Allergic to Dairy Foods
Misi inokonzerwa nehutachiona ndiyo inowanzoshandiswa kudya zvokudya zvevana, uye ndiyo yechipiri inowanzova yekudya kwevanhu vakuru. Muyero wemukaka, unofanana nezvimwe zvirwere zvekudya, unoita seuri kuwedzera , uye unobata zvinenge zvitatu zvevana vose. Kunyange zvazvo zvisinganzwisisiki kuti vana vawedzere mukaka wavo kurwisa, dzimwe nguva pamakore mashoma, mukaka wouchi hunogona kuramba huchiri munhu mukuru uye hunozoguma hupenyu hwose.
Zvinokonzera
Umukaka weChove une zvakawanda zvinokonzera, izvo zvinowanzoputsika mukati mewaini uye whey zvikamu. Mavhiri acho anosanganisira alpha uye beta-lactoglobulins, pamwe chete nemukombe wemunoglobulin. Iko inonzi componentsin inosanganisira alpha uye beta-casin components. Mishonga yemakumbo kuRoctoglobulin zvinowanzosunungurwa nyore nyore nevana, asi kuora mwoyo kune zvimwe zvikamu zvinowanzoenderera mberi pakuyaruka kana kuva munhu mukuru.
Muvana nevakuru vanowanzogadziriswa zvirwere zvinokonzerwa nemagetsi, muviri unobereka antigenic antibodies kurwisana yakasiyana-siyana yemukaka allergen. Izvozvo zvinokonzerwa nemaserogi anosungirirwa kumasero eorigeri mumuviri, anonzi mast call uye basophils . Apo mukaka kana mishonga yekurazi inopedzwa, izvi zvinokonzerwa neorganic ezvo zvinosunga kumapuroteni emukaka, zvichiita kuti masero anokonzera kusunungura histamine nemamwe makemikari anokonzera. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nemakemikari zvinokonzera zvirwere zvinokonzera zviratidzo zvinoitika.
Zviratidzo
Zviratidzo zvemukaka zvinokonzera zvinogona kusiyana kubva kune mumwe munhu. Kazhinji, mukaka weveruzhinji unowanzokonzera zvirwere zveganda zvirwere zvakadai se urticaria (mikoko), angioedema (kupfugama) , pruritus (itching) , atopic dermatitis (eczema) kana mamwe maronda echando. Zvimwe zviratidzo zvinogona kusanganisira chirwere chekufema ( zviratidzo zvechirwere , zviratidzo zvepachirwere zvirwere ), chirwere chepamuviri (kunyorera, kurutsa, chirwere) uye kunyange anaphylaxis .
Izvi zviratidzo zvekare zvemukaka zvinokonzerwa nehutachiona hunokonzerwa nehupo hwehutachiona hunopesana, uye hunonzi "IgE mediated".
Misi inokonzera kusagadzikana kwete kukonzerwa nemagetsi anokonzera, anonzi "kwete-IgE mediated," anogonawo kuitika. Izvi zvinoramba zvichikonzerwa nehutachiona hwezvirwere zvezvirwere, zvisingaenzaniswi nezvisingaiti zvinokonzerwa nehutachiona hwehutachiona, zvakadai neharose kusagadzikana . Izvi zvinenge zvisina-IgE zvinopindirana nemukaka zvinokonzerwa nemukaka zvinosanganisira zvokudya zveprotein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES) , zvokudya zveprotein-induced proctitis, eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE; iyo inogonawo kuva IgE-mediated) uye Heiner syndrome .
Kuziva
Kugadziriswa kweGE-mediated kumukaka kune zvakanyanya kuongororwa kuti vane zvirwere zvekuongorora , izvo zvinogona kuitwa kuburikidza nekuongororwa kweganda kana nekuratidzira kweAgE kupikisa maritai emaproteni muropa. Kuongorora kweganda ndiyo nzira yakanyatsonaka yekuongorora hutachiona hwemukaka, kunyange kuongorora ropa kunobatsira pakusarudza nguva uye kana munhu angangodaro akabuda mumukaka kunokonzera.
Kuongororwa kwekasaiti ye-non-IgE yakagadziriswa mukaka maitiro ekurwisa kunowedzera zvakaoma kuita, uye kuongorora kwekurwisa kunobatsira. Kazhinji kazhinji, kuongororwa kunoitwa kunobva pane zviratidzo uye kusakosha kwezvirwere zvinorwisa zvirwere zviripo. Dzimwe nguva, chikwata chekuedza chinogona kubatsira pakutsvaga kweFPIES neEoE, uye kuongororwa ropa kweAgG antibodies inoshandiswa kuongororwa Heiner syndrome.
Kurapa
Chirwere chete chinogamuchirwa zvakanyanya pamukaka kunokonzera mukaka panguva ino ndechokudzivirira mukaka nemishonga yekura. Oral immunotherapy (OIT) yemukaka kunokonzera mukaka kunowanikwa mune zvunivhesiti dzezvokurapa pasi rose, nemigumisiro yakavimbiswa. OIT inosanganisira kupa mikana yakawandisa yehuta mapuroteni mumuromo kune vanhu vane mukaka kurwisa, uye zvishoma nezvishoma kuwedzera mari yacho munguva. Izvi zvinowanzokonzera munhu ari kukwanisa kushivirira zvakakwana zvakawanda zvehuta hweprotini kupfuura nguva. Zvakakosha kuziva, zvisinei, kuti ILO yeukaka inokonzerwa nekaka inogona kuva inotyisa zvikuru, inongowanikwa muyunivhesiti iri pasi pekutarisirwa kwehutano hwepedyo.
OIT yemukaka kunokonzera mishonga inogona kunge iri makore mazhinji kubva kure nekuitwa nemunhu wega wega.
Dzidza nzira yekutevera misi isina kudya mukaka .
Inowanzoita Sei Misi Yezvokudya Zvose?
Vana vakawanda vanozopedzisira vachinge vachinge vachisangana nemukaka, kunyanya avo vane-non-IgE vakagadzirisa zvirwere. Kune avo vane mukaka weAgE-mediated allergies, zvingasaitike nekukurumidza sezvakafunga kare. Zvidzidzo zvekare zvakaratidza kuti vana makumi mapfumbamwe nevana vevana vanobuda mumukaka vachirwara nemakore mashanu; imwe yongororo yakakurukurwa yakaitwa nehuwandu hwevana inoratidza kuti inenge 80% yevana inopedza mukaka kurwisa - asi kwete kusvika pakuzvarwa kwavo kwema16.
Kuyera kuwandisa kweanoripikiki kune mukaka kunogona kubatsira kufanotaura kuvepo kwevanhu vari kurega kurwisa kwavo mukaka. Kana iyo inoripikiki inoshandiswa mumukaka iri pasi pehumwe hutano, anoristorist angakurudzira kuita chirongwa chekudya chemukati mumukaka pasi pekutarisirwa kweutano. Iyi ndiyo chete nzira yakachengeteka yekuona zvechokwadi kana munhu akangobuda mumukaka wavo.
Dzidza zvakawanda nezvekubuda kwezvokudya zvekudya.
Sources:
Fiocchi A, Schunemann HJ, Brozek J, et al. Kuongororwa nekufungidzirwa kweChirwisana neCow's Milk Allergy (DRACMA): A Summary Report. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2010; 126: 1119-28.
Skripak JM, Matsui EC, Mudd K, Wood RA. The Natural History of IgE-Mediated Cow's Milk Allergy. 2007; 120: 1172-7.