Anatomy, Basa, uye Zvinetso zveNasal Conchae
Kana iwe wakanzwa kureva kune "nasal turbinates" yako iri kupi? Chii chinonzi chimiro chechikamu chino chemhino, chii chinoshanda, uye zvinetso zvipi zvinogona kuitika?
Nasal Turbinates: Tsanangudzo
Turbinates, iyo inonziwo nasal concha kana kuti conchae (yakawanda), yakafanana nemagetsi emapfupa, midziyo, uye zvigunwe mukati mezvikamu zvemvura.
Izvo zvivako zvinokonzerwa nekudziya, kuchenesa, uye kuchenesa mhepo yatinofema. Kazhinji pane matatu turbinates kusanganisira yakakwirira (kumusoro), pakati, uye pasi (pasi) turbinates. Zvisinei, pane dzimwe nguva unogona kuva nechina yebinbinate (inonzi iyo yakakwirira turbinate) iyo yakakwirira kupfuura yakakwirira ye turbinate.
Pakati peimwe turbinate imwe nzvimbo (inozivikanwa se meati), imwe neimwe ine zita rinowirirana nezita re turbinate iri pamusoro pepakati. Iyi nzvimbo inogadzira migwagwa yedu inoyerera inotungamira mhepo inoyerera mumhino dzedu.
Urongwa (Anatomy) yeNasal Turbinates (Conchae)
Sezvakataurwa, manyowa emvura anoputsika muzvikamu zvitatu, nepamusoro, mukati, uye pasi pasi.
Inferior Meatus (Lower Conchae)
Iyo nyama yakaderera ndiyo nzvimbo iri pakati pepasi remukati wemasvingo uye iyo yakaderera turbinate. Iyi ndiyo yakakura pane nzvimbo dzepamhepo. Iyi nzira inoshanda zvinangwa zvakawanda:
- Nzira yakasara inoshanduka (inodonha duct) inovhara mvura chero ipi zvayo kubva pameso, ichibva paziso rekunze uye ichienda kune nyama yakaderera.
- Musoro werusvingo rwemasango, nyama yakaderera, uye kusvibiswa kwepiriform kunotanga kuvhara mupini . Ivhavha yechipfu inzvimbo yakanyanya kuderera mumumvuri wemvura uye inowanzova nzvimbo yekudzivirira (kuwa) nemhaka yechipamende chinoparadzaniswa kana zvimwe zvakashata zvemanzi.
Middle Meatus
Nyama yepakati ndiyo nzira yechipfuva inenge iri pakati penyama yakaderera uye nyama yepakati. Iyi nzvimbo inokosha kune:
- Kuronga kwematatu emasitini eparanasal; the maxillary, frontal, and front (anterior) sinemid sinus.
- Mhepo inoyerera kuburikidza nezvivi zveparanasal zvinoita mazwi emanzwi edu.
Superior Meatus (Conche kumusoro)
Iyo yakasvibirira nyama inzvimbo yakasara iyo inorara pakati pe nyama yepakati uye nyama yakakwirira. Izvi zvinowanzova nzira-yepamusoro-zhinji, asi dzimwe nguva panewo hukuru hukuru huri pamusoro pehukuru hwe turbinate. Mabasa emugwagwa uyu anosanganisira:
- Kuronga kwezviviri zvezvivi zveparanasal: sphenoid uye kumashure (posterior) zvitema zvemukati.
- Sezvakaita nyama yakasvibirira, mhepo inoyerera nenzira iyi (iyo inobatanidza nematanda emakona) inobatsira kuchinja mazwi edu.
- Mucus membrane wepamusoro turbinate (pamwe chete nechepamusoro chepasipu yechipfu, iyo inoparadzanisa mhembera yakasara uye yakarurama) yakasimbiswa nemagumo ekupedzisira anoshandiswa kududzira kunhuwa. Ichi ndicho chikonzero kushungurudzika mune ino turbinate kunogona kukonzera kushungurudzika mupfungwa yekunhuhwirira (kuora) .
Iyo conu yepamusoro uye yepakati ndiyo chikamu chetema rethmoid, asi conesi yakadzika chimiro chakazvimirira.
Basa (Physiology) yeTurbinates: Mutemo weNalal Cycle
Rimwe nerimwe kusvikira maawa manomwe, nzira dzako dzomukati dzinoenda pakutenderera kwekudzivirira (kupera) imwe turbinate apo imwe turbinate inokurira. Izvi zvinoita kuti dzimwe nzira idzi dzive dzakadzika, dzichidzivirira kubuda kwemhepo, dzichiwedzera imwe imwe mhepo uye inovandudza kubuda kwemhepo. Munguva yemazino inenge ichichinja, hauzonzwi wakasununguka sezvo kubwinya kwako kwemhepo kusina kuchinja.
Chinangwa chemuviri wepamusoro hachina kunyatsonzwisiswa asi zvinyorwa zvakajairika zvinosanganisira:
- Nzira dzakapetwa dzakasununguka (dzakatetepa) dzinobvumira kuti gland "dzidzorezve."
- Nzira dzakapetwa dzakasununguka zvakare dzinofungidzirwa kuti dzibvumira kuti masikiti abviswa.
- Constricted passageways (yakawedzerwa) inobvumira humidification yakagadziriswa uye nyore kubuda kwemhepo.
Turbinate Matambudziko
Izvo zvinoshandiswa zvinosanganiswa zvinogona kusanganiswa nezvinetso zvakasiyana-siyana. Kazhinji, chiratidzo chinobatanidzwa nezvinetso izvi kusangana. Turbinate zvinetso zvinosanganisira:
- Hora yakawanda: Tose takasangana nematambudziko nemasalinates edu emvura patinenge tichishungurudzika nehuwandu hwehutano .
- Allergies
- Kurara kwepabonde: Kusagadzikana mumasalbinates emvura ndeimwe yezvikonzero zvinokonzerwa nehope apnea .
- Concha Bullosa: Concha bullosa chirwere chinowanzoshandiswa mune zvehutano umo mune homwe yemhepo (pneumatization) mukati mekudya. Iyi yehomwe yemhepo inogona kutungamirira kumvura isina kukwana yezvitadzo uye zvirwere zvinotevera zvechivi.
- Nasal valve inoputsika: Ivhavha yeputi ndiyo chikamu chiduku zvikuru chekufamba kwemvura uye kumucheto kwezasi kunoita chikamu chechimiro ichi. Iyi nzira inoenda kumigwagwa inogona kuomeswa kunyanya kuwedzera ( kuvharwa kwemagetsi ) nekuda kwekutsvaira, kusvibiswa kwemainal septum , kana nekuda kwe rhinoplasty (kupurapa mupurasitiki pamhino.)
- Auditory tubhu rinokanganisa: Kuwedzerwa kana mamwe matambudziko ane turbinates ndeimwe yezvinokonzera kugadziriswa kwehutachiona hutachiona (hunonziwo eustachian tube dysfunction.)
- Choanal Atresia: Choanal atresia inoputika pamapapiro nemajaya anowanzovapo kubva pakuberekwa, uye inogona kukanganisa kufambiswa kwemaodzanyemba nepamusoro.
Kugadzirisa Matambudziko eTurbinate
Matambudziko akawanda e-turbinate anogadzirisa oga, asi pane dzimwe nguva kurapa kunodiwa kugadzirisa dambudziko racho. Kana zvirwere zve turbinate zvinoda kugadziriswa, kuderedzwa kwe turbinate kunogona kuitwa panguva yekuvhiyiwa kwechiviko chekupedzisira . Iyi inoda kuti anesthesia inowanzove uye inowanzoitwa mune rimwe zuva rekuvhiya kliniki.
Pasi Pano paAnatomy uye Physiology yeNasal Turbinates uye Basa Radzo Muzvirwere
Mafuta emaspine anosanganisira zvitatu kana zvivako zvinoshumira basa rekudziya, kudzikisa, uye kuchenesa mhepo yatinofema. Kuipa kwezvinhu mu turbinates kunowanzokonzera kusangana, sezvinowanzoitika nehuwandu hwehutachiona uye kurwara. Kurongeka kwemasimba mumatinhii akadai sa concha bullosa uye choanal atresia kunogonawo kuguma zviratidzo. Kana zvakanyanya, kuvhiyiwa (kupera kwetinbinate) kunogona kudikanwa kuderedza zviratidzo uye kudzorera basa kune chikamu chemaitiro edu.
> Sources:
> Terzi, S., Dursun, E., Celiker, F. et al. Migumisiro yeChoanal Atresia Mukufambiswa kwePasanasal Sinuses neTurbinates. Kuvhiya uye Radiologic Anatomy . 2017 Mar 13. (Epub mberi kwekudhinda).
> Turner, J., Lal, D. uye J. Nayak. Rhinologic American Society. Nasal Anatomy. Updated 01/20/15. http://care.american-rhinologic.org/nasal_anatomy