Kuvhiringidza kubatwa nehope (OSA) zvinoreva kuti kune imwe nzvimbo yepamusoro yomumwe munhu inovharidzirwa kwenguva pfupi, zvichiita kuti kuvhara kana muromo kufema. Izvi zvikamu zvinokonzera kudonha mukati memhepo ye okisijeni uye kuwedzera kwe carbon dioxide muropa, nekuderera kwehutano hwekurara kunorara. Kana kusiyiwa kusatenderwa, kurara kwepabhesi kunogona kukonzera kukanganisa kwakawanda kwehutano uye hwepfungwa mune vose vakuru nevana.
Maitiro Akawanda Anorara Sei Apnea Anoitika Kune Vana?
Kurara kwepabonde muvana kanowanzoenda kusingawaniki, kunyanya sezvo 20% yevana vanowanzogara vachinge vachingwa, uye 3% chete yevana vaduku chaizvoizvo vane OSA. Kugara kwevana vemazuva ose ndiyo inenge yakakura yeboka rekugadzira OSA, sezvo iyi ndiyo nguva iyo adenoid uye tonsillar hypertrophy inonyanya kuonekwa - inokosha inowanzokonzera OSA. Kurara kwepabhesi kunowanzoonekwa kune vakomana, vana vane simba pamusoro, uye vana veAmerican America.
Chii Chinoitika Panguva Yokurara Kwepabonde?
Kurara kwepabhesi kazhinji kunowanzoitika semagumisiro ezvakagadzikana zvinokonzera kuderera kwepamusoro pemhepo. Neurological factors, zvakadai sekushayikwa kwemishumo mumisimba yepamusoro pemhepo, inogonawo kuita basa mukusimudzirwa kweASA kuvana. Munguva yehope, mishonga inonyanya kusununguka mumugwagwa wepamusoro, uye kana kune yakareba kana kuti yakanyunguduka mahara munzvimbo ino (yakadai sematanda akawedzerwa, adenoids kana kuvhara mapapiro emusana anokonzerwa neergenic rhinitis ), kufema kunoshaya.
Kushayikwa kwemhepo inofamba uchifamba mumhepo uye mumapapu kunoita kuti vasanyanya oxygen uye imwe carbon dioxide muropa. Izvi zvinotungamirira kumuviri unoedza kubhadhara noku "kumuka" (kumutsa) zvakakwana kuti kuwedzere kufamba kwemaitiro emhepo uye kuwedzera kwekufema, izvo zvinoita kuti kuderedzwa kwehutano hwakanaka.
Ndevanai Vana Vari Pangozi Yokurara Kwepabonde?
Kuwedzerwa kwematoni uye adenoids ndiyo inowanzoisa njodzi yeASA mune vana. Zvimwe zvinokonzerwa nehutachiona zvinowedzera dambudziko reASA zvinosanganisira marara asingakanganisi (micrognathia kana retrognathia), kusanganisa kwemaziso epenital, uye kuva nerurimi rukuru (macroglossia). Kuwedzera muviri, zvirwere zvinoputika, zvirwere zveurumusi, kushandiswa kwemishonga ne sedative effects, sickle cell anemia, uye nhoroondo yemhuri yeASA dzose zvinokonzera kukonzerwa nekurara kwepabonde kuvana.
Allergic rhinitis uye kwete-allergenic rhinitis , inokonzera kusangana kwemazamu , chimwe chiitiko chinokosha chinokonzera kupererwa kwepabonde muvana. Zvinowanzoonekwawo kuti kupisa kwemakemikari akabudiswa nemuviri semugumisiro weergenic rhinitis zvakarewo chinhu chinonyanya kukosha pakuvandudzirwa kwekurara kwepnea. Kurapa kweorganic rhinitis, nekuderedza kusanganisa kwemvura pamwe chete nemakemikari anovhiringidzika anokonzerwa nemagumisiro ekugogodza, ave akaratidzwa kuderedza zvikuru zviratidzo uye zviratidzo zvekurara kwepabonde.
Ndezvipi Zviratidzo Zvekurara Kwepabonde?
Vanenge vese vana vane OSA vachaimba nenzwi guru, kunyange zvazvo kupona kwepabhesi kunowanzoitika munenge kusvika 10 kusvika ku30% yevana vanochera (saka kuregera hazvirevi kuti mwana ane chirwere cheperea).
Zvimwe zviratidzo zvinosanganisira kumbomira mukufema (apneas), kunyorera, kuputika, kana kurwisana panguva yekufema. Izvo zvinowanzoonekwawo nevana vane chirwere chekurara chokuputika mukati meusiku, "kukanda uye kutendeuka" uye kunoratidzika "kusingagumi" pavanorara. Vana vanogona kuedza kukurira kuvhara kwemhepo nekurara nemitsipa yavo hyper-yakawedzerwa, kurara vakagara vakarurama kana kushandisa miviri miviri.
Kurara kwepabhesi kunogona kukanganisa utano hwepfungwa hwevana. Kusiyana nevanhu vakwegura vane OSA, vanoona kusviba kwezuva nezuva uye kurara, vana vanoona kusava nemafungiro, hutsinye hunoita uye vanogona kutsamwa. Vana vane OSA vanogona kunetseka kusimuka mangwanani, kunyunyuta kwemazuva ose emusoro wemusoro, uye kazhinji vanoita zvisina kunaka kuchikoro.
Zvirwere zvepabonde zvekusaporesa kurwara kwepabonde zvinogona kusanganisira kukura zvakashata, kukwirira kweropa, kupemha kwepenimenha , uye kushungurudzika kwemoyo.
Ko Apnea Yokurara Inowanikwa Sei Vana?
Kuongororwa kwepabhesi yokurara muvana inonyatsogadzirwa ne- polysomnogram yeusiku husiku (kuverenga kurara) kunoitwa muirareti yehope. Muchidimbu nzira dzakarurama dzekuongorora kubata apnea muvana dzinosanganisira pamba videotaping yemwana akarara, kuenzanisa kukanganiswa kweokisijeni muropa usiku, "nap polysomnogram" (kubata kurara kwemaawa maviri chete), nekudzidza kwekugara mumba.
Chii Chirongwa Chisarudzo Chokurara Kwepabonde muvana?
Kurapwa kweASA mune vana kunowanzobatanidza kubudiswa kwema tonsils uye adenoids, inoporesa dambudziko revana makumi mapfumbamwe nezana revana vanobatwa. Dzimwe mhando dzekuvhiya, dzakadai sevulopalatopharyngoplasty uye tracheostomy zvakachengetwa kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzevana vane OSA, zvakadai seA Down syndrome, cerebral palsy kana vana vane zviratidzo zvakakomba.
Apo chirwere chokuvhiya chisina kubudirira, kurapwa nehupenyu hunoramba huchienderera mberi (CPAP) zvinogona kubatsira pakurapa kwevana neOSA. Kune vana vakareruka (uye vanhu vakuru) neOSA, kurasikirwa nekurema kunogona kubatsira zvikuru uye kunowanzopedza. Apo allergic rhinitis inobatsira vana vane chirwere chekurara, chirwere ne corticosteroid nasal sprays , uye / kana montelukast (Singulair) , inogona kubatsira kuderedza zviratidzo zveASA.
Kunobva:
Alkhalil M, Lockey R. Chirwere Chekushaya Chirwere Kubata Apnea Syndrome (OSAS) yeAllergist: Ongorora pane Kuongorora uye Kutungamirirwa. Ann Allergy Chirwere Immunol. 2011; 107: 104-109.