Yakatungamirirwa Nhungamiro Inotsigira Nzira Yakawedzerwa Yomunhu
Muna 2017, Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD), imwe nyika yemakambani ezvokurapa, yakarongedza mazano ayo pamusoro pekuongororwa uye kutarirwa kwechirwere chinokonzera kupora chirwere chepodemoni (COPD) .
Kubvira pakasunungurwa kare muna 2012, komiti yakagadzirisa zvikuru kuti vanachiremba vanorevei kutarisa chirwere ichi, kunyoresa tsanangudzo uye kuchinja nenzira iyo zviratidzo zvinongororwa uye mishonga yekurapa inorayirwa.
Sezvo masayendisiti achienderera mberi kuwana ruzivo pamusoro penguva refu yekugadzirisa nekubudirira kweCOPD mishonga, chinangwa chiri kuwedzera kuchinjwa kumurwere, kugadzirisa kurapwa kune mumwe munhu panzvimbo yekutenda kwechirwere.
Kuchinja Mukududzira
Pakati pekushandurwa kukuru mumushanduro we 2017 ndiyo tsanangudzo yeCOPD pachayo. Munguva yakapfuura, chirwere chacho chakanga chakanyatsorondedzerwa nehurongwa hwacho, kubva munzira dzekuvhiringidza kune nzira iyo chirwere chacho chaifambira mberi.
Hapachina. Munzvimbo yaro, komiti yeGOLD inotsanangura COPD se " chirwere chinowanzochengetedzwa, chinodzivirirwa uye chinoporesa chinoratidzwa nekuenderera mberi kwekuporesa zviratidzo uye kuperevedza kwemhepo ... kazhinji kunokonzerwa nekuratidzwa kwakanyanya kune zvinotyisa zvinokonzera kana magasi."
Hachiri chirwere ichi chinorondedzerwa maererano nehuwandu hwekuwedzera kana zvirwere zvekurwara kana zvirwere zvinorwara . Pane kudaro, inoputsika ichiita chikonzero chakajeka-uye-zvinoitika: kuisa sei chinhu chinotyisa (semidzanga) chinogona kukonzera kupfuurira kupora chirwere.
Kunyange zvazvo kuchinja uku kunogona kuonekwa sechinhu chisina kuitika, kunokunda chimwe chezvipingamupinyi zvakakura pakuongorora nekurapedza COPD. Iyo inobvuma kuti vanhu vasina hutachiona hwehupupuriro hwekudzivirira kwendege kunogona kuva nezviratidzo zvechirwere, dzimwe nguva zvakaoma.
Saka, panzvimbo yekurerura mabhiro emigumisiro pamusoro pemararamiro, vanachiremba zvino vanoisa pfungwa pamusana pemagumisiro, maitiro, uye ruzivo rwechirwere kutungamirira nzira yekurapa.
Kuchinja Mukunzwisisa Kwatinoita Kuwedzera Kwezvirwere
Nenharo dzakapesana kwave kuri kunzwisisa kwedu kwekuvandudzwa kwechirwere. Nepo patinonyanya kushamwaridzana neCOPD nekusvuta (kunotsanangurwa neGOLD komiti se "kuzvipa"), chokwadi chiri pachena ndechokuti havasi vose vanoputa vanowana COPD uye kwete vanhu vose vane COPD vanosvuta.
Gwaro rakagadziriswa yeGOLD rinobvuma kuti isu tisati tinyatsoziva kuti chikwata chinopihwa chiri maererano neani anowana COPD uye ndiani asingaiti. Mukuwedzera kune kuiswa kune fodya, komiti yeGOLD inoziva zvimwe zvingangodaro zvakabatana nechirwere, kusanganisira:
- Kushaya hupomba kumapfupa panguva yekuzvimba uye pauduku
- Kunyanya kunetseka kwemakemikari mumagariro emabasa
- Mhando dzakasiyana dzekusvibiswa kwemweya
- Mamiriro ehurombo hwehupfumi hwevanhu
- Dzimba dzisina kusimba dzakaputika
- Kunyanya kutsvaira mafuta (kusanganisira matanda emoto uye kubika mafuta)
- Zvimwe zvirwere zvepapu (zvakadai sebronchitis isingaperi kana zvirwere)
- Chirwere chisina kujairika chinopesana, zvichida kuberekwa kana chigumisiro chekufambira mberi kana kukuvara kwepapupa
Izvi zvinongotitaurira ndezvokuti, kusvikira tava nokunzwisisa zviri nani pathogenesis yechokwadi (chirwere chegwara) yeCOPD, tinoda kutarisa chirwere-uye zvikonzero zvechirwere-kubva pane zvakakosha zvakanyanya kudarika fodya uye fodya chete .
Kuchinja Mukurapa Maitiro
Munguva yakapfuura, zvirongwa zvekurapa zvakagadziriswa nemuedzo unozivikanwa se -post-bronchodilator FEV1 . Kubva pamigumisiro, chirwere chomunhu chichizobatanidzwa seA (unyoro), B (kuenzanisa), C (rakaoma), kana D (yakaoma kwazvo). Kurapa kwaizove kwakanyorerwa zvichienderana nekunyorera.
Mukuronga kwavo kwe2012, komiti yeGOLD yakarongedza mirayiridzo kuitira kuti ABCD kugovera yakagadziridzwa nezvose kuongororwa kwemigumisiro yebazi, kusanganisira FEV1 uye nhoroondo yemunhu weCOPD kuwedzera .
Dambudziko rezvinhu zviviri izvi ndezvekuti vakakundikana kubvuma kuti zviratidzo zveCOPD hazviwanzofananisi nechechi.
Imwe ruoko rumwe, munhu asina uchapupu hwekudzivirira kwemhepo kunogona kuva neCOPD zviratidzo zvakanyanya. Kune rimwewo, munhu ane uchapupu hwekudzivirira kwakanyanyisa angave ane zviratidzo zvishomanana uye anotarisira zvakanaka.
Nemhaka yeizvi, mazano matsva anokurudzira kuti mishonga yemishonga yeCOPD inofanira kutungamirirwa chete nezviratidzo zvemunhu wacho. Uyezve, kutsunga kunofanira kuve nekuzviongororwa nemurwere.
Vanachiremba vakawanda vakatotanga kuita izvi vachishandisa chirongwa cheCOPD chekuongorora (CAT) umo munhu wacho anokumbirwa kuenzana nekuoma kwezviratidzo kana kuora mwoyo pamwero we zero kusvika kune mashanu. Chiyero hachisi chinangwa chekutarisa kusimba kwezviratidzo asi kuti "zvakaipa" kana kuti "zvakanaka" munhu anoona chirwere chake. Aya mazano anogona kubatsira chiremba kufanotaura kuti munhu achabata sei kurapwa, izvo zvinogona kusanganisira mishonga, kurovedza muviri, kudya, uye kusvuta kusvuta .
Nokutsvaga kutarisa kumashure kumurwere, iyo mirayiridzo yeGOLD yakarongedzwa inotaura kukosha kwechiitiko chechipatara uye kutonga mukuronga kurapwa panzvimbo yekuteerera kune imwe-yakakosha-yakafanana-yose yebhuku rekutamba.
> Kwakabva:
> Roversi, S .; Corbetta, L .; uye Clini, E. "GOLD 2017 mazano kuvarwere veCOPD: kutarisa kune nzira yepamusoro," COPD Research and Practice. 2017; 3: 5. DOI: 10.1186 / s40749-017-0024-y.