MuUnited States, yakagara ichizivikanwa kuti, kunyange kana akarayirwa nezvezvibereko zvekutanga ma antiretroviral therapy (ART) , chikamu chikuru chevarwere vanokwanisa kurapwa vachachiregeredza. Ichokwadi, maererano neU.S. Centers for Disease Control uye Prevention (CDC) , yevane 902 000 vekuAmerica vakaonekwa vane HIV, 363 000 chete ndivo vakanga vachishanda paART muna 2012.
Izvo zvakanyanya kufungidzirwa kuti kusava nekugadzirira kushivirira uye / kana kunzwisisa kwaiva pamwoyo yezviitiko izvi. Zvisinei, chidzidzo chakaitwa muna 2013 neUniversity Hospital Zurich chakaratidza kuti kusada kutanga chirongwa cheART hachirevi kune varwere bedzi asi kuvanachiremba, zvakare.
Kudzidza, kwakaitwa munzvimbo 34 muEurope neAustralia, kwakaongororwa varwere vakange vaongororwa vane HIV uye vaive pasi pekuchengetwa kwechiremba kwemazuva zana nemasere. Pakati pevarwere vari muboka, 67% vakaonekwa kuti vanobva kune rimwe kusvika mana makore apfuura, asi 28% vakanga vaonekwa kuti makore mashanu kana kupfuura apfuura.
Pakati pevanyori vakaongororwa, 78% vaiva nemakore mashanu kana kupfuura emakore ekurapa kubata HIV, nepo 90% vaiva nevanopfuura makumi mashanu varwere vane HIV vane hutano hwavo.
Zvimwe Zvipingamupinyi zveHIV Kurapa
Ongororo yekare yakaratidza kuti zvipingamupinyi zvekurapa pakati pevarwere hwaiva piritsi yakakwirira yepiritsi uye yakakosha yezvido zvine chokuita nemishonga.
Chiremba kusadikana, panguva iyo, yaive yakakanganiswa nezvinhu zvakadai sokuramba zvichinja kurapa mazano uye kupikisa nyanzvi maonero e "nguva yakakodzera" yokutanga ART.
Nechizvarwa chemazuva ano chiri kuzvirumbidza pasi pepird burdens uye mashoma emigumisiro-pamwe chete neboka rekutarisa utachiwana hweHIV pamadhadhi eCD4 500 / mL uye pamusoro-izvo zvipingamupinyi zvinoonekwa zvichibviswa.
Pane kudaro, varwere nhasi vanoita sevasinganyatsocherechedzi zvinobatsira zvekurapa kwokutanga, apo vanachiremba vanofunga kuti vazhinji vevarwere vavo vanenge vasina kugadzirira kuzviita kurapwa, kazhinji vanonoka ART, kwete kwemwedzi, asi makore panguva imwe. Maererano neongororo:
- 47% yevarwere "vaisada kufunga nezve HIV."
- 50% yevaya vanokwanisa kurapwa vakati "vakanga vasati vakagadzirira," asi 33% vakaona "ambivalent."
Zvimwe zvikonzero zvakataurwa zvinenge "kusava kwezviratidzo" kana mafungire ekuti "Ndinovimba nemuviri wangu kunditaurira nguva yokutanga."
Kusiyana neizvi, vanachiremba vaigara vachirambidza chirongwa cheRIV kana kuti "havana kuziva murwere kwenguva yakakwana" kana kuti vakanzwa murwere "akaora mwoyo" kutanga. Kuwedzerwa:
- 93% yevanachiremba vakaongorora vaidavira kuti mazano ekurapa iye zvino akanga akakodzera kuvarwere vavo.
- Zvisinei, muitiro chaiwo wehupenyu, 51% chete yakatanga chirongwa cheART kune vane varwere vane CD4 nhamba pasi apa 500 masero / mL, asi 16% chete vakafunga kuti zvakakodzera kune varwere vane CD4 dzinopfuura masero 500 / mL.
Kuvhiringidzika kwemashoko aya kunongedzera zvinopfuura kungovhiringidza pakati pevatapi. Vanogona, chaizvoizvo, kuratidzira kusava nechokwadi kwevaya vakaona mirayiridzo inofamba mune imwe nzira munguva yakapfuura, kungozodzoka makore mashomanana gare gare apo migumisiro isingatarisirwi yakaonekwa.
Uyezve, kuonekwa kusakwanisa kukunda zvipingamupinyi zvinoratidza kuti mutauriro wepanyama maererano nekugadzirira kwevarwere hauna kuchinja kuti uratidze kuparadzwa kwe "hutachiona hweHIV" hwemazana makumi emakore adarika, umo kuzvigadzirisa kwemwoyo murefu kunowedzera kuparidzira kutarisira kwehutano. Kana izvi zviri izvo, zvinogona kungova nyaya ye "kutamba" kana vavadzidzisi vanoedza kupedza musiyano pakati pekliniki yehupi uye kliniki yekuita.
Nekuongororwa kweHIV ikozvino inokurudzirwa kune vose veAmerica vane makore 15-65-kwete kune avo vari mu "mapoka makuru" mapoka-inotarisirwa kuti kushorwa nemashoko asina kunaka anobatanidza neHIV nechisimbiswa.
Sources:
US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). "CDC Fact Sheet | HIV muUnited States: Matanho Ekutarisira." Atlanta, Georgia; yakabudiswa muna July 2012.
Fehr, J .; Nicca, D .; Goffard, J .; et al. "Zvikonzero Zvisingatangi Antiretroviral Therapy: A Multinational Survey pakati pevarwere uye vanonzi Physicians." European AIDS Clinicians Society (EACS) Musangano; Brussels, Belgium; October 16-19, 2013; Abstract PS11 / 1.