Lassa iri kupararira muNigeria
Chii chinonzi Lassa Fever?
Zviratidzo zveLassa zvinoudza Ebola. Izvo zvose Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers. Ivo vose vari kuWest Africa. Asi Lassa, chirwere ichi vashoma vakanzwa nezvazvo, chakaita kuti vakawanda vafe pamusoro pemakore gumi apfuura.
Munhu mumwe nomumwe ane utachiona hweLassa haazofa. Lassa, kunyange zvakadaro, inouraya vanhu vakawanda; inokonzera zvakawanda.
Lassa, inofungidzirwa, inotungamirira ku 5000 vakafa pagore uye pakati pe 100,000 kusvika 300 000 zvirwere gore, gore negore.
Inofungidzirwa kuti inotungamirira kurufu mu1% chete avo vane utachiwana, kunyange zvazvo mazita aya angaratidza kuti pane zvirwere zvakawanda (kana kuti vashoma vashoma kana kufa kwepamusoro).
Zvepamutemo, Ebola inonzi yakakonzera kufa kwevanhu 11,300 uye kutapukirwa kwema 28 600 kubvira munaDisemba 2013 kusvikira munaDisemba 2015.
Chii chinonzi Lassa?
Zvichida kuWest Africa, kwaunowanikwa, vanhu vakawanda vane utachiona hweLassa havanzwisisiki. Vazhinji (80%) vane zviratidzo zvishoma: firiji shoma, kuneta, kuora musoro. Ndiwo mamwe 20% ane zvimwe zviratidzo zvinotyisa. Zvinogona kubuda ropa (mucosal - gums, mhuno), zvakanyanya mimba / pfupa / marwadzo shure, kusvetuka, chirwere chemashuga, kuputika kwemaziso, conjunctivitis , mapuroteni mumuguta, zvichida kuvhiringidzika (uye encephalitis), kudengenyeka. Kushungurudzwa kunogona kuitika. Vamwe kurasikirwa kunowanikwa mu 1/3 yeavo vane zviratidzo. Avo vane chirwere chakakomba vari pangozi yekufa. Inenge 1% yakawanda yakafa.
Vaya vari muchipatara vane mikana yakakura yekufa - nokuti vangangodaro vakanga vachirwara kuti vauyiswa kuchipatara kana kuti vangave vane huwandu hwekutsvaga.
Inenge 15-20% yezvipatara varwere vanofa. Varwere vazhinji vane dambudziko rokuwana kutarisirwa uye dzakawanda zviitiko hazviwaniki, kunyange kana vane zviratidzo.
Kune dzimwe nguva zvirwere, izvo zvinowona huwandu hwekufa kwepamusoro-kusvika ku50%, sezvo hutachiona uye hutachiona hwacho huchiwedzera.
Vakadzi vane pamuviri vanowanzofa.
Vakadzi vane pamuviri mumatatu avo vatatu vari pangozi. Kuberekwa kwavo kazhinji hakugoni kuberekwa kurarama; 95% hazviiti.
Where is Lassa found?
Yakatanga kuongororwa mune imwe yakanzi Lassa muBoodo state, Nigeria. Yakatanga kuonekwa muna 1969 apo vanamukoti vaviri vemamishinari vakafa nayo.
Iko zvino yava kuwanikwa muNigeria, Sierra Leone, Liberia, neGuinea. Mamwe mashoma matambudziko akataurwa kumaodzanyemba kweMali, kumaodzanyemba kweBurkina Faso, Ghana, neCôte d'Ivoire. Zvirwere zvehutachiona kune hutachiwana zvakaonekwa kuvanhu vari muTogo neBenin, iyo inomutsa mubvunzo kana iripo (asi mishonga inogadzirisa zvirwere zvisingagoni kuregwa nguva dzose).
Chipatara cheSierra Leone chakava chipatara chekutanga cheEbola muna Kenema chaiva chipatara cheLassa. Mune zvimwe zvikamu zveLiberia neSierra Leone, zvinogona kuva dzakawanda zve10% -16% yezvipatara varwere vane Lassa.
Unowana sei Lassa?
Lassa Fever inokura masvondo matatu mushure mekutsvaga. Kuvhiringidzika kunowanzoenderana ne "multimammate rat" ( Mastomys natalensis ). Izvi zvisingatauri zvakananga kumata; hutachiona hunogonawo kuvepo nekuda kwekudzivirirwa kumakumbo emakumbo, urini, kana saliva. Nzvimbo iyo Lassa inowanikwa ndiyo nzvimbo iyo rato rinowanikwa.
Ko Lassa inogona kupararira mune zvipatara here?
Lassa inogona kupararira muchipatara.
Inogona kupararira kana kudzivirirwa - kufanana magirazi uye nguo dzisina kushandiswa. Haisi kupararira nyore nyore seEbola mune zvipatara. Kukurukurirana nemafuta emumuviri kunodiwa kuti ipararire. Inogonawo kupararira netsitsi kana kuti kana zvipatara zvisingawanikwi zvakanaka kana mushure mekushandisa kana kubatisa muchero. Kudzokorora kwakadaro kwezvokurapa kunogonawo kuitika kunze kwezvipatara, zvichiita kuti zvipararire.
Dr Khan, uyo akaurayiwa neEbola mushure mekunge achishanda chikwata cheLassa uye gare gare Ebola unit paKenema General Hospital, akanga atora nzvimbo yake mushure mekunge chiremba wekare afa kubva kuLassa. Chiremba wekare aiva nechirwere chekushaiwa kubva kune murwere weLassa.
Pane mushonga here?
Ribavirin, chirwere chinoshandiswa nemishonga, inoshandiswa. Inonyanya kubudirira kana ipiwa kare. Haisi mushonga chaiwo wehutachiona uye haisi mushonga mushonga wose.
Kunyanya kurapwa kunosanganisira kutarisira kutsigira-kuita kuti varwere vechokwadi vave hydrated uye vadyidzwe, apo vachipa oksijeni nemamwe mushonga sezvinodiwa.
Kuzadzirwa kwema fetus kana mucheche kunoratidzika kuvandudza hutano hweamai vane pamuviri.
Ribavirin yakashandiswawo se-post-exposure prophylaxis. Zvisinei, zvichange zvakaoma kuti tive nekunyatsodzidza kubudirira kwayo.
Izvo zvinoonekwa sei?
Kuongororwa kwakavakirwa kuongororwa kwePCR kana kuti zvirwere zvekare zvinoshandiswa.
Zvinogona kuva zvakaoma kuziva Lassa kuchipatara. Kuongororwa kuchava kutanga kuburikidza nemararamiro, murwere wemwoyo murefu, uye shamwari. Zviratidzo zvisinei zvingave zvisinganyatsozivikanwi uye zvinogona kufungidzirwa kuva imwe febrile chirwere, kufanana nemarariya kunyange.
Kuwedzerwa kukwidza nyaya kunokosha. Kuderera muhurukuro kunobatanidza nekuwedzera kufa.
Pane chirwere here?
Hakuchina mushonga.
Izvi zvinoratidzwa muUnited States here?
Pakupedzisira nyaya yeUnited States yaiva munhu akadzoka kubva kuLiberia kuenda kuNew Jersey neLassa. Kuongorora kwacho kwakanonoka pasinei nekuongorora nzira nekuda kwekuenda Ebola kupera panguva iyoyo.
Ndeipi utachiona ndeyeLassa?
Lassa inonzi isnavirus, Genome Yaro inosanganisira 2 isina kubatana RNA zvikamu.
Inofungidzirwa kuti hutachiona hunogona kunge hwakaguma nekuchinja kwemajeni evanhu akapfuura nomunharaunda yeLassa-yakavhiringidzika, kufanana nemamwe mazamu ezvishoma anokonzera kuoma kwemarariya zvakapfuurirwa pamwe chete.Kakave nekuve nekushanduka kwakasiyana mune izvo zviwanikwa Lassa inotakura, sezvo hutachiona hwaedza kuvhara mauto ezvirwere zvemuviri.
Kune mamwe maasnaviruses here?
Kune dzimwe dzakawanda dzine hutachiona hwemafivha (HF) arinaviruses muSouth America: Junin (Argentine HF), Machupo (Bolivian HF), Guanarito (Venezuelan HF), Sabia (Brazilian HF), Chapare virus (muBolivia)