Nzira Yatsva Inoshandiswa Kuona Maitiro Echo
FISH inomirira fluorescent in situ hybridization. FISH kuongororwa, kana kushandiswa kweFISH sezvinonzi dzimwe nguva kunotaurwa, inzira itsva ye cytogenetic iyo inobvumira cytogeneticist kuziva kuti vangani makopi echromosome inenge iripo pasina kutora matanho ose anobatanidzwa mukugadzira karyotype . Semuenzaniso, kuongorora kweFISH kunogona kukurumidza kukuudza kuti vangani nhamba 21 makromosomes aripo, asi haagoni kukuudza chero chinhu pamusoro pezvakagadzirirwa ma chromosomes.
Iyo Inoshanda Sei
FISH kuongororwa kunowanzoitwa pamashizha akafanana sekaryotype - ropa, amniocytes kana chorionic villi muenzaniso. Chiyero cheFISH chinoshandiswa uchishandisa purojekiti ye fluorescent iyo inosungirirana kune mamwe ma chromosomes. Aya majekiseni e fluorescent akaitwa eDNA chaiwo kune mamwe ma chromosomes uye akabatanidzwa nea fluorescent dye. Masero anoshandiswa mukutsvakurudza kweFISH haafaniri kukura kana kukwidziridzwa (izvo zvinogona kutora mazuva manomwe kusvika kune gumi), saka migumisiro yekutsvaga kweFISH inowanikwa zvakanyanya kudarika mhinduro dze karyotype.
Kazhinji, muenzaniso unowanikwa uye unotumirwa ku laboratori uye ma chromosomes ari oga pane slide. Zviratidzo zvinoshandiswa pane slide uye zvinobvumirwa kuti zvinyengedze (kana kuti kuwana mutsara) kwemaawa anenge gumi nemaviri. Nemhaka yokuti mapurogiramu akaitwa eDNA, ivo vachasunga "DNA" inoenderana nekromosome yavo chaiyo. Somuenzaniso, shanduro yakagadzirirwa DNA yakanangana nekromosome 21 ichasunga kune nhamba ipi neipi yechromosome iripo.
Mushure mekushambadzira (kana kunamatira), slide inoongororwa pasi microscope inokosha iyo inogona kuona zviratidzo zve fluorescent. Nokuverenga nhamba yezviratidzo zve fluorescent, cytogeneticist inogona kusarudza kuti ingani yekromosome yakadaro iripo. Semuenzaniso, munhu asina Down syndrome achava nemirairo mbiri yefluorescent inoenderana nema-chromosomes azvo maviri .
Munhu ane trisomy 21 achava nezviratidzo zvitatu zve-fluorescent zvinowirirana nemakromosomes awo matatu nhamba 21. Kazhinji, cytogeneticists inoshandisa probes kune 13, 18, 21, X uye Y chromosomes. Aya ndiwo ma chromosomes anogona kuita kuti trisomies kuvanhu.
Kuongorora Down Syndrome
Kunyange zvazvo iyo isingatarisi yakarongeka chaiyo yemakromosomes akaongororwa, FISH analysis ingakuudza kuti mangani emakopi echromosome inenge iripo. Mu Down syndrome, cytogeneticist inoshandisa probes nokuda kwenhamba 21 chromosome. Kana pane zviratidzo zvitatu zvefluorescent zvinowanikwa pasi pe microscope, ipapo kuongororwa kwe Down syndrome kunoitwa.
Iko FISH Kuedza kuenzanisa sei neKaryotype?
KUSANGWA kweFISH kunongokuudza kuti mamwe makromosomes aripo uye vangani avo varipo. Semuenzaniso, chiitiko chinowanzoitwa neFISH chichakuudza kuti sei 13, 18, 21, X uye Y chromosomes zviripo mune samuenzaniso reamniotic fluid. Kuongorora kweFISH hakuzokupei ruzivo pamusoro pemarudzi ose echromosome uye hazvizokupa ruzivo pamusoro pechimiro chaiyo che chromosomes.
Kubatsirwa
Kubatsira kukuru kweFISH ndeyekuti inokwanisa kupa ruzivo nezvemamwe ma kromosomes nokukurumidza. Semuenzaniso, mumazuva matatu kusvika mana, rinogona kutaurira kuti mangani emakopi echiromosome nhamba yemumwe munhu angave ane.
Kusiyana neizvi, chizvarwa chekaryotype chinogona kutora kusvika mavhiki maviri.
Kukanganisika
Kunyanya kukanganisa kweFISH kuenzaniswa nekuenzaniswa nekaryotyping ndeyokuti kuongorora kweFISH kunokupa zvishoma zvishoma pamusoro pemakromosomes ose ari kudzidza. Semuenzaniso, chiitiko chekare chechirwere cheFISH chichakuudza kuti vangani nhamba gumi, 18, 21, X uye Y chromosomes dziripo (kureva kuti, kana pane mabhii maviri kana matatu) asi hazvizokupi chero ruzivo rwemamwe ma chromosomes kana chero ruzivo rupi zvaro pamusoro pechimiro chaiyo che chromosomes.
Chii Chakubvunza Dhigirii Wako
- Iro laboratori yaunoshandisa inoita FISH kuongororwa here?
- Inishuwarenzi yangu inobhadhara mari yekutengesa FISH?
- Ichokwadi sei kuti FISH kuongorora Down syndrome?
- Ichatora nguva yakareba sei kuti iwane FISH migumisiro (kubva kumamnio yangu kana CVS)?
- Iro rebhu inoitawo karyotype yakazara here?
- Zvinotora nguva yakareba sei kuwana mhinduro dze karyotype?
Pasi Pasi
Kuongorora kwehove kunobatsira pakupa nekukurumidza, asi zvishoma, ruzivo, pamusoro pemakromosomes emu fetus. Zvakanaka kwazvo kupindura mubvunzo uyu - "Mwana wangu ane trisomy 21 here?" Asi inopa ruzivo rwakawanda pamusoro pezvimwe zvinokonzerwa nekromosome zvisiri izvo zvakadai sekuendesa uye kusunungura.
Sources
American College yeVachizvidzivirira uye Gynecologists (ACOG). Kuchengetedza Fetal Chromosomal Kusagadzikana. ACOG Practice Bulletin, nhamba 77, January 2007.
National Human Genome Research Institute. Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (FISH), 2008.