Kana uri kufamba, usakanganwa marariya meds yako
Gore roga roga, anenge ma700 mahara emarariya anonzi kuUnited States, maererano neCenters for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Chirwere ichi, chakambove chaparadzwa, chakadzoka sechikonzero chevaya vaifamba vachibva kune dzimwe nyika.
Nhasi, vafambi vanogona kutora matanho kuburikidza nokutora mishonga yekudzivirira malaria-prophylaxis. Vafambi vanofanira kuona chiremba werapi yeprophylaxis vasati vaenda.
Malaria chirwere chakakomba. Inogona kunge inokonzera vanhu vanopfuura mamiriyoni mazana maviri pagore pasi rose, zvichiita kuti vanhu vanopfuura 600 000 vafe.
Vashandi vezvoutano vacharamba vachipa zvinodhaka zvakasiyana-siyana zvichibva pakuenda kunzvimbo. Izvi zvinosanganisira: Malarone, Doxycycline, Chloroquine, Mefloquine, uye Primaquine. Rimwe nerimwe rinoshanda zvakasiyana. Vamwe vanoshanda pane zvakasiyana-siyana zvePlasmodium inokonzera marariya ( P. falciparum , P. vivax , P. ovale , P. malariae , P. knowlesi). Zvimwe zvinetso hazvigoni kune mamwe mishonga. P knowlesi iri kuwedzera kuva dambudziko mukati mekuMalaysia.
Marariya akawanda muUnited States anobva kuAfrica, kunyanya kuWest Africa. Nyika inonyanya kusarudzwa iyo malariya inowanikwa nevafambi veUnited States, zvisinei, India. Chirwere chacho chinowanikwawo mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzeLatin America, China, Indonesia, nedzimwewo. Nyika dzingave dzisina malaria mukati rose; nzvimbo dzakakwirira, magwenga, nguva dzinotonhora, uye zvirwere zvekuparara kwemarariya zvinogona kuchengeta marariya.
ICDC inopa ruzivo rwevashandi vehutano nezvemishonga ipi inoshanda munyika imwe neimwe.
Heano dzimwe dzedzidziso dzenhema dzinopfuurira ngozi kune malaria:
Nhema 1: Ndinogona kungotora mishonga kana ini ndichirwara.
Malaria chirwere chinouraya. Falciparum malaria inogona kukonzera nokukurumidza zvirwere zvakakomba nekurasikirwa kwekuziva, kugumburwa, kunetseka, kushaya mafungiro, kuoma kunetseka, kana kurohwa.
Kunyatsotarisirwa kunogona kureva zvakanyanya kuitika, zvinogona kureva rufu.
Mishonga inofanirwa kuenderera mberi dzimwe nguva kusvikira vhiki ina mushure mokudzoka. Kunyange kana iwe uchinzwa zvakanaka, unogona kutanga mavhiki emarariya, mwedzi, kana kunyange gore gare gare. Mishonga haifaniri kumira. Zvinogona kuva zvakaoma kuwana rubatsiro uye kurapwa kweutano kunoda malaria. Zviri nani kushandisa prophylaxis pane kutengesa kurwara chaiyo.
Nhema 2: Ndinogona kutanga mishonga pandinoenda ikoko.
Mamwe mishonga yemarariya inofanira kutorwa kwevhiki imwe chete kusvika maviri asati asvika. (Mefloquine, Chloroquine)
Nhema 3: Kwakatotanga kutanga mishonga. Ndiri kubva nokukurumidza.
Mimwe mishonga inogona kutanga imwe kwemazuva maviri tisati taenda. (Doxycycline, Malarone, Primaquine)
Nhema 4: Ndakanga ndava nemarariya kare, ndichave ndakanaka.
Kungova nemarariya kamwe chete kana kaviri haisi kusimba utachiona.
Mushure mekuwanda kwezvirwere munguva dzehuduku, vamwe vanowedzera hutachiona husina kukwana, asi hutachiona hunofungidzirwa hunofanirwa kana munhu achisiya nzvimbo yemalaria uye asingadzokerizve kuderedza zvirwere. Vamwe havana malaria akakwana nguva yekuwedzera hutachiwana hwakakwana uye saka vari pangozi zvisinei.
Kunyange avo vane majini anovadzivirira kubva kumarariya anogona kugona kuwana marariya, yakadai sevanhu vane sickle cell.
Nhema 5: Ndiri kuenda kumba, saka ndichave ndakanaka.
Hafu yemhosva dzemarariya muUnited States ndeyevaya vakadzokera kunyika yavo yekubva uye vakashanyira shamwari neshamwari. Kutanga uye yechipiri-chizvarwa chekuenda kune dzimwe nyika vari pangozi yakanyanya. Kunyange avo vanova nechido chekuzvidzivirira pamusana pehuduku vachava pangozi.
Nhema 6: Ndinokwanisa kushandisa marariya meds zvandaive kune imwe nzvimbo.
Nzvimbo dzakasiyana dzinoda mishonga yakasiyana. Dzimwe nzvimbo dzine zvinodhaka zvinodhaka. Dzimwe nzvimbo dzine marudzi akasiyana siyana anoda mishonga yakasiyana.
Nhema 7: Migumisiro yechirwere haifaniri kukosha.
Kana iwe uri kuzova pangozi chaiyo ye malariya, iyo mishonga inokosha chaizvo.
Marariya inouraya vanhu vanopfuura 600 000 pagore. Izvozvo zvinotyisa zvakashata zvekusatora mishonga. Kana uchida mishonga, unoda mishonga. Kusiyana kwemishonga kune zvakasiyana nemigumisiro yakasiyana. Chimwe chezvinhu zvinokonzera migumisiro chave chichirongwa uye zvimwe zvinetso zvepfungwa uye zvepfungwa zvinosanganiswa ne mefloquine. Izvi zvinogona kudzivirirwa zvikuru nekutora mamwe mishonga, iyo isingabatanidzi. Chloroquine kazhinji haina kufanana nemishonga yemapfungwa.
Mimwe mishonga inogonawo kuenzaniswa nedzimwe migumisiro. Doxycycline inogona kukonzera kukurumidza kupisa kwezuva uye matambudziko emimba. Primaquine idambudziko kune avo vane G6PD inoshaya. Zvimwe zvinokanganisa zvinodhaka zvinogona kudziviswa nokusarudza mishonga yakasiyana. Iyo mishonga ndeyekuti, kakawanda, yakasiyana chaizvo. Zvimwe zvinokonzerwa nemumwe hazvirevi nemigumisiro yemamwe madhiragi. Kurukura nachiremba wako mungozi yemarariya uye mushonga unowanikwa iwe kuti uite chisarudzo chakanaka.
Nhema 8: Mishonga ichaita kuti ndiratidze.
Kune marapirwo akasiyana-siyana emarariya uye zvakasiyana-siyana. Mefloquine, kunyanya, inogona kukonzera nervous system kuchinja uye hutano hwepfungwa. Vamwe vanowanzosangana nemigumisiro yezvepfungwa kubva kune chloroquine. Mimwe mishonga inogona kutorwa kana ichi chiri kunetseka.
Nhema 9: Handizoiti mamiriyo anocheka.
Vakawanda havaoni kuti vangani vanorumirwa vanahwo. Insect repellant chete haigone kudzivirira zvose zvinoruma. Munzvimbo dzine malaria yakakwirira, izvi zvinogona kuva nengozi. Zvisinei, zvipembenene zvinodzora ne DEET, kurara pasi pemabhedha emabhedha uye mahwindo ewindo, nekudzivirira madziva maduku emvura achiri kubatsira.
Nhema 10: Malaria meds haigoni kutorwa panguva yekuzvitakura.
Chaizvoizvo, marariya yakaipa zvikuru panguva yekuzvitakura. Kune mishonga inogona kushandiswa seprophylaxis pakuzvitakura.