Chirwere chinonzi melanoma, chinonyanya kukosha chekenza yeganda, chinowedzera mumasero (melanocytes) anogadzira melanin - iyo pigment inopa ganda rako ruvara. Melanoma inogonawo kuumba mumaziso ako uye, kazhinji, mumitumbi yomukati, yakadai sematumbo ako.
Chikonzero chaicho chezvose melanomas hachina kujeka, asi kusvibiswa kwe ultraviolet (UV) maharavira kubva kunezuva kana kuti mwenje yokuchenesa nemabhedha kunowedzera mukana wako wekuita melanoma.
Kudzikisa kusvibiswa kwako kumavhuvira eWV kunogona kubatsira kuderedza ngozi yako yean melanoma.
Ngozi yekanyaoma inoratidzika kuwedzera kune vanhu vanopfuura makumi mana, kunyanya vakadzi. Kuziva zviratidzo zvinonyevera zvekenza yepachirwere kunogona kubatsira kuve nechokwadi kuti kuchinja kwekenza kunoonekwa uye kunotapurirwa musati kenza yapararira.
Melanoma ndiyo yechisere yechisimba yakaipa muUnited States uye huwandu hwayo huri kuramba huchikwira pamwero wepamhanho kune weimwe kenza yevanhu. Mumakore ekuma1930 kuponeswa kwemaranoma kwaive kwakaderera, asi iye zvino makore mashanu nemakumi gumi ekupona kwemazana ari nani kupfuura 80 muzana.
Zviratidzo zveMelanoma
Melanomas inogona kukura kupi zvako mumuviri wako. Vanowanzokura munzvimbo dzakange dzave dzichiona zuva, dzakadai sedzoka rako, makumbo, maoko uye chiso. Melanomas inogonawo kuitika kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzisingagamuchiri zuva rakawanda, zvakadai semakumbo etsoka dzako, zvanza zvemaoko ako nemabhedha eminwe. Izvi zvinonyanya kuvanzika zvinowanikwa kune vanhu vane ganda rakasviba.
Chekutanga maranoma zviratidzo uye zviratidzo zvinowanzo:
- Kuchinja mune imwe iripo
- Kubudirira kwekukura kwemavara matsva kana kusingawanisiki paganda rako
Melanoma haisi nguva dzose inotanga se mole. Inogonawo kuitika pane imwe ganda rinowanzoonekwa.
Mhando dzeMelanoma
Kune machina mana makuru e-melanoma ane maitiro akajeka uye anokwanisa ma metastasis:
Lentigo Maligna
Iko maranoma anonyanya kuwanikwa pamusoro nepitsipa. Inotanga sechinhu chiduku, chisingaenzaniswi chinonzi pigmented patch ine miganhu isina kukwana uye mavara akasiyana-siyana mukati mejecha. Nokufamba kwenguva chikwata chinowedzera uye chinochengetedza zvinyorwa zvayo, zvisiri pamiganhu, uye mavara akasiyana. Iko maranoma angaramba akavharidzirwa uye akavharidzirwa epidermis kwemwedzi kusvika kumakore mazhinji, asi pane imwe nguva ichapinda mukati mehutanda hweganda, kuwedzerwa mikana yemasitasti.
Kupararira kwepamusoro
Iko maranoma anonyanya kuwanika padanda, maoko kumusoro, uye mahudyu, uye ndiyo inonyanya kufanana neanoranoma mumachindo machena. Inotanga duku duku ye macule iyo isingaenzaniswi, ine miganhu isina kukwana, uye ine mavara akasiyana. Iko maranoma anoramba ari muchigarire chakapfupi kwenguva shomanana kupfuura lentigo maligna rudzi rusati rwasvika mukati memvura yakadzika yeganda.
Nodular
Iko maranoma anokwanisa kuitika kune chero ganda remukoko asi anowanikwa kazhinji pane mutumbi, maoko kumusoro, uye mahudyu. Nhengo inonzi nodular ye melanoma ine chipfupi chiduku chepamusoro-famba isati yasvika yakasimudza chirungu uye inopinda mukati memadzikidzi akadzika eganda.
Iko maranoma angangodaro anonzi ulcerate uye aripo seasina kuporesa ganda rekuonda.
Acral-Lentiginous
Iko maranoma anonyanya kuwanika pamaoko, tsoka, uye mabheji emawere. Inoratidzwa mumarudzi ose asi inowanzowanikwa mumarudzi ane ruvara rwakasviba. Izvo zvakafanana ne-lentigo maligna uye runyararo rukuru rwokupararira mune kuti rine chikamu chakareba chakareba risati rapinda mukati memvura yakadzika yeganda.