Gore roga roga, kufambira mberi mune zvose mushonga uye teknolojia kunotungamirira kune nzira itsva uye dzinofadza dzekugona kurapa leukemia uye lymphoma uye kubatsira kutarisira avo vane kare kana kuti vari kurwara. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, kufambira mberi kwakadaro kunongova kungovandudzika pamagadzirirwo aripo, asi vamwe vanomiririra zvekupedzisira mu smart tech uye mamwe maitiro ayo ari kururamisa futuristic.
Izvi zvinotevera kufambira mberi zvina kuongororwa neukweukemia uye lymphoma kuchengetedza yakabva kune zvakasiyana-siyana zvekutsvaga muna 2017.
1. Injectable Rituximab
Rituximab , laboratori-yakagadzirwa monoclonal antibody, yava imwe yemakona emakona emishonga kune vamwe vasiri Hodgkin lymphomas. Lymphomas inogona kuiswa mumapoka maviri, Hodgkin uye kwete Hodgkin, kana NHL.
Rituximab yakaratidza inoshandisa zvimwe zvekuratidzwa kwemaviri emhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzeNHL :
- Follicular lymphoma
- Kuparadzira B-cell huru NHL (DLBCL)
Rituximab zvakare yakaratidza kushandiswa mune zvimwe zvikamu zvezvirwere zvinotevera:
- Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
- Rheumatoid arthritis
- Wegener granulomatosis
- Microscopic polyangiitis
- Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP)
- Pemphigus vulgaris
Mutengi WeTethered
Nezvose izvi zvinoshandiswa zvakasiyana, uye ne rituximab iyo yakakurumbira kurapwa muNHL, vanoita zvinodhaka vave nemeso avo pa rituximab kuti vaone kana ichingashandurwa kubva mune chirwere chinonzi intravenous (IV) kune chinogona kupiwa sepfuti.
Kana iwe wakambove uri murwere achida mishonga yeVV, iwe unoziva kukwidza kwekushandura ichi chirwere kune chimwe chinhu chinogona kupiwa sepfuti.
Kana rituximab inopiwa mukati, iwe unosungirirwa nehombodo iri muvharo rechina, uye sarudzo dziri pamakumbo ane bhagi rayo rinokurumidza kuva "wako unobata pamwe" kwemaawa mashoma kana kupfuura.
Kazhinji izvi zvinogona kureva kuti, kana iwe uchida kuenda kuimba yekugezera, unofambisa 'shamwari yako' pamwe newe. Dzimwe nguva, kunogona kugumbura kubata uye alarm inonzwika ichibva kumichina IV apo uri kuedza kuverenga, tarisa TV kana kungotora pfungwa dzako. Kune varwere vanobata nekenza yeropa, maawa akawanda ekutengesa kwakadai angave ari mumabasa, saka chero chinhu chinobatsira kuderedza mutoro uyu chinowanzogamuchirwa.
The New Solution
Iyo itsva inogadziriswa inokanganisa isanganiswa ye rituximab uye chinhu chinonzi hyaluronidase, chinobatsira kununura mishonga pasi peganda. Chibvumirano cheUnited States chinotarisirwa zhizha 2017, uye chakatozobvumirwa muEurope. Kana ichipiwa pasi peganda, inogona kutarisirwa mumaminetsi mashanu kusvika ku7, ichienzaniswa neawa nehafu kana kupfuura yevraximab rituximab. Tsvakurudzo dzinoverengeka dzakaratidza kuti kuumbwa patsva kwe rituximab kunowanikwa pasi peganda kwakachengeteka uye kunoshanda pamwe nekwakagadzirisa rituximab, zvichiita kuti zvikamu zvakafanana zvechirwere muropa. Iyo injected version yakagamuchirwa muEuropean Union kubva muna 2014. Kana FDA ichibvuma, IV rituximab icharamba iripo kune varwere veAmerica.
2. Computer Algorithm yeAlute Myeloid Leukemia
Hazvingave zvakanaka here kana vanachiremba vachigona kuziva kuti ndiani angangodzokororazve mushure mekurapa uye ndiani angangopinda mukuregererwa?
Zvakanaka, vatsvakurudzi vakabhadharwa neNational Cancer Institute, pamwe nemamwe masangano akawanda, vari kushanda kuita izvo chete, vachishandisa makombiyuta.
Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Chirwere chinonzi myeloid leukemia (AML) chirwere chekenza yeropa umo masero masero eropa asingazivikanwi anowedzera nokukurumidza mumapfupa emapfupa uye anopesana nekugadzirwa kwemasero eropa. Kune machina mana makuru eukemia-maviri akaoma, kana kuti anokura nokukurumidza eukemias, uye 2 asingagumi, kana kukura zvishoma nezvishoma. AML ndiyo inonyanya kuoma , kana kuti kukura nekukura nokukurumidza kweukemia kune vanhu vakuru. AML ndiyo yechipiri inowanzokanganisika neukemia muvana, uye chirwere chinokonzerwa neukemia, kazhinji, ndiyo kenza yakawanda kwazvo yehucheche.
Dhiyabhorosi Inozivikanwa
Kuita kuti kuongororwa kweAml kunoda kuziva zvibereko zveimwe huongorori huongorori, kunze kwezviratidzo nezviratidzo zvechirwere chinogona kuvapo. Izvi zvinowanzobatanidza chimwe chinhu chinonzi flow cytometry, nzira yekuverenga nekugadzira zvinyorwa zviduku mumvura; munyaya iyi, masero eukemia uye mararamiro avo, mapuroteni uye mapuroteni-complexes zvinogadziriswa sezvikamu zvemasero. Kucherechedza deta kubva pakuyerera kwe cytometry kunogona kuva nguva inopedza.
Pinda: Smarter Computers
Vanotsvakurudza kubva kuYunivhesiti yePurdue neRoswell Park Cancer Institute vave vachishanda pamashini-kudzidzira kombiyuta yegoridhi iyo inogona kubatsira mune izvi, uye vanofunga kuti inokwanisa kubvisa ruzivo kubva kune data iri nani kupfuura vanhu.
Kudzidzira magetsi kunoreva bazi reyunivhesiti inoshandisa makombiyuta kukwanisa kuwedzera pane mamwe mabasa akarongwa kana kuongorora kuburikidza ne "ruzivo," pasina kunyatsorongwa kuti zviite saizvozvo. Dare racho rakaratidza kuti rakakwanisa kushandisa dhitometry deta data kuti ifanotaura chiitiko chemuviri uye pakati pe 90 ne100 muzana yakarurama.
3. Kusvuta Kucheka Kuti Udzokezve
Hafu yevashandi vose vane Hodgkin lymphoma uye yakasiyana zvikuru B-cell lymphoma (iyo yakajairika kupfuura yeHodgkin lymphoma) ichadzokerazve uye inoda kurapwazve. Zvichipa iyo nhamba, nguva yakareba sei varwere ivavo vanofanira kuongororwa kuti vave nechokwadi chokuti kenza haina kudzoka?
Sei Usingaverengi? Zvakachengeteka Kupfuura Tsitsi, Zvakarurama?
Kana zviratidzo zvekufungidzira zvisingagoni kuonekwa zvakare zvinodzoka zvakare, kana pasina zviratidzo, uye kana izvi zvichivandudza kuponeswa kwevarwere vakadai, izvo zvingava chinhu chakanaka, asi kune dzakawanda mhinduro isina mhinduro munzvimbo ino.
Pamusoro penyika, zvinoratidzika sekuti ingadai iri pfungwa yakanaka kune vanhu vakamborapwa nekuda kwezvirwere izvi kuti vawane nguva dzose, kuti vaone kuti kenza haina kudzoka. Izvi ndezvechokwadi, asi kune rumwe rutivi rweiyo equation, iyo mikoko inotevera iri kubva kune yakadaro inoisa mungozi yekusimudzira chechi yechipiri. Iwe haungatendi vanhu vari pangozi yakanyanya yekudzoka, avo vane chirwere chakanyatsotsvaga nekurapa kwakagadzikana, kuiswa pasi pisingatarisirwi kuongororwa kwemaitiro, kuisa pachena kune mazairo, kutarisa kudzoka kunogona kusamboitika. Chimwe chikonzero ndechokuti zvipo zvenhema zvinoitika. Maererano nekuongorora kwechangobva kuitika, chikamu chinokosha chevarwere chinofanira kutarisana nenhema-positive results results, iyo inowedzera kushungurudzika uye kupindira mune zvekurapa.
Vanotsvakurudza kubva kuEmory University uye kubva kuMayo Clinic munguva pfupi vakabudisa mhinduro kubva pakudzidza kwavakaita kuti vaongorore mamwe emibvunzo iyi. Vakatarisa basa rekucherechedza-imaging pakudzokororazve uye kuongorora kuchinja kwaro kuhupenyu hwevanhu vakadzoka zvakare neHodgkin lymphoma kana DLBCL kwete Hodgkin lymphoma. Kazhinji, vakaona kuti nzira dzekufungidzira dzemazuva ano hadzioni kuti dzakawanda dzinodzokazve mberi kwechirwere chezviratidzo uye zviratidzo kana kuti kuvandudza kupona.
Kuziva Dambudziko Rakakwirira
Izvozvo zvakati, havasi vanhu vose mumapoka akaongororwa muchidzidzo ichi vakanga vari pangozi imwechete yekudzoka zvakare. Saka, izvo zvinomutsa mubvunzo, mapoka emakirini akakura zvakakwana ngozi yekudzokororazve kuti kubatsirwa kwekugara kwekuongorora kuongorora kunogona kupfuurira nezvengozi? Vatsvakurudzi vakaona kuti zvidzidzo zvinotarisa mberi zvinotarisa zvinodiwa kuti zvione kana kushandiswa nguva dzose kwekudzokazve kunogona kubatsira kana ukasarudza varwere vakarurama kuverenga, avo vanonzi "vanhu vakasarudzwa zvikuru."
Kubva ikozvino, boka iri revatsvakurudzi rakanzwa kuti rinonzwisisika kune varwere vane DLBCL uye vanozivikaniswa nehuwandu hwehutachiona-kusanganisira International Prognostic Index (IPI) ye 3 kusvika ku5-kutarisa matanho pane mumwe munhu mushure mekukurukurirana nezvengozi uye kubatsirwa uyewo kuziva kuti kuonekwa kwokutanga kwekudzokazve hakuve kwakanyatsoratidzwa kuti kunovandudza kupona.
4. Nano-CAR-T Therapy
Kune vanorwara vane kenza yeropa uye vadiwa vavo, pane kunyanya kufara pamusoro peC CAR-T cell therapy. Nhepfenyuro mitsva inosanganisira CAR-T cell therapy inoratidzwa kakawanda, inoratidzika zuva rimwe nerimwe.
Nezve CAR-T Makero
T-masero ndiwo rudzi rwemusununu rwemusununguko urwo isu tose tine mumiviri yedu. Zvinonyanya kuzivikanwa seT-lymphocytes, rudzi rwechichena cheropa. T-masero ane zvinyorwa pamatenga avo, anonzi T-cell receptors, kana TCRs. Aya maTCR anosungira maantijeni kune vanopinda kune dzimwe nyika kana kuti zvimwe-kutyisidzira masero, sekenza masero, achibatsira muviri kuisa mhinduro dzekuzvidzivirira mumuviri, kurwisa dambudziko.
Apo T-masero ari kushandiswa kwekenza yeCAR-T yechirwere, inotanga kuunganidzwa kubva kumurwere wega pachake. Zvadaro, mu laboratori, ma-T-cells akashandurwa kuti agadzire zvakagadziriswa zvakagadziriswa pamusoro penzvimbo inonzi chimeric antigen receptors, kana kuti CAR, dzinokwanisa kusunga kune dzimwe mapuroteni epamusoro emamwe masero emukenza. Aya ma-T-cells ane maCAR avo anogona kutungamira kune kenza sekuparadzwa, kana vadzoserwazve mumurwere.
Nanotechnology Inosangana neC CAR-T Cells
Chimwe chezvimwe zvinokonzera kushandiswa kwechirwere ichi kune mishonga yemurwere inoda kukohwa, yakagadzirwa kunze kwemuviri, uye yobva yatumirwa zvakare kana pane nhamba yakakwana yekuita basa. Hazvingave zvakakosha here kana iyo ingano yekugadzira ingagadzirwa pamasero ako nekukurumidza, zvichida nemichina yekugadzira michina? Icho ndicho chikonzero chekushandiswa kweanotechnology mune iyi shanduro. Nanotechnology pano inoreva kushandiswa kwemichina ine microscopic kuti ipe zvibereko mukati memuviri.
Vatsvakurudzi veFred Hutchinson Cancer Centre munguva pfupi yapfuura vakaratidza kuti nanoparticle-yakarongwa nemasero emuviri anokwanisa kujekesa kana kuderedza kukura kweukamuu hwemahara mu laboratori yavo yehutachiona. Icho "uchapupu-hwe-hunhu" tsvakurudzo inokosha danho rokutanga, uye zvakagadzirwa zvakabudiswa mu "Nature Nanotechnology." Dr Matthias Stephan, mutsvaga muboka iri, akanzi "Sayenzi yedu ndiyo yekutanga yatinoziva kuti inokurumidza kuronga chirwere-kuziva maitiro mumasero T pasina kuvabudisa kuti vashandise ma laboratory."
> Sources:
> Genentech. Dare rekupa mazano reDAA rinokurudzira kubvumirwa kweGenentech's subcutaneous rituximab kune mamwe marariya eropa.
> Stanford Medicine. Computer algorithm inofanotaura chigumisiro chekurwisa kweukwepa.
> Cohen JB, Behera M, Thompson A, et al. Kuongorora maziso ekufungidzira kwekupararira kweB-cell lymphoma uye Hodgkin lymphoma. Ropa. 2017; 129: 561-564.