Inokurudzirwa Kuongorora Zvakakwana Here?
Kungoerekana kwafa mumutambo wechidiki, asi zvisingawanzoitiki, nguva dzose inotyisa. Zvinokonzera mhuri uye vadikanwa zvinoparadza. Kunyangwe avo vanoziva chete munhu anenge atambudzwa nguva dzose, kana kuti ndiani anongonzwa nezvenjodzi pamusoro pehau, anowanzonzwa achinenge achinetseka. Kungofungidzira kechidiki kechidiki kwakarova kamwe kamwe, pasina chikonzero chakajeka, chinotitambudza isu tose zvakanyanya zvisina kururama.
Hapana chimwe chinhu munhu angave akaita here kudzivirira izvi?
Chii Chinokonzera Kungoerekana Kufa Rufu MuVechiduku Vakatambira?
Vazhinji vatambi vechidiki vanofa kamwe kamwe panguva yekurovedza muviri vanove vaine chirwere chepfungwa chechimwe chimiro kana chimwe chisina kumboonekwa. Matambudziko akawanda emwoyo anogona kuonekwa kune vechiduku vanoita sevanorwara zvakakwana, uye, nhamo, chiratidzo chekutanga choga chinetso chingangoerekana chichiuraya, chinouraya chironga chemwoyo (kazhinji, ventricular fibrillation ). Zvinetso zvemwoyo zvinobatanidza nekufa kamwe-kamwe mumatambo mashoma zvinosanganisira hypertrophic cardiomyopathy , Marfan syndrome , uye kuberekwa kwemaitiro emakoroni- asi kune mamwe akawanda.
Anogona Kutamba Ari Mumungozi Ichaziviswa Pamberi Penguva?
Zvakawanda zvemamiriro emwoyo zvinokonzera kufa kamwe kamwe muvechidiki zvinogona kuongororwa kana kuongororwa kunoitwa kunoitwa. An electrocardiogram (ECG) pamwe chete neEchocardiogram- kana kunyange ECG chete-yaiwanzopa mazano anokosha pamusoro peivo vechidiki vari pangozi kuitira kuti kuwedzerwa kuedza kuite.
Vaya vanotendeuka kuti vari kuwedzera mungozi yekufa kamwe kamwe vanogona kurapwa nekuda kwemamiriro avo ezvinhu, kana kuti vaudzwa kuti varege kushingaira, zvichida kuchengetedza hupenyu hwavo.
Saka zvinonzwisisika kune vanhu vazhinji kuti vatambi vechidiki vaduku vanofanira kuongororwa nematambudziko emwoyo vasati vabvumirwa kuita zvemitambo.
Kana iwe uine mutambi wechidiki mumhuri yako, zvimwe wakacherechedza kuti hapana kuongorora kwakadaro kwakaitwa, kana kunyange kutorudzirwa. Icho chiitiko chokuti kuongorora kwemwoyo hazviwanzoitwa muvatambi vechidiki, kunyanya muU.S., haisi kutarisa-ndeyo mugumisiro wekufungisisa nokungwarira nevanodzidza mwoyo.
Kuchera zvishoma mumashure mushure mechisarudzo chekusaita kuongorora kwakanyanya kunogona kubatsira kuderedza chirevo ichi.
Rational for Current Screening Guidelines
Mubvunzo wokuti vateereri vose vechidiki vanofanira kuongororwa chirwere chemoyo vanozobuda kwete kuti zvese zviri nyore. Zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvinoita kuti kuongorora kwakasimba kunetseke, kunodhura, uye zvichida kutyisa.
Chokutanga, kune hutano hwehutano humwe hunoita kuti kuwedzere kufa kwechimbichimbi kune vechidiki, uye mumwe nomumwe wavo ane mitemo yakasiyana siyana uye anoda nzira dzakasiyana dzekuedza yekuita zvirwere. Hasi dzose dzezvirwere zvepfungwa idzi dzaizoonekwa nemamwe mashomanana asina kuongorora kuongorora.
Zvino pane chokwadi chokuti nhamba huru yevechidiki inobatanidzwa mumitambo yakarongeka, uye naizvozvo nhamba huru inofanira kuongororwa-zvichida pakati pemamiriyoni mana nemashanu vechidiki gore negore muUnited States chete. Pamusoro peiyo nhamba huru, chikamu chiduku chete (anenge 3 mu1000) ane chirwere chepfungwa chinowedzera mungozi.
Chero nguva yekuongororwa kwechiremba kunoitwa nokuda kwechirwere chinopararira kwazvo, pachava nemimwe yakawanda yechokwadi-mhinduro miedzo (umo muedzo unoratidza kuti chirwere chacho chinogona kuvapo kana chisati chiri) pane zvibereko zvechokwadi. Izvo zvose izvi zvinyorwa zvakakosha zvingadikanwa kuti kuongororwa kwakawedzerwa kuitwe kusvika pasi pekufungidzirwa dambudziko (kunyange, mumatambudziko akawanda, hakuna rimwe). Aya maitiro ekutsvaga angangosanganisira kuongororwa kusingaoneki, kwakadai semwoyo catheterization , izvo zvinongowedzera kuisa panjodzi kune mutambi wechidiki asiwo zvinowedzera mari yakawanda yehutano kuvanhu.
Nokuda kwezvikonzero izvi, masangano ezvidzidzo akaedza kuita nhungamiro yekuongorora vatambi vechidiki vachange vachinyatsobudirira pakuona mimwe yemafungiro emwoyo yakawanda anowedzera njodzi, pasina kuunza nhamba yakawanda yezvidzidzo zvisingakoshi zvekutevera. Izvi zvinongororwa zvidzidzo zvekuongorora zvinorasikirwa here nevatambi vechidiki vane zvirwere zvinouraya mwoyo? Nhamo, hongu, uye ava ndivo vatambi vechidiki vatinonzwa nezvayo munhau kubva panguva nenguva.
Ndeapi Mazano Akozvino?
IAmerican Heart Association (AHA) inokurudzira kuti vatambi vose vekuchikoro chesekondari uye vekoroji vane nhoroondo yekurapa yekurapa uye kuongorora kwepanyama. Nhoroondo yezvokurapa inofanira kunyatsojekesa chimwe chezviitiko zvinotevera:
- kurwadziwa kwepfupa kana kusagadzikana panguva yekurovedza muviri
- zvikamu zve syncope (kurasikirwa kwekuziva)
- dyspnea (kukurumidza kufema) nekuedza
- nhoroondo yemoyo inogunun'una kana kuwedzera kwehutano
Chiremba anofanira kubvunza zvakanyanyisa nezvehupenyu hwemhuri (sezvo dzakawanda dzemamiriro ezvinhu anokonzera kufa kamwe kamwe mazamu), uye anofanirwawo kutarisa nguva isati yasvika (vasati vava nemakore makumi mashanu) kufa kana kuremara kubva mumuviri wemwoyo mumhuri dzepedyo, uye kana pane mhuri nhoroondo yezvinowanzojairika zvepabonde-yakabatana nematambudziko emwoyo akadai se hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, kwenguva refu-QT syndrome , chirwere chemwoyo chakakomba, kana Marfan syndrome.
Kuongorora kwepanyama kunofanira kuisa pfungwa pamutsoropodzo wepfungwa, kuongorora kwemapurmari, kuongorora kwemashure, nekutsvaga zviratidzo zveMarfan syndrome.
IAHA inonyatsotauri yeEECG, echocardiography, kana kuti test stress . Iyi miedzo yakachengeterwa vechidiki mune avo vanofungidzirwa nehutano hwepfungwa mushure mekuita nhoroondo yezvokurapa uye kuongorora kwepanyama.
Izvi Zvakakwana Here?
Kunyange zvazvo nyanzvi dzeAHA dzichifunga kuti chirongwa chekuongorora chinorondedzerwa chakakwana, nyanzvi dzeEurope dzinopesana. MuEurope, eEGG inokurudzirwa sechiitiko chekuongorora kuongorora kune vese vechidiki vechidiki.
Pane humwe huchapupu hunoratidza kuti kugara kweEECG kuongorora kunoita kusiyana kukuru. Zvisinei, kuongorora kutarisa kuitika kwekuongorora kwakaitwa muItaly, uko kuonekwa kwevatambi vane ECG kwakatanga muna 1984. Pakazosvika makore 1979 na2004, kukanganisa kwegore negore kwevatambi vakaderera kubva ku 3.6 pamakore 100 000 munhu kusvika 0.4 pa100,000 munhu wemakore. Ichi chidzidzo chinoratidza kuti kuongorora kweEECG kunobudirira, asi kuti huwandu hwehutachiona hweEECG kuvanhu vose hudiki.
Kunyange zvakadaro, kana kunyange humwe hupenyu hwomutambo wechidiki hunogona kuponeswa, hausi kuongorora here kunokosha?
Zvakanaka, kuti uve wakajeka, zvinoenderana nokuti ndiani ari kubhadhara kuongorora. Kana tikatarisira "sangano" kutora mari (kunyange, mapurogiramu ese ehutano yehutano yehutano kana mitero), mari yekuongorora (pamwe neongororo yekutevera inogona kuitika) inoratidzika isingabvumirwi. Zvimwe, zvinodaro kune vanhu vanonyora mazano eAHA, avo vane vashandi vehushuwarisi uye vakuru vehurumende vanoongorora zvakanyatsoita basa ravo.
Chimbofunga: Hapana anokakavadzana kana utsi hwekuona hunoponesa upenyu. Vanoita. Asi kana boka rezvenyanzvi rehurumende raifanira kusarudza kuti mari inotengeswa inofanira kushandiswa kutenga munhu wose anotsvaidza zviratidzo, vangakurumidza kugumisa kuti, pamubhadharo kumarudzi emadhora emamiriyoni gumi ehupenyu hunochengetedzwa, kusvuta zvinowona zvinodhura-zvinorambidzwa. Nenzira yakanaka, isu hatisi kubatanidza kutenga kwekutora utsi. Kwatiri, upenyu hunogona kuponeswa ndeyedu uye vadikanwi vedu, uye mari yevaya avo vanogona kuponeswa ndeye $ 19.95 chete. Zvinoratidzika sechinhu chakanaka.
Kana vanhu vakabhadhara ivo pachavo kuongorora ECG panzvimbo pokuvimba nevevanhu kuti vaite kudaro, mazano ekuongorora vheti vechidiki angave akasiyana chaizvo.
The Bottom Line
Kufa kamwe-kamwe kune vatambi vechidiki kunonzwisisika hazviwanzoitiki, uye kuongorora kwakajeka kwakakurudzirwa neAHA kuchabata vazhinji-asi kwete vose-vechidiki vari mungozi. Saka maAHA anokurudzira, izvo zvinotora chiitiko chisingawanzoitiki uye kuchiita kuti zvive nyore, zvinonzwisisa.
Kunyange zvakadaro, semubereki, iwe unogona kunge usingafari kupwanyisa zvakajeka kuongorora maitiro. Kana iwe unonyanya kunetseka pamusoro pomwana wako, taura nezvekunetseka kwako nechiremba wemwana wako. Kunyanya kuedzwa, kana iwe uchida, ndiyo kodzero yako semurwere. Zvisinei, zvinogonawo kunge iwe mutoro wako wezvemari.
Uye yeuka: Kunyange zvazvo zvingazarura zvinetso zvakakurudzira kuedza hazviiti, zvinogonawo kuisa mwana wako kune dzimwe njodzi. Taura pachena nechiremba wemwana wako kuitira kuti ugone kuwana ruzivo rwaunoda kuti uenzanise mungozi dzinogona kuitika uye kubatsira kwekuwedzera kuongorora.
> Sources:
> Corrado D, Basso C, Pavei A, et al. Mitambo yeSvondo Inotyisa Mwoyo muVechiduku Vasinganzwisisiki Vanotambira Mushure meKutevedzwa kweKugadzirira Kuongorora Purogiramu. JAMA 2006; 296: 1593.
> Maron, BJ, Thompson, PD, Ackerman, MJ, et al. Zvikurudziro uye Mafungiro Akabatanidzwa Mukugadzirira Kuongorora Kuora Kwemwoyo Kusagadzikana Kwevamwe Vanokwikwidzana: 2007 Kuvandudza: Scientific Statement kubva kuAmerican Heart Association Council pamusoro pezvokudya, Physical Activity, uye Metabolism: Inogamuchirwa neAmerican College of Cardiology Foundation. Circulation 2007; 115: 1643.