Mishonga yekuongorora inodhura zvikuru kunze kwekuti iwe uri kupinda muchidzidzo chezvino.
Ikoko kunewo maitiro akawanda ezvesayenzi uye ezvesayenzi zvisingaverengeki zvinopiwa munyika yose; iyi mishonga inofanira kubhadharwa kunze kwehomwe, inogona kuva yakadhura, uye hapana chivimbo chokuti vachashanda. Zvinosuruvarisa, mishonga ine kenza yakaipisisa kupfuura dzimwe dzeimwe huroti / muromo wekenza. Paanobatwa mumatanho ekutanga, kunyange zvakadaro, vanhu vakawanda vanogona kurova kenza.
The HPV Connection
Pakave nekuwedzera kwekenza yemusoro nemutsipa nekuda kweHIVV (human papilloma virus). Uyu ndiwo hutachiona humwe hunokonzera chirwere chemukondombera. Nhoroondo yekare, mutanho wemusoro neyemutsipa waifungidzirwa husingawanzoitiki uye unowanzokonzerwa nokushandisa fodya chekutsvaira, kusvuta kusvuta, uye kushandiswa kwezvinwiwa zvinodhakwa, asi pakati pe1984 ne2004, nhamba yemukati nemutsipa zvinokonzerwa neHIVV katatu. Muna 2004, matanho manomwe kubva pamakumi matatu emusoro nemutsipa zvinokonzerwa neHIVV. Zvinotendwa kuti hutachiona hunowanzoparidzirwa kuburikidza nehupombwe husina kudzivirira.
Iko "sirivha yokuvhara" (kureva) ndeyekuti HPV-positive malignancies inonyanya kugamuchira kurapwa kupfuura mamwe mawere uye musoro wekenza. Kunyange zvazvo hutachiona hweHIVV hwakanaka huchiwedzera , mamwe maitiro emusoro nehuro yekenza yakaderera. kune majekiseni eHIVV anowanika uye kutapurika kunogona kudziviswa nekushandisa makondomu .
> Sources:
> America Cancer Society. Simuka muZviyo zveTroat Cancer Yakagadzirirwa kuHIVV. https://www.cancer.org/
> America Cancer Society. Kupona Nhamba dzeMuromo weChirungu uye Oropharyngeal Cancer neSiteji. https://www.cancer.org/cancer/oral-cavity-and-oropharyngeal-cancer/detection-diagnosis-staging/survival-rates.html
> Makedhi-Sinai. Tonsil Kanzura. http://www.cedars-sinai.edu/Patients/Health-Conditions/Tonsil-Cancer.aspx
> National Cancer Institute. (2015). Kanzura Kutaura Chikwangwani Chaicho. https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/diagnosis-staging/staging
> National Cancer Institute. (2011). Hyperthermia muCcercer Treatment. https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/types/surgery/hyperthermia-fact-sheet