Ganda rinoumbwa nezvikamu zvitatu:
- epidermis
- the dermis
- the hypodermis (inozivikanwawo semashuga )
Iyo epidermis (iyo yakakwirira yeganda) ndiyo inokosha inoshandisa mhando yedu yeganda, asi dermis (iyo yakadzika yepakati) inobatanidza mishonga, misoro yevhudzi, uye glands zvinosuruira zvinobatsira kutonga kuvimbika nekupisa kweganda redu. Iyo yakadzika hypodermis inoumbwa nemafuta uye kunyange zvakanyanya kufungidzira mishonga.
Mukati epidermis, kune zvikamu zvina zvakakura zvemasero (anonzi keratinocytes) anopa ganda mararamiro aro, pamwe chete nehumwe hutete hwakananga kune zvigadziro nemichindwe. Keratinocytes mukati memukati epidermis inotanga kuparadzanisa mucheka wepasi, kusundira masero akave akaumbwa mukati memusoro wepamusoro. Sezvo masero achienda kumusoro, zvishoma nezvishoma anobata uye anofa.
Stratum Basale
Icho chikamu chepasi che epidermis chinonzi stratum basale. Iyi mhete ine mutsara mumwe wemakoratinocyte akafanana nemakorani anonzi basal cells. Aya masero anoramba achiparadzanisa uye achibvisa masero akave akaumbwa achienda kunzvimbo yeganda. Sezvo masheji e-basal ari kuenda kumativi ekumusoro, anobva apera, apera, uye anoteurwa kuti awane nzvimbo yemasero matsva.
Melanocytes , masero anounza melanin (iyo pigment inopa ganda rako ruvara rwayo), inowanikwawo mune ino.
Stratum Spinosum
Simba re spinosum rinongova nechepamusoro pezvinyorwa zvepasi uye zvinongoda kusvika mashanu kana gumi masero mashoma. Maseji anotamira kune spinosum layer (iyo inozivikanwawo kuti prickle cell kana squamous cell layer) zvakasikwa morph kubva pakusangana kwaro kwemavara kusvika mune polygonal (multi-side) imwe.
Maseji ari munharaunda iyi ane basa rekuita keratin, mapurotini ane fibrous anopa ganda, vhudzi, uye misumari kubwinya kwavo uye kusagadzikana kwemvura.
Stratum Granulosum
Masero ari mu stratum granulosum, kana granular layer, akarasikirwa nuclei uye anoita semasero akavharidzirwa ane masikati macumps e-cytoplasmic. Pane zvakawanda zvekuita mune izvi zvakasara se keratin mapulotini uye lipids zvinoshanda pamwe chete kuti zvive mazhinji masero anotarisira ganda rekudzivirira reganda.
Stratum Lucidum
Icho chinyorwa chinonzi lucidum cherecheche chinongowanikwa chete mucheka rakanyanyisa rezvimiti nemichindwe. Basa rayo guru nderokudzikisa kupesana pakati pe stratum corneum ne stratum granulosum. Zita racho pacharo rinouya kubva muchiLatin nokuda kwe "chidimbu chakajeka," chinotsanangura kuve pachena kwemasero pachavo.
Stratum Corneum
Masero ari mu stratum corneum layer anonzi corneocytes (kana kuti horny masero). Aya masero akafukidzwa uye anoonekwa seakafa. Iyo yakaumbwa zvikurukuru yekeratin protein, corneocytes inopa simba rakasimba kune stratum corneum asiwo inobvumira kunwa mvura. Dzinoshanda senzira inobudirira kune chero mishonga inogona kukuvadza masero mhenyu ari pasi payo.
Pedyo-Yakakwirira yeStratum Corneum
Chimiro che stratum corneum chinogona kutarisa nyore, asi chinoita basa rinokosha mukuchengetedza maitiro ekuvimbika uye hydration yeganda. haisi kungosimbisa kupfuurira kwekugadzirwa kwemasero matsva eganda asi kunoita kuti muviri uve nekudzivirirwa kunorwisana nemavirusi, mabhakitiriya, marasita, uye chero ipi zvayo yepathogen kana chepfu.
> Source
- > Kolarsick P .; Kolarsick M .; uye Goodwin, C. "Anatomy uye Physiology yeGanda." Nyaya yeDermatology Nurses 'Association . 2011; 3 (4): 203-213.