Urticaria (mikoko) inowanzogadzirwa neganda iyo inobata kusvika 20 muzana yevanhu pane imwe nguva muupenyu hwavo. Kunyange zvazvo mhirizhonga yakawanda inenge ichienda pachayo isina kurapwa, vamwe vangada mishonga uye kuzvitarisira. Chisarudzo chekurapa chinonyanya kushanda pane chinokonzera chikonzero uye chinogona kusanganisira kupfuura-the-counter antihistamines, corticosteroids, anti-inflammatory drugs, monoclonal antibodies, kana kunyange bhenji rinotonhora.
Mishonga yeMusha
Zviitiko zvizhinji zve urticaria zvinokonzerwa nehutano. Izvo zvinogona kuve zvichikonzerwa nhamba ipi zvayo yezvinhu, kusanganisira kudya, zvinodhaka, mapureni, kana zvinhu zvakadai se latex kana nickel. Kunyange zvimwe zvinokonzera muviri-zvakadai sokupisa, kutonhora, kushushikana, zuva, kurovedza muviri, nekudengenyeka-zvinogona kubvisa mhinduro dzekuzvidzivirira mumuviri dzinotungamirira pakuumbwa kwemisango.
Kuzvibvisa iwe pachako kubva kunotora kungave kwakakwana kuti upe rusununguko. Kakawanda, mikoko yakaoma inofunga zvishoma uye kazhinji inogadzirisa mukati maawa kana mazuva mashoma pasina kurapwa.
Kana mikoko inonyanya kuoma, unogona kushandisa mvura inonaya, inotonhora inotonhorera kuti itsigise chidimbu uye inoderedza kuzvimba. Nzira yakanakisisa yekuita izvi ndeyokuchera machira mumudziyo wemvura yechando uye kuishandisa zvakananga paganda.
Kuti uwedzere kuderedza kusagadzikana, kupfeka zvipfeko zvisina kushandiswa zvinenge zvakagadzirwa nekotoni kana kushandiswa kwakasvibiswa, kusina kujeka kwakafanana neryononi. Dzivisa mvere, rineni, dhiim, kana shangu chero ipi zvayo inogona kutsamwisa ganda.
Iwe unofanirwawo kudzivisa kunetseka sezvo izvi zvinogona kuwedzera zviratidzo. Uye, chipi nechipi chaunoita, usatora.
Over-the-Counter (OTC) Mishonga
Iyo yakanakisisa, mushonga wekutanga-mutezo wemingano ndeye antihistamines . Dzinoshanda nekudzvinyirira histamine , kemikemikari yakagadzirwa nemusununguko wechirwere chemuviri unoita kuti zviratidzo zvekurwisa zvirwere.
Kuwanda kwemarudzi e urticaria, anopfuura-the-counter (OTC) antihistamine inogona kupa rubatsiro rwakakwana.
Kusiyana nezera rekare re antihistamine, mishonga mitsva inowanzo isiri yakarara uye inogona kuramba kwenguva yakareba maawa makumi maviri nemaviri. Dzinosanganisira:
- Allegra (fexofenadine)
- Claritin (loratadine)
- Xyzal (levocetirizine dihydrochloride)
- Zyrtec (cetirizine)
Migumisiro inowanzova ine unyoro uye inosanganisira mutsivi, muromo wakaoma, kuora mwoyo, kuvimbiswa, nekukanganiswa.
Bhenadryl (diphenhydramine) , an antihistamine yekare, inowanzodzivirirwa masikati nekuda kwekushanduka kwayo asi inogona kukubatsira kurara kana kunetseka kuchikuchengetedza usiku.
Histamine H2-receptor vanopikisa , vanozivikanwawo seH2 blockers, ndeimwe chikwata chemishonga dzimwe nguva chinoshandiswa mumutsara nema antihistamines. Inowanzonyorerwa kuti irope kupisa, H2 blockers inoshanda nekuderedza midziyo yeropa muganda uye, nokuita kudaro, kununura kubwinya uye kuputika. Dzinosanganisira dzakakurumbira mazita eOTC se:
Zvimwe zvinokonzera zvinosanganisira misoro, chizivi, chirwere, mutsara, kurwadziwa, uye kuputika.
Zvinyorwa
OTC antihistamines inogona kunge isina simba zvakakwana kuti ipe marudzi ose e urticaria. Ichokwadi, mamwe maitiro asingagumi angadikanwa mishonga yakasiyana zvakasiyana, kunyanya kana chinotyisa chiri chemuviri panzvimbo yekuraira.
Pakati pemishonga yemishonga inowanzoshandiswa ndeye antihistamines, corticosteroids, leukotriene modifiers, uye monoclonal antibody zvakagamuchirwa zvakagadziriswa chirwere chisingaperi chine urticaria.
Antihistamines
Clarinex (desloratadine) inonzi antihistamine yakafanana naClaritin neZyrtec asi inongowanikwa chete nemishonga. Icho chichikurumidza-kushanda kupfuura yeOTC formulations uye inogona kunge yakafanira kukanganisa kwakanyanya kana kupararira.
Kana usina kukotsira antihistamines inokundikana kupa rubatsiro, chiremba wako anogona kuraira Vistaril (hydroxyzine moyo) kuti inotorwa panguva yokurara. Iyo yakasimba antihistamine inoshandiswa kubata hutano hwakasiyana-siyana hweganda kusanganisira urinaria risingakanganwiki, kubata dermatitis , uye chirevo cher histamine (pruritus).
Zvimwe zvinokonzera zvinosanganisira misoro, kusuruvara kwepamuviri, uye maonero asina kunaka.
Corticosteroids
Kana antihistamine ikakundikana kupa ruzivo kunyange kana yakanyanya kuwedzerwa kana kukonzera kusagadzikana nemigumisiro, chiremba wako angasarudza kukubata iwe ne corticosteroids kukurumidza kukudzikisa pasi nekudzikama.
Corticosteroids is steroid yakagadzirwa nevanhu inogona kukanganisa maitiro ezvirwere zvezvirwere semapurisa. Saka kana chikonzero chacho chinokonzerwa neanoric kana autoimmune (iyo yose iyo inopindirana nemushuviriro wesimba), corticosteroids inogona "kuderedza" zviratidzo apo mamwe mishonga haigone. Prednisone inowanzonyatsorongedzerwa ichi uye inogona kuendeswa kana kujowa kana kuti mapiritsi.
Corticosteroids inogona kushandiswa chete kwenguva pfupi kurapwa pamusana pengozi yemigumisiro yakakomba, kusanganisira osteoporosis, glaucoma, uye chirwere cheshuga.
Leukotriene Modifiers
Leukotriene modifiers zvinodhaka zvinowanzoshandiswa kurapa mweya. Vanoshanda nekudzivirira kusunungurwa kwekateukriene, chinhu chisingangotori kukanganisa kwemafunguro emhepo asi kunokurudzira kuputika.
Nokugadzirisa iyo yekupedzisira, i-leukotriene modifiers inoita seyakashanda mukurapa mamwe maitiro eurticaria yakaoma (zvikurukuru iyo inokonzerwa nechikafu kana aspirin) pamwe nemhando dzisingagumi (dzakadai sokupisa-kana kuitisa-kunokonzerwa nechilinergic urticaria ).
Leukotriene modifiers inogona kushandiswa yoga kana inosanganiswa ne antihistamine. Izvo zviviri zvinokurudzirwa zvinoshandiswa zvinosanganisira:
- Accolate (zafirlukast)
- Singulair (montelukast )
Nzira dzinowanzobatwa neukwekotriene modifiers dzinosanganisira misoro, kusuruvara, kurutsa, kusuruvara, uye kusagadzikana.
Doxepin
Doxepin inonzi tricyclic antidepressant iyo inoshandawo se antihistamine ine simba. Kana inorayirwa mumutengo wakaderera, doxepin inogona kuva yakakosha zvikuru mukurapa mikoko inoramba iripo uye isingazivikanwi yakabva (inonzi chronic idiopathic urticaria).
Doxepin inofanira kushandiswa pasi pekutarisirwa kwehutano sezvo inozivikanwa kuti inokonzera kuzviuraya kune vana uye vaduku vakuru vane nhoroondo yekuora mwoyo kana zvimwe zvirwere zvepfungwa. Dzimwe mimwe migumisiro inosanganisira kugona, kuoma muromo, kupera simba, kuora musoro, kuneta, dutu, uye mafungiro anochinja.
Doxepin inotengeswa pasi pemazita emhando dzakasiyana-siyana kusanganisira Silenor, Zonalon, uye Prudoxin.
Xolair (Omalizumab)
Xolair (omalizumab) chirwere chinopindwa muropa chinotarisirwa kune vanhu vane mweya wechimumu vasina kukwanisa kugamuchira corticosteroids. Munguva pfupi yapfuura, yakagamuchirwa kurapa chirwere chisingaperi chine idiopathic urticaria kana mamwe mishonga yashaya.
Xolair inonzi monoclonal antibody inodzivirira puroteni, inozivikanwa se immunoglobulin E (IgE) , iyo inotora chikamu chakakosha mukurapa uye mamwe marudzi e urticaria uye dermatitis. Nezvo zvichitaura, masayendisiti haanyatsoziva kuti Xolair inoshanda sei semashure matsva isinganzwisisiki-kana kutungamirirwa zvakananga neIgE.
Zvimwe zvinokonzerwa nemigumisiro inosanganisira injection nzvimbo yekudzivirira uye kurwadziwa, kukwegura, mutsiva, kuneta, kukurumidza kwemoyo, uye chifu chechisimba.
Mishonga Inobatsira Dzakasiyana (CAM)
Kunyange zvazvo mishonga yakawanda yakawedzera uye yakasiyana (CAMs) yakakurudzirwa kubata chirwere chakanyanya uye chisingaperi chisingaiti, uchapupu huripo iye zvino huripo husina simba. Izvi zvinonyanya kuitika nehupenyu husingagumi urticaria iyo inonzwisisika yedu yemamiriro ekushayikwa.
Mamwe maCAM angangodaro asina kungobatsira, anogona kukurisa zviratidzo pane kuvandudza. Chimwe chimiro chakadai chikafu, chinonhuwira chakakura chinowanikwa semishonga yemikoko. Pasinei nezvirevo izvi, curcumin (iyo inoshandiswa inopa turmeric tsvuku yaro) yakave ichizivikanwa kuti inotanga kugunzva dermatitis pamwe nekusingaperi urticaria mune vamwe vanhu.
Dzimwe mishonga yemasikirini, yakadai seAloe vera gel , inogona kuponhora hutu asi haichazoiti chero chimwe chinhu kunze kwekunyora kunokonzera.
Kana ukasarudza kushandisa chiremba kana mishonga yemagariro chero ipi zvayo, iva nechokwadi chekurudzira chiremba wako kuti ave nechokwadi chokuti haibatanidzi nemishonga yako yaungatora. (St. John's Wort, somuenzaniso, inogona kuderedza kusanganiswa kwe antihistamine muropa rako).
Pakati pemishonga inobatanidza inogona kubatsira:
Colloidal Oatmeal Baths
Kana kuora uye kuzvimba kuchiita kuti iwe upeswe, nzira yakakurumidza yokuregererwa inogona kuva yakashambidza mvura. Iko kunowedzera kuderedza midziyo yakakanganiswa yeropa uye tempers hyperactive nerve signals. Chimwe chiwedzere chinogona kubatsira zvakanyanya kubvisa kuvhiringidzika kwepanyika ndiko colloidal oatmeal.
Kunyange zvazvo tsvakurudzo yemazuva ano isiri kureve, dzimwe dzidzo shomanana dzakaratidza kuti colloidal oatmeal-mafuta anogadziriswa akaiswa mumvura, gel, kana kamu-anogona kuderedza kuoma kwekuchenesa paanenge achigadziridza ganda rinopisa. Iyo yakawanda inowanikwa sekushambidza kwekushambidza kana kuti kuvepa kunonyorera.
Kana uchida kuwedzererwa, chengeta yako colloidal oatmeal lotion mufiriji nguva ipi zvayo inowanikwa yakaipa chaizvo.
Mind-Body Therapies
Apo kushungurudzika hakuiti "kukonzera" urticaria per se, zvakajeka kuti inogona kukurisa zviratidzo, zvikurukuru kune vane nguva yakareba vanorwara. Vanhu vanowanzotendeukira kumurangariro wemuviri mupfungwa sezvavanobvuma basa redu mafungiro nemanzwiro atinoita muhutano hwedu hwose nekuona kwehupenyu.
Mimwe miitiro inogona kubatsira mukuderedza kushungurudzika. Dzinosanganisira:
- Kufungisisa, kunokudzidzisa nzira yekugadzirisa mafungiro ako kubva pamanzwiro epanyama
- Kufema kunobatsira muviri (pranayama), chiito chekufungisisa umo iwe unofungisisa huri pamusoro pekufema maitiro
- Mifananidzo inotungamirirwa, iyo yaunoita kugadzirisa mafungiro emagariro
- Kufambira mberi kwemuviri mushure (PMR), umo iwe unofunga mupfungwa uye kusunungura misungo yako imwe neimwe
> Sources:
> Bernstein, J .; Lang, D ;; Khan, D. et al. Kuongororwa uye kutungamirirwa kwehutachiona uye husingaperi urticaria: 2014 update. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2014; 133 (5): 1270-7. DOI: 10.1016 / j.jaci.2014.02.036.
> De Silva, N .; Damayanthi, H ;; Rajapakse, A. et al. Leukotriene receptor vanopikisa kwechigarire urticaria: kugadzirisa kuongorora. Chirwere cheAllergy Chirwere Chirwere Immunol. 2014; 10 (1): 24. DOI: 10.1186 / 1710-1492-10-24.
> Fadus, M .; Lau, C .; Bikhchandani, J. et al. Curcumin: An-anti-inflammatory and anti-neoplastic agent. J Kutongwa Kuzadzisa Med . 2016; 7 (3): 339-346. DOI: 10.1016 / j.jtcme.2016.08.002.
> Reynertson, K .; Garay, M .; Nebus, J. et al. Zvirwere zvinopesana nokuvhiringidza zve colloidal oatmeal (Avena sativa) zvinobatsira pakubudirira kwehuti mukurapa kwechitsva chinosangana necheka, ganda rakatsamwa. J Zvinodhaka Dermatol. 2015 Jan; 14 (1): 43-8.