Nezvizhinji zvekuyeuka kwekudya zvatinoona munharaunda yanhasi, vazhinji vedu tine ruzivo rwevanhu vanowanzova E. coli uye salmonella . Zvisinei, kusvibiswa nebhakitiriya listeria monocytogenes kunogonawo, saka iwe unoda kuziva nezvazvo zvakare.
Listeria zvirwere (listeriosis) zvinoitika kana munhu adya zvokudya zvakasvibiswa ne listeria monocytogenes mabhakitiriya.
Inowanikwa kakawanda mumhuka inoshandiswa yakafanana nembwa dzinopisa uye zvokudya zvinopisa (zvose zvakagadzirwa kare uye pamusana wepaini), zvinyoro zvinyoro uye fodya yegungwa. Mukaka wakajeka kana usina kushandiswa uye zvigadzirwa zvakagadzirwa nawo zvinowanzo zvine listeria. Vanhu vazhinji vane hutano vanodya zvokudya izvi havangagoni kuwana listeriosis kunyange kana chigadzirwa chacho chakasvibiswa.
Ndiani ari pangozi
Vanhu vazhinji vane hutano vanodya zvokudya zvakasvibiswa neListeria monocytogenes havangararami. Vamwe vangave vane zviratidzo zvishoma asi vazhinji vedu havazombozvizivi. Zvisinei, pane mamwe mapoka evanhu avo vanogona kunge vakanyanyiswa zvakanyanya nema bhakitiriya aya.
Avo vari pangozi yakawanda vanosanganisira:
- Vakadzi vane pamuviri: Vakadzi vane mamiriyoni makumi matatu nematatu vanoita kuti vawane listeriosis kupfuura vanhu vose. Inenge imwechete mumatanhatu yakasimbiswa zviitiko zve listeriosis mukadzi ane pamuviri. Listeriosis inogona kukonzera zvinetso zvakakomba panguva yekuzvitakura.
- Vacheche vatsva: Vana vanozvarwa vacheche vanobvumirana nekisteriosis apo vanamai vavo vanodya zvokudya zvakasvibiswa. Zvirwere zvinogona kukonzera kutyisa upenyu.
- Avo vane Utachiona hweMusununguko Hwakadzikama: Vanhu vakaisa maitiro ezvirwere zvezvirwere zvezvirwere, kenza, chirwere cheshuga, kudhakwa, chiropa kana chirwere chepfungwa kana AIDS vari pangozi yakawanda yezvinetso kubva kune listeria zvirwere. Vanhu vane AIDS vanowanzokwanisa kuve nehuwandu hwehutachiona hwemarenda kupfuura huwandu hwevanhu.
- Vakwegura Vakuru
Zviratidzo
Zviratidzo zveListeriosis zvinotanga nezviratidzo zvemimba zvakadai sezuva uye maronda. Zvisinei, kana ichiongororwa, zviratidzo izvi kazhinji zvakateverwa ne:
- Fever
- Muscle Aches
- Headache
- Stiff neck
- Kusanganiswa
- Kurasikirwa kweyero
- Kushungurudzika (seizure)
Vakadzi vane pamuviri ndevamwe veboka rakanyanya kuisa pangozi yeListeriosis uye zviratidzo panguva yekuzvitakura zvakasiyana kune ivo. Vakadzi vane pamuviri vanovandudza listeriosis vanogona kuona zvirwere-zvirwere-asi zvirwere zvinogona kutungamirira kune:
- Kusununguka
- Stillbirth
- Kutanga kutangira
- Utachiona hwehupenyu huri mucheche
Treatment Options
Listeria zvirwere zvinorapwa nemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya. Munhu wose ari pangozi yakanyanya yeListeriosis inosangana nemararamiro ane chirwere chemuviri mukati memwedzi miviri yekudya zvokudya zvakasvibiswa (panguva yezvirwisana zvinozivikanwa) inofanira kutsvaga kurapwa.
Listeriosis inogona kukonzera rufu, kunyange kana ikarapwa. Zvinenge zvose zvinokonzerwa neListeria zvinosangana kune avo vari pangozi yakawanda.
Kudzivirira
Nzira yakanakisisa yekudzivirira utachiona hwekurwara ndeye kushandisa zvakakodzera kuchengeteka kwekudya kwezvokudya.
Shamba Maoko Eko: Kushambidza maoko ako zvakakwana paunenge uchigadzira zvokudya uye usati wadya zvakakosha pakudzivirira chero rudzi rwekudya kwekudya.
Ivai Nechokwadi Kuti Zvokudya Zvako Zvakanyatsogadzirwa uye Zvakanyatsogadzirwa : Zvokudya zvisina kunyorerwa uye mishonga yakasviba ndiyo inonyanya kukanganisa mukuparadzira listeria. Kuita kuti uve nechokwadi chekushambidza zvibereko zvako zvose nemiriwo (kunyanya izvo zvisingagoni kubikwa) uye kubika zvikafu zvose kune zvakakwana kutsika kunokosha. Kunyangwe kana zvibereko zvichanyatsoiswa, zvinofanira kugezwa kutanga. Chengeta zvokudya zvakasvibirira uye zvakabikwa zvakaparadzana uye usaisa zvokudya zvakabikwa pakucheka mapuranga kana ndiro dzakachengetedza nyama yakasvibirira.
Nyama inofanira kubikwa kusvikira kupisa kwavo kwemukati kuchisvika:
- Nyuchi: 165 degrees F
- Nzombe: 145 degrees F
- Nguruve: 145 degrees F
Ground inofanira kubikwa kusvikira yakasviba yose uye mukati mekushisa kwemukati kune inenge 160 degrees F (nyuchi, pork, veal, uye gwayana) kana 165 degrees F (turkey uye chicken).
Chengetedza Zvinyorwa Pakuvhenekera Kwakakodzera: Kuchengeta zvokudya pahutano hwakanaka zvakakosha pakudzivirira kukura kwaListeria monocytogenes . Firiji inofanira kuchengetwa pasi pe40 degrees F uye mafiriji pasi pe 0 degrees F. Zvisinei, listeria inogona kukura pane zvimwe zvokudya kunyange mufiriji.
Kunyanya Kuchengetedzwa Kwevaya Vari Pangozi Yakakwirira: Nokuti listeriosis inogona kunge yakaoma zvikuru kumakwikwi akaipisisa sevakadzikadzi vane pamuviri, zvakanakisisa kudzivisa zvimwe zvokudya zvakakwana.
Iko CDC inokurudzira kuti avo vari mumapoka akakanganisa vasaidye imbwa dzinopisa, kudya kunodya, kupora kunotonhora kana masikisi kunze kwekunge vatsamwa kusvika kudarika 160 degrees F musati vashumira. Usaidya cheeses rakaderera zvakadai se feta, brie, kana queso blanco kunze kwekuti zita racho rinotsanangura kuti rakagadzirwa nemukaka usina kuputika. Usadya firiji yakasvibiswa nehove yakadai selokisi kana kuti yakasvuta saalm kunze kwekuti inosanganiswa mune imwe ndiro yakagadzirwa kana inoshandiswa mune rafuti-yakagadzikana pechipfu pane pane firiji yefriji kana chikamu. Usadya firiji nyama inopararira kana kuti paté (inotengeswa muchikamu chefriji kana cheku) iyo isiri yakachengetedzwa.
Sources:
"Tsanangudzo" Listeriosis (Dambudziko reListeria) 07 Oct 11. US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
"Vanhu Vari Pangozi" Listeriosis (chirwere cheListeria) 31 Jan 12. US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
"Kuchengetedza Kusinganwi Kudhirira Kutsigira" Chengeta Zvokudya Zvakachengeteka. FoodSafety.gov. Dhipatimendi reUnited Health Health and Human Services.
"Kudzivirira" Listeriosis (Dambudziko reListeria) 17 Gumiguru 11. US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
"Kurapwa nemigumisiro" Listeriosis (utachiona hweListeria) 27 Sep 11. Nzvimbo dzeUnited States dzeDaase Control and Prevention.