Pneumonia muvana

Zviratidzo zvePineumonia muvana hazvisipo

Chirwere muvana chinogona kuoma kuona kuti zviratidzo zvinowanzosiyana zvinowanzosiyana nevaya vari vakuru. Ndezvipi zviratidzo uye zviratidzo zvaunofanira kutarisa, chii chinowanzokonzera pneumonia muvana, uye chinorapwa sei?

Pneumonia muvana

Pneumonia ishutachiona kana kuputika kwemapapu uko vana vari kunyanya kuchinjwa.

Kakawanda kachitevera kutonhora kana chirwere, chirwere chinopisa chinogona kukanganisa chimwe kana mapofu maviri. Paunenge uine pneumonia, airbe ( alveoli ) mumapapu ako anozadza pus kana imwe mvura uye oksijeni inotambudza kusvika kuropa rako.

MuUnited States, pneumonia muvana haityi sezvakange isati yavapo kutanga kwemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya uye majekiseni. Asi pasi rese inoramba iri dambudziko guru. Munyika yose, pneumonia ndiyo inokonzera rufu rwevana vasati vava nemakore mashanu, kazhinji nekuda kwekushayikwa kwemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya nemishonga.

Zvinokonzera Pneumonia muvana

Muvanhu vakuru, nzvimbo inowanikwa pneumonia inowanzokonzerwa neakteria, zvikurukuru Streptococcus pneumoniae . Vana vanobatwa nebhakitiriya pneumonia, asi pneumonia muvana kazhinji inokonzerwa nehutachiona hwehutachiona, kana kuti "yakaoma" zvirwere zvebhakitiriya zvakadai seMycoplasma.

Zvinowanzokonzera hutachiona hwepirumoni mukati mevana zvinosanganisira:

• Kufuridzira syncytial virus (RSV) - RSV inowanzova mubereki wehutano hwemwana muduku nehuputi hwaro husingagumi, uye inokonzera chirwere chepineum muvana vaduku. Iyo yakawanda zvikuru pakati paNovember naApril, uye kazhinji inotevera mazuva mashomanana ekumusoro kwezviratidzo zvakadai semhutu unomhanya. Vana vari pasi pemakore maviri vari panjodzi.

• Parainfluenza virus
• Adenovirus
• Coronovirus
• Influenza
• Human metapneumovirus (hMPV)

Bhakitiriya pneumonia inowanikwa muvana pamwe chete nevakuru, asi inowanzobatana neakteria yakasiyana. Bhakitiriya inowanzokonzera vana inosanganisira:

• Mycoplasma pneumoniae (kufamba pneumonia) - Mycoplasma inoratidzira pneumonia inowanzonzi kufamba kufamba pneumonia sezvo inowanzova yakakomba kupfuura dzimwe nzira dzebhakitiriya pneumonia (mune mamwe mashoko, vanhu vari kufamba-famba nokuti havasi kurwara zvikuru) Mune zvimwe zviitiko, zvisinei, zviratidzo zvingave zvakaoma zvikuru. Kufamba pneumonia kunowanzotora kwemavhiki mashoma.

• Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcal pneumonia) - Pneumococcal pneumonia ndiyo inokonzera kukonzera pneumonia kune vanhu vakuru uye inogona kuitika kuvana pamwe chete. Zvinofadza kuti mishonga yakaderedza chiitiko chechirwere ichi muvana mumakore achangopfuura.
• Haemophilus influenzae gwaro b (Hib) - Pneumonia nekuda kweH Hrwm inowedzerawo kudarika mumakore achangopfuura nekuda kwekudzivirira.

Kune zvimwe zvakawanda zvinokonzera pneumonia, uye izvi zvinonyanya kukosha kuvana vasingazivikanwi pamusana pezvinetso nemaune immune systems, chemotherapy, kana HIV.

Pamhando dzemhando dzepineumonia dziri pamusoro apa, hutachiona hwepirumonia hunozivikanwa zvikuru muvana vaduku zvikuru, asi kufamba kwepumumumu kunowanzoonekwa muchikoro chevana vana.

Ndezvipi Zvingave Zvichida?

Zviratidzo zvepineumonia zvinopfuura nemamwe mamiriro ezvinhu ehuduku. Hora inowanzokonzera zviratidzo zvakafanana nepineumonia, uye pneumonia inowanzoitika mushure mekudzivirira kupemha kuita kuti kusiyana kuve kwakaoma. Chirwere chinogona kuva chakaoma kusiyanisa kubva kubronchitis kuvana pamwe chete, uye inokosha inowanikwa mune zviratidzo. Kazhinji, vana vanowanzoonekwa sevasina kurwara nebronchitis kupfuura neyo pneumonia. Kukanganiswa kwekukanda kwekukandira (pertussis) dzimwe nguva kunogona kufanana nezviratidzo zvepineumonia.

Zvakakosha kucherechedza kuti kunyange nehutachiona, vana vanogona kunge vachiri kuwedzera hutachiona.

Chirwere chinogona kutungamirira kumakumbo nekukanganisa zvakafanana nepineumonia uye zvingave zvakaoma kusiyanisa kubva pane zviratidzo chete. Mukuwedzera, zvinoratidzika kuva nehukama pakati pe mycoplasma pneumonia uye asthma . Mimwe mitemo yakadai seasiti reflux inogona kutungamirira pakukwevera, asi haawanzove nefivha inobatana.

Inowanzove yakaita sei Pneumonia muvana?

Pneumonia inowanikwa mune inenge yechina kubva muzana yevana muUnited States gore roga rega, uye nemitengo yakakwirira pane vana vari pasi pemakore gumi nemaviri. Vana vane chirwere chinowanikwa kamwechete kamwechete kamwechete mugore rimwechete vangave nechinetso nehurumende yavo uye vanofanira kunyatsoongororwa.

Pneumonia Zviratidzo muvana

Muvanhu vakuru, pneumonia inowanzofungidzirwa kana munhu aine fivhiri uye chifukidziro. Nevana, zvisinei, zviratidzo zvinogona kunge zviri zviviri zvisinganzwisisiki uye zvakasiyana-siyana. Zviratidzo zvekuteerera nevana zvinogona kusanganisira:

• Fever - Dzimwe nguva chiratidzo choga icho mwana angave ane pneumonia ndiko kuvapo kwefivha .
• Kurumidza kufema kupera (tachypnea) - Kuwedzera kwekuputika, iyo inozivikanwa mishonga se "tachypnea" inogona kuva chiratidzo chinokosha chepineumonia kuvana. Kufuridzirwa kwemafuro inosuruvarisa kazhinji kunonzi "kuregererwa chiratidzo chinokosha" uye kunyange iyo inogona kupa ruzivo runokosha inowanzorambwa. Tachypnea inotsanangurwa neWorld Health Organisation semuviri wekupemha unopfuura makumi mashanu nekufema kweminiti kune vacheche mwedzi miviri kusvika gumi nembiri yemakore, kupfuura 40 kufema neminiti yevana pakati pemakore ekutanga neashanu, uye zvinopfuura 30 kufema neminiti kune vana vanopfuura makore mashanu.
• Nasal flaring nekudzorera (kusimbiswa kwemitsipa yemutsipa) - Zviratidzo izvi zvingava chiratidzo chekufema kunobata.
• Kugurusa - Kugurusa kunowanzoonekwa, kunyanya nehutachiona hwepneumonia.
• Cyanosis, kana kuonekwa kwebluish kumuromo wemwana, mhino, neminwe.
• Kuvhiringidza (kazhinji kunobata kufema kufema.)
• Chikoro - Chifuva chinogona kunge chaoma, kana kuti chibereko chephlegm chinogona kujeka, chichena, chine tsvuku-ruvara, kana kunyange kuine ropa.

Kana mwana wako ane chimwe chezviratidzo izvi hazvirevi kuti ane chirwere chepumoniya. Vana vanogona dzimwe nguva kuratidzika kurwara zvikuru nehutachiona hwehutachiona husingaoneki, kunyanya kana vane fever yakakura.

Ndeipi Pneumonia Inoonekwa muvana?

Nhanho inonyanya kukosha pakutsvaga pneumonia muvana ndeyokuve nenhamba yepamusoro yekufungira. Kunyangwe kana mwana wako asina kukwezva, zviratidzo zvakadai sefivha isina chikonzero chaicho, kuchinja pakudya, kuwedzera kwezviratidzo zvinotevera kuputika kwepamusoro kwetachiona chirwere, kana kuti mumvura yako yekuita kuti chimwe chinhu chisina kunaka, chinofanira kukukurudzira iwe ona chiremba wevana vako. Muongorori wemubereki hauwanzoongororwa sechiratidzo chepineumonia, asi inogona kuva imwe yezvinonyanya kuratidza kuti chimwe chinhu chakashata. Vimba netsika yako.

Kana mwana wako ane chimwe chezviratidzo zvataurwa pamusoro apa, kana kana akangoita saiye pachake, chiremba wako achabvunza nezvenhoroondo yake. Pane mumwe munhu ari mumba airwara here? Akanga aine zvirwere zvangangodarika here? Akave achidya uye akarara sei?

Chiremba wako achazoita kuongorora kwakanyatsogadzikana achicherechedza kushambidzika kwake, kutarisa nzeve dzake, mwoyo, uye mapapu. Zvakare, kuongorora kuputika kwepamusoro kunokosha zvikuru uye kunofanira kuva chikamu chekuongorora kupi umo fevha iripo. Pulse oximetry inowanzoitwa kutarisa mwana weakisijeni yekutengesa kwehutano, uye chiremba wevana vako anotarisa kuona kana pane zviratidzo zvekuoma kufema, zvakadai sechisimbiso chemasumbu mumutsipa wake

Kuongorora ropa kunogona kuitwa kuti utsvake uchapupu hwehutachiona hwehutachiona kana hwebhakitiriya, uye kufungidzira kufanana nebhokisi x-ray kunogona kukurudzirwa. Zvakakosha kucherechedza kuti pane dzimwe nguva pneumonia muvana haisi pachena zviri pachena pachifukidzo x-ray, uye kuchinja hakusi kuonekwa nguva dzose nehutachiona.

Pneumonia Mishonga yevana

Kurapa kunorayirwa kumwana wako kana ane chirwere ichi chichatsigira pane zvimwe zvinhu, kusanganisira kurwara kwaanoonekwa uye kusungurudzwa kwechikonzero chepneumonia (viradhi kana bhakitiriya.)

Vazhinji vana vane pneumonia vanogona kurapwa pamba, kunyange vamwe vana vangada kubvumirwa kupinda kuchipatara kuti vashandise mvura (kana yakasvibiswa,) nokuda kwemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya, kana kuti kurapa kweokisijeni. Kazhinji, rubatsiro rwemhepo inoputika (mupfuri) inofanira kudiwa kumwana ari kunyanya kuneta nekuedza kufema.

Mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya ndiyo inowanzogadziriswa apo mwana anofungidzirwa kuti ane bhakitiriya pneumonia. Kana mwana ari kufamba pneumonia ( Mycoplasma pneumonia ) mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya inowanzoshandiswa kune utachiona hwekunzwa (zvakadai seAmoxicillin) haishande. Pane kudaro, mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya yakafanana neyerythromycin, Zithromax, Biaxin, kana tetracyclines (muvana vakwegura) inowanzodiwa.

Vanhu vazhinji vanoshamisika pamusoro pekukanganiswa kwekukanganiswa. Kunyange zvazvo mishonga inogona kuva yakakosha kuitira kuti mwana wako azorore, kukohwa ndiyo nzira yemuviri yekubvisa madota kubva kumapapu uye vanachiremba vazhinji vanozeza kupa izvi.

Matambudziko (Asingawanzoitiki) echirwere muvana

Ngozi yezvinetso zvipi zvese zvine chokuita nehutano hwemwana wako hazvisi zvisizvo uye zvichaenderana nezvimwe zvinhu.

Dzimwe nguva vana vanokudziridza kudonhedzera kana kudzvinyirirwa neine pneumonia. Mutsara ndeye membrane inopoteredza uye inokonzera mapapu nemweya mumwe nomumwe. Kana pneumonia inowanikwa pedyo nedzimwe nzvimbo dzekunze dzemapapu nzvimbo ino inogona kupiswa uye izere nemhepo inoyerera kana pus. Kana izvi zvikaitika, mvura inosvibisa kana pus inogona kudirwa. Izvi zvinonzwika zvinotyisa, asi iyo nzira inonyoresa muvana iyo iyo yakanaka ine sindano inowanikwa muchisimba chekuda kubvisa mvura. Kana hombe yakawanda iripo, chikwata chebhokisi chingada kuiswa apo chirwere chinopera.

Kana chirwere chemwana wako chiri chakakomba, basa rokufema rinogona kuneta. Kana izvi zvichiitika-uye izvi zvisingawanzoitiki-mwana angada kuiswa pamubhedha kwechinguva. Kunyanya kushandisa mishonga kunowanzoshandiswa kana izvi zvichidiwa kuti mwana wako arege kutya.

Kuvharirwa Kwepamuyumu - Kukosha Kwezvirwere uye Zvimwe

Chirwere chepamuviri pakati pevana hachiwanzopfuuriki kupfuura zvaingova mashomanana mashomanana mashoma akapfuura, kuderedzwa kwatingaita kuti tive nehuwandu hwehutachiona. Zvirwere zvemwana zvinogona kubatsira kudzivirira pneumonia zvinosanganisira chirwere chepneumococcal Prevnar 13, Hib, Varivax, MMR, uye chirwere chekurwara.

Mukuwedzera kune majekiseni, chirwere chepneumonia chinogona kuderedzwa nekuyamwisa, nekunyatsogadzira maoko, uye nekudzivirira kusangana nevamwe vanorwara.

Pasi Payo Pamusoro Pechiumonia muvana

Chirwere chepamuviri muvana chakajairika, asi kazhinji chinowanikwa nezviratidzo zvakasiyana pane zvaungatarisira nemunhu mukuru. Izvo zvinokonzera kukonzera pneumonia kuvana kazhinji zvinowanzosiyana neyevanhu vakuru zvakare. Chirwere muvana chinogona kutya zvikuru sezvo vana vanorwara nekukurumidza zvikuru. Ndinofara, kusiyana nevanhu vakuru vanowanzoporesa nekuporesa zvikuru zvakare.

> Sources

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• > Kliegman, Robert M., Bonita Stanton, St Geme III Joseph W., Nina Felice. Schor, Richard E. Behrman, uye Waldo E. Nelson. Nelson Nhamba yeBhuku rePediatrics. 20th Edition. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier, 2015. Print.