Tsanangudzo yeDhiyabhorosi pamusoro peKubatsira kweSarudzo yeVanhu
Zvose zvinosarudzwa nehurumende zvinoreva hurumende inopa hupenyu hwehutano inshuwarisi iyo vagari vanogona kutenga, kubhadhara kurapa kwavo kweutano. Ichange ichishanda sehurongwa hweMedicare hunoshanda kune vakwegura kana VA system inoshanda kune veterans. Hapana sarudzo yakasarudzwa yakaiswa mubhuku reAgordable Care Act (ACA) mutemo wekugadzirisa hutano hweMarch muna 2010, asi dzimwe nyanzvi dzinofunga kuti ichava chikamu chemari yekubhadhara pakupedzisira.
Vazhinji veAmerica vane maonero pamusoro pekuti chinangwa chevanhu chinofanira kuvapo here, uye kazhinji pfungwa idzi dzinoshandiswa pasina kunzwisisa zvechokwadi kuti sarudzo yevanhu inoshanda sei. Heano humwe hutsananguro pamusoro peshoko nemashoko.
Vanhu vangasarudzwa sei?
Zvose zvinoshandiswa nehurongwa hwehutano hwehutano hwehutano huchashandiswa nehurumende asi hunogona kushandiswa sekushanda kwehutano inshuwarhu.
- Kuzvitsigira: Chimwe chisarudzo ndechokuda inshuwarisi yevanhu kuti izvitsigire; iyo iyo, inobhadharwa chete nemishandirapamu inobhadharwa neavo "vari" purogiramu iyoyo.
- Mutero Wakatsigirwa: Chimwe chingava chekubhadhara mari inobhadharwa nehurumende, kuburikidza nemitero.
- Federal kana State Administered: Imwe nzira ndeyokuti sarudzo yevanhu inogona kusarongedzerwa nehurumende yehurumende chete; panzvimbo iyo, inogona kutarisirwa nehurumende imwe neimwe, uye inotaura kuti inogona kuisa zvairi ivo pachavo.
Izvo zvaisarudzwa nevanhu zvaisava chikamu chekugadzirisa, kutanga, asi kana vatsigiri vega vega vasingakwanise kuchengetedza mutengo wekutengesa, uye kuchengetedza avo vane mararamiro aivepo kare akafukidzwa, zvinogona kuita kuti kusarudzwa kwevanhu vasarudze.
Ndiani aizobatanidzwa munharaunda yehurumende chirongwa chemishonga inshuwarano yehutano?
Kune mapoka maviri anopikiswa nehutano hwehutano inshuwarheni uyo angawana nyore, kana kuti kuwana zvakakwana kukwana yveshuwarhu yehutano kupfuura zvavaiva nazvo pamberi pe ACA.
- Kutanga: Vanhu vasingakwanisi kutenga mari inodhura, purogiramu yehushuwarisi yega yega, kunyanya avo vanoshandira vashandirwi vasina kupa hutano inshuwarheni sechibatsiro, vanowana sarudzo yepamusoro inoshandiswa nehurumende yekusarudza.
- Chechipiri: Chinhu chisarudzo chevanhu chinogona kubatsirawo avo vane nguva yakagara iripo vanotenga inshuwarisi inodhura. The Affordable Care Act ya2012 (Obamacare) yakaita kuti boka iri rirege kusarudzwa nevanishuwarenzi. Chechisarudzo chevanhu chinogona kugadzirisa kana kutsiva ACA inoda kuramba ichi kuchengetedzwa.
- Rimwe boka - vechidiki, vanhu vane hutano - vaizoshandiswa nehuruzhinji rwevanhu, kunyange zvazvo vasina dambudziko rekuwana inshuwarisi yehutano chero zvakadaro.
Nzira iyo inshuwarisi yehutano yakashanda pamberi peAACA kuti hapana munhu aifanira kutora chikamu; pasinei nokuti iwe waida kuva nehutano inshuwarisi yakasvika kwauri. Mukuita, izvo zvinoreva kuti vanhu vakabatanidzwa mu inshuwarisi ndivo vanhu avo vanoshandisa hutano hwehutano hwakanyanya
Nyanzvi dzakawanda uye vezvematongerwe enyika vanobvumirana kuti kana kana kusarudzwa kwevanhu kushandiswa kunoshandiswa, munhu wose anoshanda anofanira kudiwa kuti atenge kugoverwa, zvichida kuburikidza neshuwarisi yehurumende kana yega, kuitira kuti uchengetedze mari. Kuti vawane mari kune wese, vaduku, vanhu vane hutano vanofanira kubhadhara muhurongwa kuti vaderedze mari yevamwe mari. Zvakanakira kuvana vaduku, vane hutano avo vasingashandisi zvakawanda zvekugoverana kwavo ndeyokuti gare gare, kana vakwegura kana kana vachirwara, kugoverwa kwaizova kune ivo vashoma kudhura kupfuura zvingave zvisina kudaro.
Funga nezvekusarudzwa kwevanhu sezvinofungidzira nezvekuchengetedzwa kwevanhu. Iwe unobhadhara paunenge uchiri muduku, kuitira kuti uvheneke zvaunobatsira paunenge wakwegura kana kuti wakaremara.
Iko Inotendeseka Inotarisira Mutemo wegore ra2012 inoda kubatanidzwa, nemitengo kune avo vasingaiti.
Zvinyorwa zveMushuwarenzi Wehutano Hwevanhu Pamwe Chete
Zvichida chinonyanyokosha "pro" ndechokuti sezvo hurumende yakakura zvikuru, uye nokuti vanhu vakawanda vanozoitawo sarudzo yevanhu vose, mutengo wezvido zvehutano unouya. Izvozvo zvinoreva kuti premiums ichave yakaderera kune iyo inobhadharwa kumakambani ehutano ehutanohu.
Sei mari yacho inogona kunge yakaderera zvikuru nechisarudzo chevanhu?
- Chokutanga, nokuti hurumende haina mari. Sezvo vavariro yavo kuvhara mari yavo, asi kwete kubatsirwa nebasa racho, havakwanisi kuvaka purogiramu muzvikwereti zvavo.
- Chechipiri, nokuti mari yekufambisa ingave yakaderera. Kwete kutengesa mari, zviduku zvekutarisira mari. Inofungidzira zvemazuva ano mapurogiramu ehurumende (Medicare, Medicaid, Tricare, CHIP uye VA) inosvika 3% kusvika 11%. Inofanirwa nevatsigiri vepamberi vanobva kune 25% kusvika 35%.
- Chechitatu, nokuti chimwe chikamu chakakura chine simba riri nani rekushandisa. Simba rakanaka rekugadzirisa zvinogona kuisa mutengo wezvinhu zvose zvehutano hwehutano. Uyezve, nokuti vatsigiri vega vega vangave vari mukukwikwidzana nechisarudzo chevanhu, vatsigiri vega voga vanofanira kuderedza mari yavo yepurayamisi uye kutaurirana zvakanyanya, zvakare.
Panewo mubvunzo wemutoro wemitero. Zvose zvinosarudzwa zvingave mutero usingabhadharwi nekuti, chokwadi, hazviwani mari. Vatsigiri vega voga vanovapo chete kuti vaite phindu ivo pachavo uye varimi vavo. Nharo yavo yaizoita mutoro wemitero - mari yavaizofanira kutakura uye inosanganisira mumapurayamisi avo.
Imwe imwe "pro" bears inotaura; izvo zvinoreva, inshuwalhu yehutano yehutano inogonawo kubvumira kushandiswa . Izvi zvinoreva kuti vanhu vanogona kufamba kana kuchinja mabasa vasingatyi kurasikirwa neshuwarhu yehutano yehutano kana kuchinja kune imwe hurongwa hwehutano hwakanaka uye vasarudza vatsva. Nechisarudzo chehurumende chinoshandiswa nehurumende, vanogona kuenda kune imwe nzvimbo mukati mehurumende yavo. Nehurongwa hwehurumende, vaigona kufamba chero kupi zvako mukati meUnited States. IAACA inobvumira kushandiswa, asi munhu angafanira kuchinja kune rimwe urongwa kana vakashandura mabasa kana kuti vaende. Nechisarudzo chevanhu, hapange pasina chikonzero chekuchinja kune rimwe urongwa, kubvisa matambudziko ekusarudza chirongwa chitsva.
Mutengo wePublic Health Insurance Option
Izvo zvinoshandiswa nehuruzhinji inshuwarhu yehutano yehutano zvose inoratidzira kune vashandi vanobatanidzwa mune zvehutano. Zvisinei, chii chinokanganisa vashandi vanozopedzisira vachisvika pasi kuti vaite varwere, zvakare.
Vatsigiri vehutano vakazvimiririra vanopopotera kuti sarudzo yevanhu, nokuti inodhura zvakanyanya, uye nokuti inenge iine simba guru rekutaurirana, raizovaisa kunze kwebhizimisi. Vaizokwanisa kukwanisa kuchengetedza maitiro avo ekushumira kana kuramba vachibhadhara varimi vavo. Uyezve, vanosimudzira kutya kuti pakupedzisira vanhu vazhinji vanozopfuurira kune vanhu vakawanda, kuti United States ichazoguma neine -mubhadhari system .
Vapiro vane hanyawo nezvevanhu vanogona kusarudza. Iko simba guru rekutaurirana rinogona kumanikidzira mari shoma kune varwere, asi zvizhinji zvezvikwereti zvishoma zvingatakurwa nevatapi. Vanachiremba vanovhunduka kuti vaizobhadharwa kunyange pamadhura akaderera pane zvavari ikozvino.
Kuchengetedza kwehutano hwehutano hwehutano hwehutano hunotiudza kuti izvo zvekubhadhara zvakaderera zvinoreva kuti vamwe vanachiremba nevatapi vacharamba varwere vakashandisa chero ipi zvayo yevanhu vanogona kutenga mari, kusanganisira Medicare, Medicaid, TriCare, VA, uye CHIP.
> Sources:
> Journal Journal Affairs
> Time Magazine