Musi waMarch 15-17, 1917, pane imwe imba yebhodi kuClifton Springs, New York, vanhu vatanhatu vakasangana kuti vawane National Society for the Promotion of Occupational Therapy. Kushandiswa kwemabasa kwakanga kuri kukura mukati mekutanga kwezana remakore, asi musangano uyu unofungidzirwa sekugadzwa kwebasa idzva.
Nhasi, chirwere chekushanda chinotarisa pasi rose.
MuUnited States chete, inoshandisa vanhu vanosvika 140 000 uye ndeimwe yemabasa ekukura kweAmerica.
Vavatangi vacho vaisanganisira chiremba chepfungwa, munyori, mudzidzisi, vashandi vezvehupfumi uye vashandi vaviri. Mumwe nomumwe aitenda kuti kuchengetwa kwakapiwa muzvipatara kwakanga kusina kukwana. Vaidavira kuti kushandiswa kwemabasa ekutora nguva yevarwere kwaive nekwanisi yekuvandudza kupora.
Cherechedza kuti gore rekutanga rinoenderana neU.S. kupinda muHondo Yenyika I, iyo inogona kupa zvitsva nemikana yebasa iri rekushandira. Uyewo, cherechedza kuti vatatu vevatanhatu vatanhatu vaiva vakadzi-chikwata chinoshamisa chokufunga kuti chaizova makore matatu mamwe US asati aziva kodzero yemukadzi yekuvhota.
George Edward Barton: Muumbi weChirongwa neTuberculosis Mwoyo
George Barton, pamwe naWilliam Rush Dunton Jr., aiva nheyo yevakiki. Iye naDunton vakatumira mapepa kune dzimwe nhengo ina.
Barton aiva muvaki wezvivakwa, uyo munguva yehupenyu hwake hwevanhu vakuru akabatwa nechirwere chetachiona uyewo kuruboshwe rworuboshwe. Pakupedzisira, akapedza nguva muchigaro chekutakura uye akadzivirirwa nemamiriro ezvinhu.
Paaiva pachipatara, akawedzera kufarira kushandiswa kwebasa kuti awedzere hutano hwekuchengetedza uye kubuda kwegadziriro.
Akapikira kupedza hupenyu hwake hwose "akazvipira kune nyaya yekudzorerwa kwevanorwara uye vakaremara." Akatora Consolation House, chiito chekutanga chekugadzirisa nzvimbo, kwaaiita kurapwa kwemabasa.
Dr. William Rush Dunton, Jr.'s: The Psychiatrist
Dunton aiva chiremba akashanda semutungamiri wekutanga weNational Society for the Promotion of Occupational Therapy. Akashanda pahofisi paJohn Hopkins School of Medicine pamwe chete nomubatsiri chiremba paSheppard Asylum.
Dunton akashandisa mabasa pamwe chete nevatengi vake uye akaona zvakakosha mumutambo. Pakazara nebasa rake, akanyora zvakajeka pamusoro pebasa racho, akanyora mabhuku anopfuura 120 nemashoko akanangana nehutano hwemabasa. Mabasa makuru aisanganisira Inheyo dze Occupational Therapy (1918), Reconstruction Therapy (1919), uye Prescribing Occupational Therapy (1928).
Susan Cox Johnson: Mudzidzisi
Susan Johnson akadzidziswa semudzidzisi ndokutanga basa rake nekudzidzisa zvekuchikoro chekuchikoro nemishonga muBerkley, California. Akazoenda kuPhilippines kwenguva pfupi yezvidzidzo zvekudzidzisa. Akadzokera kuUnited States muna 1912 uye akawana basa seMutevedzeri weChipatimendi cheMabasa kuDhipatimendi reHurumende yeNew York State.
Susan akapfuurira kunodzidzisa kurapa kwebasa muchengeti weukoti kuColumbia uye akaronga uye anotungamirira dhigirii rehutano hwemabasa ku Montefiore Home uye Hospital. Akanyorawo nyaya dzakawanda pamusoro pebasa rekushanda kwemazuva ano Hospital .
Thomas Bessell Kidner: The Other Architect
Thomas Kidner akashanda semutungamiri weNational Society for the Promotion of Occupational Therapy kubva muna 1923-1928. Akagara muCanada uye aiva The Vocational Secretary of Canada Military Hospitals. Kidner anorumbidzwa nehufambiro hwekufambira mberi uye basa revanhu, kuburikidza nekugadzira kuburitswa kwenyika nekuisa mitemo yezvidzidzo zvevashandi vezvemishonga.
Isabel Barton akati izvi zveDhinner, "Aive unhu hunofadza, saka huchiBrithani, kunyangwe kugadziriswa kwemajasi ake emangwanani, mabheji akavezwa, mapiravha ane mapiro, uye tie. Akange akazara nehupi uye iye naVaBaron vairarama pamwe chete sevanconconteurs. "
Isabel G. Newton: Munyori
Muna 1916, Isabel akanga achishanda semuchengeti wemabhuku mubindu rekuchengetedza uye kugadzira, paakagamuchira foni kubva kuna George Barton kuti aone kufarira kwake kuva munyori weConolation House. Vakaenda kunoroora. Isabel akashanda pamwe chete naye kudzidzisa mabasa kune vagari ve Consolation House, kusvikira kufa kwaBarton muna 1923. Muna 1968, akanyora nyaya yeThe American Journal of Occupational Therapy - "Consolation House, makore 50 apfuura" -iyo inonyora zviyeuchidzo zvake zvega wevanyori.
Eleanor Clarke Slagle: The Social Worker
Eleanor Clarke Slagle akanga achitora zvidzidzo mumagariro evanhu (kusanganisira hurukuro kubva kuJane Adams) apo muna 1911, akapedza chikoro Curative Occupations and Recreation paChicago School of Civics uye Philanthropy. Mumakore mashomanana, akava mutevedzeri wemushandi wehutano hwekushanda paJohn Hopkins, muBoston, pasi peAdolf Meyer, mumwe mutungamiri wekutanga wehutano hwekushanda.
Akadzokera kuChicago muna 1915 ndokusimbisa Henry B. Favill School of Occupations ndokutungamirira chikoro kubva muna 1915 kusvika muna 1920. Kubvira ipapo, akatamira kuNew York kuzoshanda semutungamiriri wehutano hwemabasa yeNew York State Department of Mental Hygiene .
Eleanor akasarudzwa vamiririri weSosaiti yekusimudzirwa kweEpupational Therapy muna 1917 uye akaenderera mberi achishanda mune imwe neimwe yehofisi iripo pakati pa1917 na1937.
Slagle inonzi inonzi amai vane remishonga inoshanda. IAmerican Occupational Therapy Association gore negore inogadzira Eleanor Clarke Slagle Lecture mukuremekedzwa kwake. Zvaakagadzirisa hazvina kuitika zvisingaonekwi panguva yebasa rake: Eleanor Roosevelt akataura pamabiko ake ekurega basa.