Vana vane Autism May Miss Inokosha Kubudirira Zviitiko Zvikuru
Chiitiko chikuru chinoita chiratidzo chekufananidzira kwevana vana. Vana vanosvika mazana ematambudziko makuru ekubudirira pakati pekuzvarwa nekukura. Mavambo ekutanga anosanganisira kushamwaridzana kwevanhu, kufambisa, nekugara. Gare gare zviitiko zvinosanganisira kutora mutauro, hutano, hutano, uye unyanzvi hwepfungwa, uye mano eunyanzvi.
Vana vane autism vanoda kutadza kusvika pamatambudziko avo ekufambisa panguva dzakakodzera.
Asi kutaura uku ndiko kudarika kukuru kwechokwadi nokuti:
- Vakawanda vevotisi vanovhura matanho ekutanga ekubudirira panguva kana kutanga, asi vanorasikirwa nepasi.
- Vazhinji vevana vane mavhisi vanosvika kune imwe yenheyo dzavo dzekusimudzira panguva kana kutanga, asi kusvika kune vamwe nguva kana kwete.
- Vamwe vana autistic vanosvika zvimwe zvezvinhu zvavo zvakakurumbira zvishoma nezvishoma asi vasvika kune vamwe zvisingaiti.
- Vana vane autism vanogona kuonekwa kuti vanowana unyanzvi hunokosha-asi chaizvoizvo havagoni kushandisa unyanzvi iwoyo mumamiriro ezvinhu chaiwo enyika.
- Vana vazhinji vane autism vane izvo zvinonzi "hutsika" unyanzvi, hunogona kuva hwakanyanya zvikuru asi husingabatsiri muupenyu hwezuva nezuva.
- Vana vane chiremera, kunyanya vasikana vari kushanda-shanduka, dzimwe nguva vanogona kuvanza kana kukurira kumwe kunonoka kukura.
Neine mhedziso shomanana, hazvishamisi vose vabereki nevadzidzisi vanogona kuwana zvakaoma kuona bhurusi, kunyanya mudiki kana vana vakanyanya zvikuru.
Pane, zvisinei, maitiro mashomanana ekubudirira anowanikwa uye anooneka kana mwana ari autistic.
Chii Chinokurudzira Zvikuru?
ICDC inoparadzanisa matanho ekufambira mberi mumapoka: kufamba / muviri, kunzwisisa, mutauro / kutaurirana, hutano / hutano. Vanonyora zvikamu zvakananga zvekubudirira kwezera rimwe nerimwe, kutanga nemwedzi mumwe uye vachifamba vachiri kuyaruka.
Kunyange zvazvo vachiita kuti zvive pachena kuti vana vangave vasisviki chero chinhu chinokosha pane zvakajeka makore akarondedzerwa, vanopawo kuti vabereki vanochengetedza ziso kuti vaone kuti mwana wavo ari pedyo kana kuti ava pedyo nevakawanda.
Vazhinji vana vane autism vanoongororwa pavanenge vachiri vaduku-kazhinji nezera remakore matatu 3. Heino mutsara wakareruka wezviitiko zvakakosha zvevana vemakore matatu kubva kuCDC:
Social and Emotional
- Kopa vakuru neshamwari
- Kuratidza rudo kune shamwari pasina kukurudzira
Inotendeukira mumitambo
Rinoratidza kushushikana nekuchema shamwari
Anonzwisisa pfungwa ye "yangu" uye "yake" kana "hers"
- Rinoratidza huwandu hwemamwe manzwiro
- Inoparadzaniswa nyore nyore kubva kuna amai nababa
- Ungagumburwa nehukuru huri muitiro
- Mipfeko uye kunoderedza kuzvidzora
Mutauro / Kutaurirana
Inotevera mirayiridzo nematanho maviri kana matatu
Unogona kutumidza zvinhu zvinowanzozivikanwa
Anonzwisisa mashoko akadai se "mukati," "on," uye "pasi"
- Inotanga zita, zera, uye zvepabonde
Anoti shamwari
Anotaura mazwi akadai "Ini," "ini," "isu," uye "iwe" uye mamwe akawanda (motokari, imbwa, makate)
Anotaura zvakanaka zvakakwana kuti vasingazivi vanzwisise nguva yakawanda
Anotanga kukurukura achishandisa mutsara 2 kusvika ku3
Kuchenjerera (kudzidza, kufunga, kugadzirisa matambudziko)
- Inogona kushandiswa mapeji nemabhatani, mbambo, uye mafambiro ari kufamba
- Inotanga kuita-kutenda nemapuranga, mhuka, nevanhu
- Anopedza puzzles nemapande matatu kana mana
Anonzwisisa kuti "maviri" zvinorevei
- Inonyora denderedzwa ne penisi kana krayoni
- Inochinja mapeji ebhuku rimwe chete panguva
- Inovaka shongwe dzinopfuura 6 mabheji
- Zvikwangwani uye unscrews jar lids kana kushanduka musuo wesimbi
Movement / Physical Development
- Inowedzera zvakanaka
Anomhanya nyore nyore
- Pedal tricycle (bhasikoro 3)
- Anofamba uye achidzika matanho, rimwe rutsoka pane imwe nhanho
Kana Kushaya Kubudirira Zvikuru Zvingaita Kukurudzira Autism
Kune zvikonzero zvakawanda nei vana vachikanganwa matanho ekubudirira. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, hapana chikonzero chaicho chekufunganya. Ndiko nokuti:
- Vana vakasiyana kubva kune mumwe uye, nenzira yega, vanokura pamitengo yakasiyana.
- Vana vanozvarwa nguva isati yasvika vanogona kukanganisa zviitiko asi vanowanzobata.
- Vakomana vanowanonoka kukura kupfuura vasikana, asi nguva dzose vanobata.
- Vana vazhinji vakanyanya kutarisa pane zvimwe zviitiko zvavanokwanisa kutadza vamwe. Semuenzaniso, mwana akanaka kwazvo mumuviri anogona kusvika pane zvakakosha zvemuviri uye shure kwekunge apinda mumagariro evanhu.
- Matambudziko ekurapa okutanga anogona kunonoka kubudirira-asi vana vakawanda vanogona kubata kune vezera ravo.
- Zvimwe zvinetso zvinogadziriswa, zvakadai sekuoma nekunzwa, zvinogona kuderedza kukura kwekutanga asi hazvina zvingakonzera kukura kwenguva refu.
Saka vabereki vanofanira kuve nehanya nei nezve autism? CDC inopa mhedziso shomanana yemibvunzo inofanira kuunza mapegi matsvuku .
- Haikwanise kushanda zvidhori zvinoshandiswa (zvakadai semapuranga, mapeji akajeka, kushandura muto)
- Haitauri mumitauro
- Haanzwisisi mirayiridzo iri nyore
- Hazvina kutamba kuzvifananidza kana kuzviita-kutenda
- Haadi kuda kutamba nevamwe vana kana nevana
- Haiti kutarisa maziso
- Anoshandisa unyanzvi hwaaimbova nawo
Kunyange zvazvo nyaya idzi dzichigona kuva zviratidzo zve autism, zvisinei, zvingasava. Autism inowanzoitika apo vana vane zvinhu zvinopfuura chimwe chezviitiko izvi kana kuti vane zvimwe zvine chokuita nehutano hwevanhu / hwemhepo kana hutano.
Sei Kutarisa Kubudirira Kwezvinhu Zvikuru zveVidism Zvinogona Kunyengera
Dzimwe nguva, vana vane autism vanoshaya matanho akawanda uye vanove nekujeka uye pachena kwekukurumidza kunonoka. Kazhinji, zvisinei, zvakashata zvakakosha zvinogona kuvhiringidzika kana kunyange zvisingaonekwi. Izvi ndezvokuti vana vane autism havangori kunonoka; vanodzidza uye vanoita zvakasiyana kubva kune vezera ravo.
Mukuwedzera, autism haigoni kuonekwa pachena kubva pakuberekwa. Vana vazhinji vane autism vanowanzogara kwenguva yakareba uye zvadaro kunonoka, kukura idiosyncratically, kana kuti kugadzirisa zvakare. Nemhaka yeizvi nyaya, zvingava zvakaoma kutarisa autism kungoona kutadza kwekufambira mberi kwakashata.
Pano muenzaniso wekuti autism inogona kuita kuti zvive zvakaoma sei kutarisa matanho akajeka mumunhu ane makore matatu.
Johnny ane makore matatu. Akazvarwa panguva yakazara uye akazadzisa matanho ake ose kuburikidza nezera rechipiri. Ane mazwi akawanda emashoko, mamwe acho masayenzi aya ari pamusoro pemakore matatu ane makore. Anokwanisawo kutaura mitauro yakasiyana-siyana yakadai se "Ndinoda jisi," kana "cookie inotanga naC" Johnny anogonawo kuverenga makumi maviri. Kubva pane tsanangudzo iyi, zvinonzwika sokuti Johnny ari kuita zvakanaka, uye akawana uye akapfuura zvizhinji zvekutaurirana kwake uye zviitiko zvekuziva.
Asi Johnny ari maviri akajeka uye autistic. Somugumisiro, akabata mutsara mitauro mitatu-shoko kubva kuTV. Kana iwe ukanyatsoteerera, uchaona kuti haasi kupindura kune mamiriro ezvinhu chaiwo munguva ino. Pane kudaro, ari "kudzokorora" hurukuro kubva kuSesame Street, nenzira yakangofanana nemutauro sematauri ari kuratidzwa. Anogona kuverenga makumi maviri, asi apo chete paanenge achidaro nenzwi rimwechete se "Count" kubva paTV.
Kana ichiedzwa, zvinova pachena kuti Johnny haagoni kugadzirisa zvakare mazwi emazwi ekuumba mutsara. Anokwanisa kungotaura pamusoro pevarinosaurs paanenge achidzokorora zvinyorwa kubva pamagwaro. Uye kana achikwanisa kudzokorora nhamba yake, haagoni kuverenga zvinhu.
Zvinogona kutora vabereki vaJohnny kwenguva yakareba kuti vaone kuti Johnny's unyanzvi hwemutauro hauna kunonoka-asi idiosyncratic. Vadzidzisi vangafunga kuti iye anonyatsoziva-uye, zvechokwadi, iye ndiye anonyatsogadzirira mune dzimwe nzira. Vasati vaona chero nyaya dzinokosha, vanhu vakuru muhupenyu hwaJohn vangada kuona mamwe matambudziko anomuka, zvakadai sekuoma neunyanzvi hwokutamba, kuonana kweziso, kana kushamwaridzana kwevanhu.
Maitiro Ekuti Kutadza Kwechokwadi Kunogona Kuvhiringidzwa kana Kuvanzwa
Vamwe vana vane autism vane kukanganisa kwakanyanya kwekuziva, maitiro ekuzvibata, kana "muviri" zvinokonzera (kubvongodza kana kuputika) izvo zvinoratidza pachena kuti chimwe chinhu chakaipa. Asi vazhinji vana autistic vane nguva shomanana kana dzinyoro kunonoka, matambudziko, kana kushorwa. Kana zvakadaro, kukurumidza kukura kunogona kunge kwakaoma kuona.
Heano maboka mashomanana evana vane kukurumidza kunonoka kunenge kusingaoneki kusvikira hukama hwevanhu, hwepfungwa, kana hukuru hwekukurukurirana huchiwedzera kuwedzera (kazhinji pashure pemakero 1 kana 2):
- Vasikana : Autism kazhinji inokonzera vana kuti vanyarare, vafambidzana, uye vashoma kuti vasimudze maoko kana kutaura. Vanogona kuonekwa se "dreamy" kana kusatarisa. Maitiro aya anokodzera mumasikana kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzenyika. Nokudaro, vasikana vechi autistic vasingatauri matanho ekufambira mberi vanogona kupfugama pasi pe radar. Vanowanzonyorwa se "kunyara uye kunyarara," uye, zvichida, kwete kubwinya kukuru. Zvinogona kutora nguva yakareba kuvabereki nevadzidzisi kuona zvimwe zviratidzo.
- Vana vane ruzivo runoshamisa kana unyanzvi hunopera . Vana vashomanana vane autism vanopenya kwazvo kana vane unyanzvi hunoshamisa huri kure nemakore avo. Semuenzaniso, vamwe vana vane autism vanogona kugadzirisa puzzles akaoma, vaverengere pazera duku, kana kuratidzira maitiro anonakidza, mimhanzi, kana unyanzvi hwekombiyuta. Vangadaro vakave vafambira mberi mumashoko avo munzvimbo dzakakosha. Kana izvi zvikaitika, vabereki nevadzidzisi vangave vasina kuona kuti mwana mumwe chete anogona kukwanisa kuoma yakaoma mashekeri haakwanisi kutamba nemafungiro kana kubata bhora.
- Vana vane vanun'una vane tsitsi kana vezera. Mune dzimwe mhuri uye mudzidzi, makoma kana vanin'ina vanonzwira tsitsi vanogona kuvhara vamwe autism. Izvi zvinoshamisa vana vanozvitora ivo pachavo kuti vadzidze kunzwisisa mavhesi avo uye kutaura kwavari. Kunyange zvazvo izvi pasina mubvunzo zvine mutsa uye zvine hanya, ihwowo chimiro chekubvumira izvo zvinogona kuita kuti zvive zvakaoma kuziva izvo mwana we autistic anogona chaizvo kuzviitira iye oga.
- Vana vevabereki vane unhu hwevhisi. Hazvisi zvisiri izvo kuvana vane autism kuva nevabereki vanogona kuongororwa nepamusoro ekushanda autism kana kuti avo vanonzi "mumvuri" maitiro e autism. Kana izvi zvikaitika, vabereki vanogona kuona vana vavo sevanokura-kazhinji-kana kuti se "chips kubva kubhuku rekare." Zvinogona kunyanya kuoma kuti vabereki ava vaone mwana wavo achinyorwa autistic, sezvo zita racho rinogona kushandiswa nyore nyore kwavari zvakare.
Zvinotarisirwa Nevabereki
Kana iwe uchifunga kuti mwana wako ane kukurumidza kunonoka uye anogona kunge ari autistic, tora matanho . Kumbira chiremba wevana vako kuti aone mwana wako kuti anonoke , achinyanya kukoshesa mune zvekugara, kutaurirana, uye unyanzvi hwepfungwa.
Kana mazwi ako asina kururama, hauna kurasikirwa nechinhu kunze kweawa ye nguva uye mutoro wekuzvidya mwoyo. Kana mwana wako akaita, zvechokwadi, kukura kunonoka kuti watora chiito nokukurumidza uye unogona kutarisira kukurumidza kuwana zvigadziro uye zvirongwa zvinogona kumubatsira kuti akurire matambudziko ose.
Pasi pepamusoro, iwe hauna chinhu chaunorasikirwa nacho uye zvose zvinowanikwa kuburikidza nokutora chiito nokukurumidza!
> Sources:
> Harrison, Pam. Dzakavandudzwa Matanho eAvism muvana. Medscape Education Education Clinical. CME. Released: 11/14/2012.
> Semrud-Clikeman M, et al. Kuenzanisa pakati pevana nevana vane autism spectrum disorder, kusingazivikanwi kwekudzidzira chirwere uye kuwanzoita vana pazviyero zvekushanda kwehutano. J Autism Dev Kushata. 2014 Feb; 44 (2): 331-42.
> CDC. Kubudirira Zvikuru.