Apo mubereki anonzwa mazwi "kufambira mberi kunonzwa kurasikirwa", pane zvakawanda zvekusatenda uye kuzvidya mwoyo. Chii chinonzi kurasikirwa kwekunzwa kunowedzera? Izvozvo zvinorevei kumwana wangu? Mumashoko ekutanga, kurasikirwa kwekunzwa kunopfurikidza apo kukanganiswa kwekunzwa (zvishoma kana kuti zvimwe) kwakaonekwa uye kunowedzera. Muvana vaduku vangave vasina kukwanisa kutaura mutauro mukuchinja kwavo, vabereki vanofanira kuziviswa nezvemarudzi ezviratidzo kutarisa izvo zvinogona kuratidza kuchinja kwekunzwa, kuziva zviitiko zvinotyisa uye zvinokonzera zvinokonzera, uye kuvaka ukama ne vanachiremba vepachikoro kuti vanyatsocherechedza kunzwa kwevana vavo.
Risk Factors
Anozivikanwa
Zvakawanda zvinowanzozivikanwa zvinokonzerwa nehupfumi hwekunzwa kurasikirwa mune vana zviripo. Vanongova vashomanana vanosanganisira kuva nemhuri ine nhoroondo yekurasikirwa kwekunzwa, kuberekwa nguva isati yakwana, kana kuva nemafungiro edzimusoro emusoro kana nzeve. Kana amai vacho vakawana dzimwe zvirwere pavanenge vaine pamuviri kana pavanenge vachizvara, izvozvowo zvinogona kukonzera kurasikirwa kwekunzwa kunofambira mberi.
Kunyange kana mwana mucheche achizvinzwa zviitiko "zvakajairika," Joint Committee yemucheche Inonzwa inokurudzira kuti chero muchechecheche anoziva chero njodzi dzinokonzerwa nehutachiona hwekurasikirwa kwekunzwa kunofanira kuva nekunzwa kwacho kuchiedzwa mwana asati ava nemakore matatu. Ichi ndechokuti mwana angangodaro aine kurasikirwa kwekunzwa kutadza kunzwisisika kwakaderera shure kwekuberekwa.
Isina kusimbiswa
Chidzidzo chakaitwa nevana vakaberekerwa nehutachiona hweCytomegalovirus (CMV), chikonzero chakazivikanwa chekufambira mberi kwekunzwa kwekunzwa. Vatsvakurudzi vechirongwa ichi vaida kuona kana vachigona kuziva chero zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvinogona kushanda se "nyevero" iyo mwana akanga ari pangozi yekuvandudza kurasikirwa kwekunzwa.
Kutanga, vatsvakurudzi vakatarisa dhiyabhorosi yevana 21 vakaberekerwa pakati pa1994 na1999 kuti vaone kuti CMV yakawanda sei mumurini yavo mumwedzi wavo wokutanga mushure mekuberekwa. Anenge makore maviri gare gare, vana vakadaro vakateverwa kuti vaone kana pane imwe yenzira yakaramba ichirasika. Zvipfumbamwe zvevana ivavo vakawedzera kurasikirwa kunzwa.
Vose mapfumbamwe vana vakanga vane CMV mune imwe murwizi pavaiva vacheche. Vanyori vekudzidza vakaona zviitiko zvakaratidza "sangano rinokosha" pakati pehuwandu hwe CMV mumuguta uye nekuvandudzwa kwekunzwa kwekunzwa.
Zviratidzo
Mhuri nevana vane kurasikirwa kwekunzwa kunofambira mberi vakacherechedza zvimwe zviratidzo: Inzwi remwana wavo rinoshanduka kuti riwedzere, kana mwana wavo asingaoneki kuti anonzwa zvinoshandiswa nemwana kuti anzwe, kana kutaura kwomwana kunoshanduka.
Zvinokonzera
Vacheche vanogona kuberekwa neurotomegalovirus virus, inozivikanwa kuti inokonzera kurasikirwa kwekunzwa kunowedzera. Mune vana, zvinogonawo kukonzerwa nenhaka dzinotora nhaka, dzakadai seConnexin 26 ; zvidzidzo zvishomanana zvakawana zviitiko zvekurasikirwa kwekunzwa kunopfuurira apo Connexin 26 iripo. Vatsvakurudzi vakawanawo chirongwa chePRPS1 muvarume, geni rinosanganiswa neDFN2, chinonyanya kuzivikanwa chinokonzerwa nekurasikirwa kwekunzwa.
Zvimwe zvinokonzera zvinosanganisira zvimwe syndromes, zvakadai sePendred syndrome, Alport syndrome, uye Usher syndrome . Congenital (pakuberekwa) zvinetso, zvakadai sekusawirirana kwenzeve yomukati, zvinogonawo kuita kuti kurasikirwa kwekunzwa kunopfuurira mberi. Mondini syndrome imwe yezvakaipa.
Kutsvakurudza
Pane nzira dzekudzivisa kukanganisa kunzwa kubva pakufambira mberi mucheche?
Zvichida. Zvidzidzo zviduku zviviri zvevana vachangoberekwa neCVV zvirwere zvinoratidza kuti zvingaitika kuti mishonga inonzi ganciclovir inogona kudzivirira kana kuderedza kupera kwekunzwa kwekunzwa. Chidzidzo chekutanga chakabatanidza vana vapfumbamwe, zviya zvishanu izvo zvaive zvatova nekurasikirwa kwekunzwa. Idzi idzi dzakapiwa kuwirirana kwepravenous plus oral ganciclovir. Chigumisiro chacho ndechekuti makore maviri gare gare, hakuna mumwe wevacheche akanga achinzwa kurasikirwa kwekunzwa, uye vana vaviri vakadzokazve kunzwa.
Muchidzidzo chechipiri, vana vachangoberekwa makumi maviri nemashanu vakapiwa muchero ganciclovir kwemavhiki masere. Apo vana vaitarirwa pamwedzi mitanhatu, havana kuzoteerera kurasikirwa.
Zvisinei, apo vacheche vaive nemakore masere, vashanu vavo vakanga vawedzera kurasikirwa kwekunzwa. Vatsvakurudzi vekutsvakurudza vaishamisika kana chirwere chinopera kwenguva refu kupfuura mavhiki matanhatu chingadai chakadzivirira vana vashanu ivavo kuti vasave nekunzwa kurasikirwa.
Kurapa
Vana vane kurasikirwa kwekunzwa kunopfurikidza vanogona kurapwa nemishonga inonzwa kana kuti mapiritsi echinyorwa .
Inobatsira zvakadini mapiritsi echochlear sekurapa? Chidzidzo cheBritish chakaitwa nevanomwe vanomwe vakanga vachinzwa kurasikirwa kwekunzwa uye vakashandisa kunzwa rubatsiro. Vana vatatu vevana vakagamuchira mapiritsi emakwenzi sevana vaduku, uye vamwe vana vakawana ivo vachiri kuyaruka. Vamwe vevana vakanga vachinzwa kurasikirwa kwemakore vasati vaona kurasikirwa kwekunzwa kamwe kamwe, asi vamwe vakanga vakaberekerwa nekunzwa kurasikirwa kwakafambira mberi kusvika pakunzwa matsi, zvichizoita kuti vawane zvinowanikwa. Mushure mokusimwa, vose vechidiki vanomwe vaiva nemigumisiro yakanaka. Ichi chidzidzo chinoratidzira kukwanisa kwakanaka kwevana vakange vachinzwa vashandi vekubatsira vane unyanzvi hwakanaka hwekuongorora, kuti vaite zvakanaka kwazvo nemapiranga emakwenzi.
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Yakarongwa naMelissa Karp, Au.D.