Zvinotakura zveHypid fever Zvingave Zvisingave Zvirwere
Dutu reMaria rakanga riri munhu chaiwo mumavambo ekutanga kwema1900 uyo akanga asinganzwisisi (pasina zviratidzo) mutakuri weSalmonella typhi . Panguva yebasa rake somubiki, akawana vanhu 47 vane typhoid fever vasingazive uye akazopedzisira arohwa mushure mekunge aramba kuteerera nyevero kubva kune vehutano vehutano uye orega kubika.
Dutu rechirwere richiri kuitika kune vakawanda vanogara uye vanoshandira munzvimbo dzinoshandiswa mvura uye kuchengetwa kwetsvina hazvidziviriri kubva kune typhoid.
Izvi zvinogonawo kuva chirwere chinotorwa nevashanyi pavanenge vari kune dzimwe nyika. Inogona kupararira kubva pakudya zvokudya kana kunwa mvura kana zvimwe zvinwiwa zvine mabhakitiriya e-typhoid mavari. Ngozi yekutapukirwa inogona kuderedzwa nemushonga .
Zita Zita: Salmonella typhi ndiyo inowanzosiyana-siyana inokonzera Typhoid Fever. Mamwe mhando, kusanganisira Salmonella enteritidis kana Salmonella typhimurium , inogona kukonzera gastroenteritis (diarrhea) kana zvirwere zvinonzi typhoid.
Rudzi rwe Microbe: Gram-negative mabhakitiriya
Iyo inopararira sei
Salmonella typhi inogona kudururwa kubva kune vanhu vane typhoid fever, uyewo kubva kune vatakuri, avo vari vanhu vakadzoka kubva muchirwere asi vanoramba vachiendesa uye vachidurura mabhakitiriya mune zvimedu. Utachiona hunoitika kuburikidza nekuwedzerwa kwezvokudya kana zvinwiwa zvakasvibiswa neSalmonella typhi , kusanganisira mvura inoshandiswa pakunwa kana kushambidza kudya.
Ndiani ari pangozi?
Dutu rekushaya dutu rinowanzoonekwa mune dzimwe nyika dzisina kukodzera, kunyanya Asia, Africa, uye Latin America.
Anenge mazana mana anoitika gore negore muUnited States, iyo yakawanda iyo inowanikwa munguva yekufamba kwenyika. Munyika dzichiri kusimukira, vanhu vane mamiriyoni 21,5 vanobatwa gore negore. Kune chirwere chinogona kuderedza dambudziko iri.
Zviratidzo
Zvakakosha kutsvaka rubatsiro kana iwe une fever mushure mokufamba.
Izvi zvirwere zvinogona kukonzerwa nefivha yakakura ye 103 F kusvika 104 F, kurwadziwa mumimba, kuora musoro, kuneta, kurasikirwa kwechido. Chirwere chacho chinogona kutora nguva kuti ikure. Ikoko kunogona kuve nekuparuka kana kuvimbiswa. Panogona kuva nekukurumidza. Vamwe vanogona kunge vaine kupera kwemafupa avo uye chirwere chekuda. Zviratidzo zvinowanzodikanwa unyanzvi hwakadzidziswa kuti uzive.
Kuziva
Kuongororwa kunowanzoitwa pamagadzirirwo emasikirwo munyika umo Typhoid yakawanda. Izvi zvinoda chiremba ane ruzivo rwekutsanangura. Ropa kana chigaro chechigaro. Bhata marrow aspirate inosanganisira nzira inonyanya kukuvadza inoshandiswa kuongororwa.
Prognosis
Nemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya, zviratidzo zvinotanga kusununguka mukati memakore maviri kusvika kwemazuva matatu, uye chirevo chinowanikwa zvakanaka. Pasina kurapwa, fivha inogona kugara kwemavhiki kusvika kumwedzi, uye chirwere chacho chinouraya kusvika kusvika 20% yevanhu vanotambura.
Kurapa
Unofanira kutaura nachiremba wako kana mukoti nezvekurapa. Izvi zvinogona kuva chirwere chinotyisa. Inofanira kurapwa chero rubatsiro rwezvehupano runowanikwa. Antibiotic (Ceftriaxone trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, kana ciprofloxacin) inowanzopiwa. Izvozvo zvinorwisa mabhakitiriya zvingasashanda kunyange kana pane kushorwa kwaakagadzirirwa chirwere. Zvakakosha kutaura nemumwe chiremba.
Kusarudzwa kwemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya kunobva pane muenzaniso wemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya-nzvimbo iyo chirwere chacho chakawanikwa. Inogona kuda IV ma antibiotic uye kurapwa kwemavhiki maviri (kazhinji nekurapa nemishonga yemuromo kune zvizhinji zvekurapa).
Kudzivirira
Zvirwere zviviri zvinowanikwa muUnited States nokuda kwehupidhi feveridhi: chirwere chemuviri (Vivotif Berna) uye chirwere chinopindwa muropa (Typhim Vi). Kana uri kuenda kune imwe nyika iri kusimukira iyo typhoid fever inogona kunge iri dambudziko, ona mutapi wako wehutano kuti ave nechirwere kwevhiki 1 usati waenda. Kunyangwe iwe wakagara vachakemerwa munguva yakapfuura, chikwata chinogona kudiwa.
Mukuwedzera, ita tsika yakachengeteka yekudya paunofamba. Imwai chete mabhodhoro kana mvura yakabikwa, idyai chete inopisa, yakanyatsogadzirwa zvekudya, uye ingodya michero yakasvibirira nemiriwo iyo yose yakashambidzwa uye yakarongedzwa.
Iyo inokonzera sei zvirwere
Chero kubva kune imwe vhiki kusvika kune imwe mwedzi mushure mokunge Salmonella typhi ishandiswa, inopinda mumatumbo, inowedzera, uye inopararira muropa. Iyo bhakitiriya inokwanisa kupararira kune spleen uye chiropa, pavanowedzera kuwedzera, kupindazve muropa, zvichikonzera chirwere nekupararira kumuronda weguru uye kudzokera kumutsipa, uko kunokanganisa kwakanyanya kumatumbo kunoitika.
Zviratidzo zvefivhaidhi inofungidzirwa kuti inokonzerwa nehutachiona hwemasimba ezvirwere kumapurisa akawanda e lipopolysaccharide (LPS), iyo inotyisa yebhakitiriya. Zvirwere zvemuviri zvinosunungura mapuroteni anonzi cytokines ayo anoita kuti simba rinopesana rinopesana nemabhakitiriya. Kana kamwe mabhakitiriya achipinda muropa, zvirwere zvekudzivirira chitunha zvinopararira kune zvose maviri uye nhengo mumuviri wose uye zvinogona kuuraya pasina mushonga unorwisa mabhakitiriya.
Matambudziko
Mukuwedzera kune njodzi yekufa kana kuti hutachiwana hunopfuurira, mamwe mimwe mikana inogona kuitika yeSalmonella typhi chirwere chinosanganisira kuora kwechiropa, toxemia (mabhakitiriya ebhakitiriya muropa), myocarditis (kuvhiringidza marocardium mumoyo), uye mazamu emumakumbo angangoitika.
Sources:
Salmonella spp. USFDA Book Bug Bad. Nzvimbo Yezvokudya Kudzivirirwa uye Kudya.
Dutu remhepo. Nzvimbo dzeDaase Control uye Kudzivirira.
Salyers, AA uye Whitt, DD. Bacterial Pathogenesis. Nzira Yechechi. American Society for Microbiology. Washington, DC 1994. pp. 229-243.