Kutarisa pamakirasi akasiyana-siyana emishonga akadai semishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya, NSAIDs, uye Statins
Kirasi yemishonga kana mishonga yemishonga iboka remishonga inogona kushanda nenzira imwechete, ine mhando yemakemikari yakafanana, kana inoshandiswa kurapa hutano hwakafanana. Muchikamu chemishonga, mushandi wako wehutano anotarisa mishonga chaiyo inogona kunyatsobata chirwere chako. Makirasi aya akasiyana-siyana uye mishonga inogona kuonekwa mune imwe nhamba yemishonga yechikwereti kana ine zvakasiyana-siyana zvingashandiswa kana inoshandiswa nemamiriro akasiyana.
Heano mienzaniso yezvikamu zvakasiyana zvinowanzoshandisa madhiragi.
Antibiotics
Mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya ikirasi yemishonga inoshandiswa kuporesa zvirwere zvinokonzerwa nemaabhakitiriya. Zvimwe zvinowanzopiwa ma antibiotic ndezve amoxicillin uye Zithromax (azithromycin). Mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya inogona kuwanikwa kubva kumakemikari anowanzoitika anodzivirira kubhakitiriya. Zvinogonawo kusikwa zvakagadzirwa. Kune marudzi akawanda akasiyana-siyana emishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya kusanganisira zvinotevera:
- Beta-lactam, yakadai sepenicillin, cephalosporins, uye carbapenems, iyo inhibit cell cell synthesis
- Zvinodhaka zvinopindira nepuroteni, zvakadai se macrolides, tetracyclines, linezolid, uye lincosamides
- Zvinodhaka zvinopesana ne folate synthesis, zvakadai se trimethoprim uye sulfonamides
- Zvinodhaka zvinopindira neBacterial nucleic acid, zvakadai se quinolones uye rifampin
Kunyanya kakawanda, ma antibiotic anogona kunge ari bacteriostatic kana bacteriocidal. Bacteriostatic antibiotics inomira kushandiswa kwesero uye kukura kwesero.
Bactericidal antibiotics inouraya zvakananga mabhakitiriya. Semuenzaniso, rifampin ibhakitiriya yeropa asi ma antibiotics anopindira nepuroteni synthesis inogona kuva bacteriocidal kana bacteriostatic.
Antidepressants
Anodzvinyirira isirasi yemishonga inoshandiswa kurapa zviratidzo zvekuora mwoyo. Zvimwe zvinowanzotaurwa kuti zvinodzvinyirira ndezveLexapro (escitalopram) uye Zoloft (sertraline).
Vanofungidzirwa kushanda nekushandura kuti makemikari ari muuropi anonzi neurotransmitters anotonga mafungiro. Izvo zvinowedzera kuve neurotransmitter iyo inobata uye nenzira iyo inoita nayo.
- Kusarudza serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs): Inosanganisira Prozac (fluoxetine). Iyi mishonga inobatsira kusimudza chiratidzo che serotonin.
- Serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs): Inosanganisira Effexor (venlafaxine). Iyi mishonga inobatsira kusimudzira chiratidzo che norepinephrine.
- Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs): Inosanganisira Elavil (amitriptyline): Zvinodhaka izvi zvinowedzera kuiswa kweese serotonin uye norepinephrine asiwo kune dzimwe mishonga yemakemikari, zvichiita kuti zvive nemigumisiro.
- Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs): Inosanganisira Nardil (phenelzine). Iyi mishonga inochengetedza muviri kuti urege kuputsa maurotransmitter.
Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs)
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs isirasi yemishonga ine anti-inflammatory, analgesic, uye antipyretic (anti-fever). Zvose NSAID dzinoshanda nekudzivisa enzyme cyclooxygenase uye inowanzowanika kune-over-the-counter formulations. Mienzaniso yeNSAID inosanganisira ibuprofen uye aspirin. Kunyange zvazvo NSAIDs ndezvenzvimbo dzakawanda dzakachengeteka kutora, dzinenge dzine zvinetso zvakaipa.
Semuenzaniso, aspirin inowanzokonzera kugadzikana kwepamuviri uye inogona kukonzera kubuda ropa kune vamwe.
Opioids
Opioids ikirasi yemishonga yakabva kune opium inowanzoitika. Opium inokohwa kubva poppy Papaver somniferum . Kazhinji, morphine yakanyanya kushandiswa mukurapa. Mimwe mienzaniso yeopioid inosanganisira codeine, heroin, uye hydrocodone. Uyezve, kune maopioid akakwana, anosanganisira meperidine, fentanyl, methadone, uye butorphanol. Opioids inowanzovhenganiswa ne aspirin kana acetaminophen yekununurwa kunorwadza kwakanyanya (funga Vicodin kana Norco).
Opioids inoshanda nekudzivisa chirwere chinonzi neurotransmitter kusunungurwa saka zvichiita kuti pave nemarwadzo ekurwadziwa.
Opioids inobatsirawo kugadzirisa kana kunyaradza. Kushandisa zvisina kunaka uye kuvimba kwakave dambudziko rinowanzowedzerwa, uye vanhu vasingaverengeki vachishandisa zvinyorwa zvose mumugwagwa wezvinodhaka nemishonga yepapioid. Opioid toxicity inogona kuuraya kuburikidza nokufema kunetseka.
Statins
Statins ikirasi yemishonga inodzivisa kubudiswa kweklesterolin muropa uye inoshandiswa kurapa vanhu vane high cholesterol. Mimwe mitemo inowanzomirirwa inonzi Lipitor (atorvastatin) uye Zocor (simvastatin).
Sources
Albertson TE. Chitsauko 119. Opiates uye Opioids. Mu: Olson KR. eds. Kutyisa uye Kuwedzerwa Kwemishonga, 6e . New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2012.
Gasbarre CC, Schmitt SK, Tomecki KJ. Chitsauko 230. Mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya. Mu: Goldsmith LA, Katz SI, Gilchrest BA, Paller AS, Leffell DJ, Wolff K. Eds. Fermpatrick's Dermatology in General Medicine, 8e . New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2012.