Selective IgA Kukwana
Kushayikwa kweunofunoglobulin A (IgA) ndiyo inonyanyozivikanwa zvikuru yekudzivirira muviri. Iyo inoratidzika zvakaderera zvikuru kuti isipo mazinga eIgA muropa, iyo inogona kukonzera kuwedzera kwehutachiona hunosanganisira mucous membrane, zvakadai senzeve, sinus, mapapu uye chirwere chepamuviri. Vanhu vane kushaya IgA kune ngozi yakawanda yevamwe zvirwere, kusanganisira zvirwere zvemotokari, zvirwere zvepamuviri, zvirwere zvinokonzerwa nehutachiona, uyewo kuipa kwehutachiona hwehutachiona.
Chii IgA?
IgA ndiyo inopisa yakawanda inogadzirwa nemuviri uye inowanikwa muropa rega uye mumumvuri wakavanzika pamusana pemuviri. Basa rinonyanya kukosha reIgA nderokuchengetedza kurwisana nehutachiona kubva kune mabhakitiriya akawanda anowanikwa mu mucous membrane. IgA inobata kupfeka bhakitiriya, iyo inoparadzwa nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzekudzivirira zvirwere.
Chinonzi IgA Kukwana?
IgA kushayikwa kunotsanangurwa sekuti kusakwana kwakakwana, kana kuti kutsika kwakanyanya, kweAgA sezvakaenzana muropa, mune imwe mimwe mazinga eanoripolisi ( IgG uye IgM). Zvishoma zviri pasi IgA maitiro haafananidzi neAgA inoshaya.
Nepo kushaya IgA kunongororwa sechimiro chekudzivirira muviri, 85-90% yevanhu vane chirwere cheG Ig havana zviratidzo zvine chokuita nemamiriro avo. Vanhu vazhinji vanoonekwa kuti sechikonzero chekupa ropa, umo mairi vanenge 1 muvanhu vose 300 vanowanikwa vane kushaya IgA.
IgA inoshaya inokonzerwa nokukura kwemaitiro emamwe masero eropa mumuviri ( B-seli uye / kana T-seli ), iyo inowanzokonzerwa nekusaremara kwezvisikwa zvinotungamirira mumhuri.
Ndezvipi zviratidzo zvekushaya kweAgA?
Zvimwe, asi kwete vose, vanhu vane chirwere chinonzi IgA vari pangozi yakawanda yehutachiona hunosanganisira mucous membrane, zvakadai semasipi ( sinusitis ), mapofu ari pakati ( otitis media ), mapapu ( pneumonia ), uye mapuropa emuviri (Giardiasis).
Hazvanzwisisi kuti nei vanhu vazhinji vane chirwere cha IgA vasina kuwedzera mune zvirwere, uye nei vamwe vane zvinetso zvakawanda kubva mukushayikwa kwechirwere ichi.
IgA inoshaya inobatanidzawo nedzimwe zvirwere zvepamuviri, kusanganisira kusagadzikana kwelasise , chirwere cheliacac , uye ulcerative colitis. Chirwere cheCeliac chinonyanya kuongororwa nokuvapo kwezvirwere zveAgA zvichipikisa mamwe mapuroteni mumutsara wemagumbu, ayo, chokwadi, haawanikwi mumunhu ane chirwere cheliacac uye IgA inoshaya. Pane kudaro, IgG zvirwere zvinorwisana nemapuroteni aya aizotarisirwa kuti avepo mumunhu ane chirwere ichi. Nokudaro, munhu anofungidzirwa kuva nechirwere chechiliac anofanira kuongororwa neAgA inoshaya panguva yekuongororwa ropa kwechirwere chechiliac kuti ave nechokwadi chokuti chirwere chepachirwere chechiliac hachizove chikonzero chakaipa chechikonzero sechikonzero chekushaya kweAgA.
Ongororo dzakawanda dzakaratidza kuti inenge hafu yevanhu vose vane kushaya IgA kune huwandu hwehuwandu hwemagetsi, kusanganisira hay fever , asthma , eczema , mikoko uye kudya kwekudya . Vamwe vanhu vane kushaya IgA chaizvoizvo vanoita zvirwere zvinokonzera zvirwere ( IgE ) zvinorwisana neAgam antibodies uye saka vari pangozi yevanaphylaxis nemhaka yekugamuchira kuwedzerwa ropa.
Saka, vanhu vane chirwere cheG Ig vanofanira kupfeka chiremba chekurapa kuitira kuti kana kuwedzerwa kweropa kusinganzwisisiki kwaidiwa, ropa rekushandisa pasina ropa reAgA rinogona kushandiswa kuitira kuderedza mukana wevanaphylaxis.
IgA-vanhu vasina kusimba vanewo mungozi yakakura yezvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana zvekudzivirira muviri, kusanganisira zvimwe zvirwere zveropa (zvakadai seTIT , TTP, uye hemolytic anemia), rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus , uye Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Izvi zvirwere zvinowanikwa munenge 20-30% yevanhu vane IgA inoshaya.
Zvimwe zvirwere zvinokonzerwa nemakumbo, kunyanya maitiro emakemikari uye lymphomas , zvinowanzoitika mumatunhu akakwirira kuvanhu vane IgA inoshaya.
Pakupedzisira, vamwe vanhu vane chirwere chinonzi IgA vanogona kufambira mberi vachiwedzera kukura kwemafomu ekudzivirira muviri, zvakadai seowanowanzoshandura mafungidziro emuviri (CVID).
Chii chinonzi kurapwa kwekushaya kwegA?
Chirwere chikuru chekushaya IgA ndiko kurapwa kwezvirwere kana zvezvirwere zvinobatanidzwa zvinogona kuitika. Vanhu vane chirwere cheG Ig uye vanoramba vachirwara vanofanirwa kurapwa kare uye zvakanyanya kurwisana nemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya kupfuura munhu asina kukwana IgA. Zvirwere zvinorwisana nehutachiona hunowanikwa, zvakadai sekuurayiwa kwemashoko (mararamiro anorarama mavharwere anofanirwa kuregedzwa) wehutachiona hwekukurumidza kwepenza uye chirwere chepneumococcal , chinofanira kupiwa kuvanhu vane IgA inoshaya. Kuongororwa kwekuitika kwezvirwere zvinokonzerwa nehutachiona, zvirwere zvepamuviri, zvirwere zvinokonzerwa nehutachiona, mararamiro, uye kuwedzera kukura kwehutachiona hunofanirwawo kuitwa nguva dzose kuvanhu vane IgA inoshaya.
Kunobva:
Yel L. Selective IgA Kukwana. J Clin Immunol. 2010; 30: 10-16.
KUDZIDZA: Mashoko anowanikwa mune ino yepaiti ndeyedzidzo yekudzidzisa chete, uye haafaniri kushandiswa sechinzvimbo chekutarisirwa kwega nechiremba ane chiremba. Ndapota ona chiremba wako kuti uongorore uye kurapwa chero kupi zvako pamusoro pezviratidzo kana chirwere chekurapa.