B-cell, iyo inonziwo B-lymphocyte, inoratidziro yeropa rega rega rinoita basa guru pakudzivirira muviri wako kubva kune utachiona. Pasina B-masero, muviri wako hauzove wakakosha pakurwisa mabhakitiriya akawanda kwazvo uye mavairasi; uye iwe unenge usiri kushaikwa kwenguva refu ye "memory anti-antibody" inoshanda iyo inofanirwa pashure pokunge yadzoka kubva kune hutachiona kana mushure mekudzivirirwa kune mumwe munhu anopinda muropa.
B-masero, akafanana nemamwe masero machena eropa, anomuka kubva kune hematopoietic stem masero anogara mukati memafupa emasese, zvikurukuru mune mamwe mapfupa akafanana nehap bone ne vertebrae. Aya masero anoita ropa anokwira kuB-masero kuburikidza nemakakatanwa ematanho. Mushure mokunge vakura, B-masero aripo muropa rako uye mune dzimwe nhengo dzomuviri wako zvakadai mumakirini ako.
Kune miviri miviri mikuru ye lymphocytes: T-seli, uye B-seli. Paunenge uine chirongwa cheAIDS cheAIDS, mubhuku re laboratori unowana kukwira-pasi kwemarudzi akasiyana-siyana emasero eropa uye zvikamu, kusanganisira lymphocytes, asi hapana kusiyana kwekuti lymphocytes chii T-seli uye izvo zviri B- masero.
Zvinonzi B-Misiri Anoita Muviri Wakanaka
Basa guru re B-masero rinobatanidza kupindura kwemuviri kune vanopinda kune dzimwe nyika kuburikidza nezvinozivikanwa semusununguko wehuori. B-masero anoitwa "anoshandiswa" paanosangana nemaitiro ekunze, sekune dzimwe nyika kune dzimwe nyika kunze kwemakiriniya epakitiriri panguva yeutachiona.
Mukupindira kune utachiona hwakadai, B-masero anokwanisa kusiyanisa mumasero e plasmasi-mishonga yemuviri inoshandisa mafirini. Masero eplasma anobudisa mapuroteni makuru anonzi immunoglobulins, kana antibodies, anonamatira kune dzimwe nyika. Izvi zvinopesana nemasikirini zvinoshumira semiragi, kana mahara pamusoro penzvimbo yehondo, kana uchida; vanochera mamwe mamolekisi ekuchengetedza muropa kusvika kune nzvimbo, vachishanda kuuraya kuuraya muviri.
Zvinoratidzawo mamwe masero ezvirwere zvemuviri, uyewo, kurwa hondo kune muvengi. Vanoita basa guru muzvirwere zvemuviri, izvo zvinochengetedza muviri kurwisa utachiona. Ichi chikamu chekuchengetedzwa kwezvirwere chinonyanya kuvimba nemasikirini anonzi inonzi immoral immunity. Mutsigiri wehutachiona hwemusunungura ndiyo masero-medived immunity.
Maitiro E-Masepi Anotipa Simba Rokudzivirira
Rimwe jaya B-cell, rinonzi B-cell risina maturo, rinopinda muropa remvura, kazhinji rinopedzisira riri munhare kana lymph nodes. Inogadziriswa ne antigen, iyo inogona kuva chinhu chipi nechipi icho muviri unofunga kuti chiri kunze, sechikamu chetachiona, kana chigamba chebhakitiriya chekucheka sutu. T-masero anowanzobatanidzwa mune izvi. B-cell inotanga kuchinjwa kuva plasma B-cell, iyo basa rakanyanyojeka kuti iite mashoma-inobereka ma antibodies anofanana neanopinda musimba-kusvika kune zvuru gumi zvemazana masendimusi pamusi.
Rimwe nerimwe plasma B-cell inogadzira antibodies kune imwechete antigen. Izvo chaizvo. Nenzira, kune mamiriyoni emuviri wedu kuitira kuti tikwanise kurwisana nemhando dzakasiyana siyana dzehutachiona. Muhupenyu hwose hwe B-cell, inogadzira izvi zvinopesana. Vanogara zvikuru muine spleen uye lymph nodes kubudisa kunze zvirwere.
Zvimwe zveB-cell zvinoshandiswa zvinova chiyeuchidzo B-masero, anogara kwenguva yakareba mumusepa, maronda nemaronda.
Vanorangarira antigen ivo vanonyatsotaura uye vakagadzirira kupindura nokukurumidza kana vakaiona zvakare. Aya ndiwo masero anotipa simba rekuchengetedza kwenguva refu kune vakasiyana.
Paunopora mishonga, chirwere chinoshandisa maitiro anokurudzira B-masero kuti abudise zvirwere zvinoshandura hutachiona kana mabhakitiriya ari kurwisa. Izvi zvinofananidza zviri kuitika mumuviri wako kana iwe uine utachiona hwehutachiona, asi pasina njodzi imwechete yechirwere chinokonzerwa nechirwere. Nemhaka yokuti B-masero ane nguva refu, vanogona kubudisa zvirwere zvinorwisana nemakemikari kwemwedzi nemakore, vachikupai nguva yekudzivirira.
Shoko Rinobva
Dzimwe nguva plasma B-masero anounza zvirwere zvinorwisa maantijeni ari pamasero edu, kana kuti autoantibodies, uye izvi zvinogona kuva chikamu chezvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana zvinokonzerwa nemaronda , zvakadai se rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, multiple sclerosis, uye type 1 chirwere cheshuga. Izvi ndezviitiko zvekudzivirirwa kwezvirwere zvezvirwere zvinorwisa hutano hwakanaka kuti huve nechirwere.
B-masero anogona kuchinjwa kushanduka kuva asingagumi lymphocytic leukemia , acute lymphoblastic leukemia , uye mamwe marudzi e- lymphoma . Zvirwere izvi zvinowanzoitwa B-cell kanzira, zvisinei kuti chei chaiyo iyo inova kanha inogona kuva yakakura kana kuti yakawanda; mune mamwe mazwi, sero rinopa kuve nekenza rinogona kunge riri pedyo nemafomu uye rinoshanda kune chaiyo B-cell, inopesana zvakanyanya kufanana nehutachiona-hunogadzira sero iro raizopedzisira raita kuti riwedzere kune rimwe revanhu B, kana riine utano.
Sources:
> Minnich M, Tagoh H, Bönelt P, et al. Multifunctional role of the transcription factor Blimp-1 mukugadzirisa plasma seki kusiyana. Nat Immunol. 2016 Mar; 17 (3): 331-43.
> Julie Tellier, Wei Shi, Martina Minnich, Yang Liao, Simon Crawford, Gordon K Smyth, Axel Kallies, Meinrad Busslinger, Stephen L Nutt. Blimp-1 inodzora plasma sejeri basa kuburikidza nekugadzirisa kwekudzivirira kwe immunoglobulin uye mapuroteni anobuda. Nat Immunol. 2016; 17 (3): 323-330.
> B Cells uye Antibodies, Molecular Biology yeSec. 4th edition. Copyright 2002, Bruce Alberts, et. al.