Muhutano inshuwarhu, nyaya yakarongedzwa inoreva mamiriro ezvinhu apo chirongwa chekuchengetwa kwehutano chinopiwa kune chero ani uye vose vanogona kukodzera kubvunza pasinei noutano hwehutano. Nyaya yakagadziriswa inobvumira vanhu vane nguva refu, yekare-yehutano nenyaya dzezvehutano vanowana inshuwarhu yehutano, sezvo nhoroondo yavo yezvehutano isingatorerwi.
Nyaya Yakavimbiswa Pasi Penyu Iri Kutengeswa (Careable Care Act) (ACA)
Pasi pemutengo wekugadzirisa mutemo , munhu wese wehutano inshuwarisi yemitemo nemitambo yakasununguka yaJanuary 2014 kana kuti inotevera inofanira kutengeswa pamubvunzo wakavimbiswa.
Vatsigiri vangave vasisakwanisi kubhadhara zvigaro zvekugadziriswa pamusana pemakore ekurapa, uye mamiriro ezvinhu akambovapo haakwanise kuiswa kunze kwezvirongwa zvitsva.
Icho chakanga chisina kudaro pamberi peChinamatira Care Act. Kubva muna 2012, kwaiva nematanhatu chete ekutengeserana kwemashamba (marudzi aunozvitenga iwe, panzvimbo yekuwana kubva kumushandi) yaive yakagadziriswa nyaya. Mune makumi mana makumi mana nemasere ekutaura, vatsigiri vehurumende vakatarisa zvinyorwa zvekurapa kune mumwe nomumwe wavo uye avo vane zviitiko zvakakosha-kana dzimwe nguva zvishoma-izvo zvaivepo zvakange zvisingabvumirwi kugoverwa.
Mukuwedzera pakuvimbiswa kwakasimba, kugoverwa mumusika mumwe nomumwe neboka duku zvakare ikozvino kwakabudiswa nehuwandu hwemagariro evanhu semugumisiro weAACA. Izvozvo zvinoreva kuti mihorosiyamu haigoni kuve yakavakirwa kubva munhoroondo yezvokurapa; vanogona kungosiyana-siyana zvichienderana nezera, kushandiswa kwefodya, uye zip code. Nyaya yakagadziriswa uye kuchinjwa kwehuwandu hwemunharaunda ndeyechokwadi mashoko akanaka kune avo vane hutano hwakagara huripo.
Zvisinei, zvichiri kukosha kukurukura mamiriro ako akagara akambovapo nevatengesi kana vanyori vanoverenga, kana munhu anotungamirira dhipatimendi revanhu vashandi vako, usati watora chirongwa. Izvi ndizvo zvinoratidza kuti mishandisi anopa mishonga uye mishonga yemishonga inogadzirwa nemishonga ichasiyana zvikuru kubva pane imwe chirongwa kune imwe.
Kana uine mamiriro ezvinhu akambovapo, iwe unoda kuve nechokwadi kuti kana zvichikwanisika, chirongwa chaunosarudza chinosanganisira vanachiremba muhutano hwavo uye inoshandisa mishonga yaunotora.
Nyaya Yakavimbiswa Kana Uri Kutenga Utano HwepaInishuwarenzi Kwekambani Duku
Mutemo weBurumende unoda kuti zvirongwa zvose zvehutano zvinotengeswa kumakambani ane vashandi vaviri kusvika kune makumi mashanu vave nehurukuro yakatendwa. Izvi ndizvo zvave zvichiitika kubva paHIPAA yakazobudirira muna 1997-kwemakumi maviri emakore, vatsigiri vehurumende havana kukwanisa kuramba kuparidzira kune vashandirisi vaduku zvichienderana nehutano hwavo hwevashandi.
Zvisinei, HIPAA haina kudzivirira vatsigiri vekuchengetedza mabhizimisi kubva kumakambani ekutsigira mapoka emapoka mashomanana pamusoro penyaya yezvehutano yeboka. Izvozvo zvaireva kuti kunze kwekunge hurumende ikaramba, vatsigiri vanogona kupa zvikwereti kumapoka ane utano, uye vanobhadhara zvikwereti zvakakwirira kumapoka ane vashandi vashoma vane utano uye / kana vatsigiri. Vanokwanisawo kupa mari yepamitima yakakwirira yemapoka ane mabasa anonzi akaipisisa, pasinei nokuti vashandi vanobatanidzwa (kusiyana nevashandi vehutano inshuwarisi) vanowedzera ku-ku-kukuvara kwebasa.
Asi ACA yakapedza mutsika wekugadzirisa zvikwereti pamapoka maduku emakiriniki kana rudzi rwemabhizimusi. Mukuwedzera pakuvimbiswa kwakatenderwa, kugoverwa kweboka duku ikozvino kunotevera mitemo yakagadziriswa yemagariro evanhu inoshandiswa mumusika mumwe nomumwe: zvikomboti zvinogona kusiyana chete zvichienderana nezera, kushandiswa kwefodya, uye zip code.
Nyaya Yakavimbiswa yeVadzidzi Vakakura Mapoka
Vashandi vakakura vanofanirwa kugoverana kuvashandi vavo pasi pe ACA. Kuita kuti izvi zvivepo, vatsigiri vehurumende havachabvumirwi kuisa zvishoma zvido zvekuita zvinodiwa apo vashandirwi vakawanda vachitsvaga kubhadhara vashandi vavo. Ruzhinji boka guru kwazvo rinozvidzivirira, zvisinei, zvichiita izvi kuti zvive nyore.
Kubatanidzwa kweboka rakakura hazvifaniri kutevera mitemo yakagadziriswa yemitemo yevanhu inoshanda kune boka duku uye zvirongwa zvevanhu. Izvozvo zvinoreva kuti kutengesa kwemazana makuru kunogona kuve kwakabva pane zvido zvose zvezvikwata zveboka racho, nekuderedzwa kwemazinga emapoka ehutano, uye yepamusoro mitengo yezvikamu zvishoma zvine utano.
Nokutaura, "boka guru" rinowanzoreva vanopfuura makumi matanhatu vashandi, kunyange zvazvo pane zvishoma zvichiti zvinoshanda kumapoka ane vashandi vanopfuura 100 .
Nyaya Yakatsigirwa Kunze kweUnited States
Kunyange zvazvo Inotengeswa Care Care Act yakaita kuti kuwana inshuwarhu yehutano muUnited States yose nyore nyore kune vanhu vane mamiriro ezvinhu akambovapo, ine zvishoma zvayo. Iko Inotengeswa Care Care Act inongogadzirisa utano hwehutano muUnited States. Nyika dziri kunze kweUnited States dzine mitemo yakasiyana-siyana inodzora kutengesa kwehutano inshuwarisi.
> Sources:
> Dhipatimendi Rezvoutano uye Human Services, Hofisi yeMubatsiri Munyori weGadziriro nekuongorora. The Impact of Access Regulation pamusoro peutano Inishuwarenzi Yakashambadzirwa Mararamiro, Nyaya Yakatsigirwa uye Kuvandudzwa. October 20, 2000.
> Bhizimisi Rinobatsira Pakutsvakurudza Institute. Self-Insured Health Plans: Recent Trends by Firm Size, 1996-2015 . July 2016; Vol 37, Nha.
> HealthCare.gov. Verengai Mutengo Wakanaka Wenyu.
> Kaiser Family Foundation. Utano Inishuwarenzi Misika Inoshandiswa: Kuvimbiswa Issue . June 2012.