Vashandi vehutano, muUnited States uye kune dzimwe nyika, vanogona kunyanya kushandiswa kudhakwa zvinodhaka, zvidzidzo zvenguva pfupi zvinoratidza. Mumwe achidzidza kubva kuAustralia, somuenzaniso, akaratidza kuti, paavhareji, vashandi vehutano vanomwe vanofa gore roga roga kubva pane zvinodhaka zvinodhaka.
Panguva iyi, hurumende yeUnited States yakaongororwa yakawana kuti vanopfuura 168,000 vehutano hwehutano uye rubatsiro rwevamwe vashandi vanoita basa rekushandisa zvinodhaka gore roga roga.
Pakazosvika 2003 na2013, vatongi veAustralia vakaratidza 404 kuurayiwa kwezvinodhaka pakati pevashandi vehutano, uye vanachiremba vanoverengera 63 muzana yeavo vanofa uye vashandi vezvehutano kwe18 muzana.
Vatsvakurudzi vakaona kuti mishonga yemishonga yakawanikwa zvisinei nemutemo kubva kune vashandi vekushanda, zvichida nekuba kana kuti kuzvigadzirira. Vanoti zvinhu zvakasiyana zvinogona kukonzera vashandi vehutano kushandiswa zvinodhaka uye kufa kusati kwasvika, kusanganisira mabasa ekudzvinyirira, nguva yakawanda yebasa, uye kugadzirira kushandiswa kune zvinhu zvinodzorwa.
Nyanzvi dzakawanda dzinofunga kuti dambudziko rinokonzerwa nekubatana kwepamusoro - yepamusoro -kushungurudzika kwakabatanidzwa uye nyore nyore kugadzirwa kwemishonga.
Chikonzero nei kushandiswa kwechisimba kuri kuwedzera pakati pevashandi
Kuti arambe achijekesa izvi, Kent Runyon, Mutevedzeri Wekugadzwa uye Mutevedzeri weCommunity Relations kwaNoveus Medical Detox Center muFlorida, akagovera mamwe mafungiro ake pamusoro pekuwedzera kwekushandisa zvinodhaka pakati pevashandi vehutano.
(Novus Medical Detox Center inzvimbo yekurapa zvinodhaka inotarisira kubatsira ruzivo rwehutano hwehutano nezvehuwandu hwekudhakwa kwezvinodhaka mukati mevashandi vehutano uye vanokurumidza vashandi kuti vaitungamirire nayo kuburikidza nemarongerwo epurogiramu akazvipira kudzivisa kushandisa zvinodhaka nekupa kurapa kwakakodzera.)
Unofunga kuti nei uchifunga kuti kushandisa zvinodhaka zvakapararira pakati pevashandi vehutano? Kushandisa zvinodhaka zvakanyanya munzvimbo yose yevanhu, saka kunyangwe kuri kurova vashandi vedu vehutano pamwe chete hakusi kushamisika kukuru. Chimwe chikonzero chevashandi vazhinji vehutano ndiko kuwana kwavo mishonga yemishonga mishonga panzvimbo yebasa, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore, kunyange zvazvo zviine ngozi, kushandisa zvinhu izvi. Takangobata [chiremba] chiremba aive achiba Fentanyl kubva kubasa rake kuti awane kudhakwa kwake nemishonga.
Chii chingaitwa nemushandi wehutano kana akangobata waanoshanda naye kushandisa zvinodhaka? Nzvimbo imwe neimwe yebasa ichava nezvivako zvakasiyana-siyana zvekutaura nyaya dzakadai seizvi munzvimbo yebasa. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, mhinduro yakarurama ichave iyo inogona kureva kukanganisa kune musimiriri wepamusoro kana kurondedzera kunetseka kune mumwe munhu muDhipatimendi reHuman Resources.
Ndezvipi zvimwe zvezviratidzo kana mikana inogona kuitwa nehutano hwehutano angaratidza kana akadhakwa, kana kushandisa zvinodhaka kana doro?
- Kakawanda kunonoka kana kusanzwisiswa kusipo. Izvi zvinosanganisirawo kuchinja kana kuwandisa kwechimwe chezvishoma zvakatorwa
- Kusabatanidzwa pane--mabasa kushanda.
- Zvinetso zvemari.
- Vanowanzoitika zviitiko zviduku zvinokonzera kukuvadzwa zviduku kana zvinhu zvakaputsika.
- Zviratidzo zvisingawanzoonekwa mumuviri kana mufambiro (unsteady gait, hyperactive / manic chiitiko, kurasikirwa kwekukurumidza kamwe, zvinetso zvemazino, kupfeka masaga marefu pamazuva anopisa, nezvimwewo)
- Kusava nekusava nekufunganya pamusoro pechitarisiko chemuviri uye hutsanana.
- Moody uye zvachose shanduko mukupindura kwavo kumashoko anovaka uye mamwe maitiro ekukurukurirana kwebasa.
- Kusashuva kutaura pamusoro pezvinhu zvinokuvaraidza, hupenyu hwemhuri, kana zvido zveunhu pachake kune mumwe munhu aive mberi.
- Nhamba dzezasi dzekubudirira mangwanani; kunyengera kusinganzwisisiki paunotanga kuparidzira kushanda
- Maziso eropa, kana zvikwama pasi pemeso zvinoratidza kusashaiwa kwehope.
- Kuchinja mune zvekugarisana nevanhu pamwe chete nevashandi pamwe chete. Zvinonyanya kukosha, kusisashandisa nguva pazororo kana shure kwemaawa nevashandi pamwe chete.
Chii chingaitwa nevashandirwi vehutano kuti vaderedze dambudziko iri kumabasa? Vashandi vanofanira kuchengeta mitemo yakasimba yepamishonga yemabasa, pamwe chete nemabasa akanaka zvakadai sekuongororwa kwezvinodhaka, dzidzo yevashandi, uye Vashandirwi Vokubatsira Purogiramu (EAP). Kuwedzerwa, vashandi nevatungamiri vepamusoro vanoda kushanda nekuchengetedza huwandu hwekuchengeteka nekuzvidavirira kwezvinhu zvinodzorwa. Dzorera chero njodzi yokuti mukoti kana chiremba anogonazve kutungamirira [pharmaceuticals] kuti ashandise pachedu.
Kunyatsoongorora
MuUnited States, mushumo wekupedzisira pamusoro pekushandisa zvinodhaka nemashandisirwo akaenzaniswa nedzimwe nyaya dzakabatana kubva muna 2003-2007 uye 2008-2012, uye dzakawana nhamba yehutano hwehutano uye hwehutano hwevamwe vanoita mumwedzi akapfuura kushandiswa kwezvinodhaka zvisina kukodzera kubuda kubva kubva pachiyero che164 600 kusvika 168 400 pagore. A USA TODAY nyaya yekutsvaga yakaratidza kuti 1 muvatatu vanozogumburwa nekushandisa zvinodhaka kana doro pane imwe nguva muupenyu hwavo.
Chii chinoita kuti chiito ichi chive pamusoro pezvo, ndechokuti vashandi vehutano vanochengeterwa kutarisira vamwe, nepo vazhinji vezvechiremba vanoda kurapwa kwakasimba pachavo.
"Vashandi vehutano vanotarisirwa kuita basa rinokosha pakutsanangura nekurapa varwere vane zvinetso zvekushandisa zvinodhaka. Asi zvidzidzo zvinoratidza kuti vazhinji vavo vari kurwisana ivo pachavo kurwisana nemishonga uye kuvimba, "akadaro Will Wesch, Mutungamiriri weAdmissions nokuda kweNoveus Medical Detox Center. "Ava ndivo vanhu vasinganzwisisi njodzi yekushandisa zvinodhaka uye kusashandisa zvisina kunaka, saka chokwadi chekuti vakave vagozvipupurira zvinoratidza kuti hakuna munhu ane simba rekushandisa zvinodhaka kana kuvimba."
Kunyange zvazvo kushandisa zvinodhaka mumashandiro ezvehutano zvingave zvave zvisiri kukanganwa kana kuti zvisingatauri, Wesch anoti madhiramu anozivikanwa seNetflix nhepfenyuro mukoti Jackie akawedzera kukurudzira nyaya yacho, asi nhau dzezvenhau dzakaratidza kuti zvinogona kuitika. Somuenzaniso, imwe nyanzvi yezvipatara yakawanikwa ichizvirwisa nemishonga yevarwere uye ichizadza sirinesi ne saline inofungidzirwa kuti yakatakura vanopfuura 45 varwere vane hepatitis.
"Kurapa zvinodhaka pakati pevashandi vehutano kunogona kuva nemigumisiro yakaoma kuvarapi nevarwere zvakafanana," akanyevera Wesch. "Ndosaka zviri muvashandi zvakanakisisa kuva nemapurogiramu nemitemo yekubata nemhando idzi dzenyaya vasati vatungamirira kune zvinouraya. Vatungamiri vanofanira kunge vari kutarisa vashandi zviratidzo zvekunetseka uye kushanda zvakanyanya, uye kupa hutano hwehutano hwemagariro ekudzivisa vashandi kubva 'kuzvidzora' kuti vatarisane nemitemo yemabasa avo. "
Chirango Chinoitwa
Kuwedzera kumatambudziko emamiriro acho ezvinhu ndeyekuti vazhinji vashandi vehutano vanoziva kuti basa ravo rinogona kuderedzwa nekushandisa zvinodhaka . Chirango chekuranga chinogona kusanganisira reisensi kusimirirwa kana kubviswazve kunze kwekunge uye kusvikira apora. Kunyangwe kana chiremba , somuenzaniso, achikwanisa kubudirira kupedza kurapwa kwekusvuta kana kushandiswa kwezvinodhaka, reisiti kusimidzika inoramba iri pane zvinyorwa zvake, kushanda sebhokisi rekundu kune vashandi venguva yemberi. Izvi zvingaita kuti vashandi vehutano vasave vachitsvaka kubatsirwa mukuedza kuviga dambudziko. Kunyangwe zvakadaro, dambudziko rekushandisa zvinodhaka kakawanda rinowanzopedzisira rinosangana nemunhu anenge achikuvadza, asi kwete kusvikira mushure mekunge zvakanyanya kukuvadza kune vose vanobatanidzwa: varwere, vashandi pamwe navo, uye munhu anotambudza pachake, kana iye pachake.
Saka, Wesch anopawo vashanduri kupa uye kukurudzira kuwanikwa kwezvirongwa zvekurapa zvinodhaka pane kungovimba chete nemitemo yekutonga. "Kana vashandi vezvehutano vanotya mabasa avo, vangangovanza pfuma yavo pane kutsvaka rubatsiro. Saizvozvowo, vashandi vangave vakakodzera kuvhara vashandi vavanofunga kuti vanoshandisa zvinodhaka nekuti havadi kuti chero munhu apiwe, "akatsanangura kudaro. "Apo vashandi vanotsigira zvinodhaka zvemishonga uye maitiro ezvinoshandiswa, zvinogona kukurudzira vashandisi kuchenesa. Inopawo nzvimbo yekuchengetwa kwehutano mukana wekuwanazve munhu akazvipira uye ane ruzivo pane kuti ave nekugadzira uye kudzidzisa kudzokera. "
> Sources:
> Pilgrim, Jennifer L .; Rhyse Dorward; uye Olaf H. Drummer. "Mishonga-Yakakonzerwa Nekufa muVanoripharia veAustralia uye Utano-Vanodzidzisa"; Addiction; November 20, 2016. onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/add.13619/full
> Bush, Donna M. naRachel N. Lipari. Bhuku reChHSQ: Nyaya Dzakashandiswa uye Zvishandiso Zvokushandisa Dhiyabhorosi neMashini; Kushungurudzwa Kwemishonga uye Mishonga yehutano Zvehupfumi Kutarisira, Chirongwa cheKutarisana neHutano hwehutano nehutano; April 16, 2015.
> Scott, Sophie naDr. Norman Swan. "Chidzidzo Chinoratidza Kuwedzera Kwemaitiro 'Okufungidzira' Kufa Kwemishonga Inokonzerwa Nezvinodhaka Pakati Pevachiremba"; Bhuku reAustralia Broadcasting Corporation; November 20, 2016.
> Eisler, Peter. "Vanachiremba, Vanachiremba paMishonga Inodhaka Vaisa Mishonga Pangozi"; USA TODAY; April 17, 2014.