Chikonzero Nei Madakanchi Achiri Kuvimba Nevododopa muChipinson's Treatment
Levodopa inonzi ndiyo yegoridhe yemhando ye dopamine inotsiva chirwere muPalinson's disease. Mushonga wacho wakagadzirwa muma1960 makore mazhinji mushure meJames Parkinson muna 1817 akanyora pamusoro pezviratidzo zvemazuva ano tinoziva sehosha yaPasinson. Makumi emakore gare gare, levodopa ichiri chirwere chinowanzoshandiswa chirwere ichi chisingaperi.
Kana inotorwa nemuromo, levodopa inopinda muropa kubva mumukati muduku.
Iko zvino inoshandurirwa ku dopamine nemakemikari ari muuropi, iyo inobatsira kutora chinonzi neurotransmitter icho chave chakarasikirwa sezvo uropi pachake hune dopamine-inobudisa neurons kufa.
Nzira yevaRevhi vanoshanda sei
Levodopa inenge iri nguva dzose yakabatanidzwa nemishonga yemarbidopa (sezvinoitwa zita rechirwere cheSinemet), iyo inobatsira kutsvaga kubudirira kweevodopa uye kudzivirira mishonga kuti irege kuputsika muropa risati yasvika muuropi. Panzvimbo pekukwirira kwepamusoro kwaidiwa pakutanga, kuwedzerwa kwecarbidopa kunobvumira kuti levodopa ipiwe mune zviduku zvishoma. Izvi zvinoderedza kushungurudza uye kurutsira, kazhinji kunokanganisa migumisiro yechirwere. MuEurope, levodopa inosanganiswa nemuumbi wakasiyana-siyana unonzi benserazide ane shanduko yakafanana muzita rezita remishonga madopar.
Dopamine inotsiva therapy inoshanda zvakanyatsonaka mukudzivirira motokari zviratidzo uye inobatsira kuvandudza kushanda kwezuva nezuva kwevaya vanobatwa naPasinson.
Kunyange zvakadaro, inogonawo kukonzera miitiro yakakura yakadai sedyskinesias (kushungurudzika kunofambisa mafambiro), izvo zvinogona kuderedza kuwanda kwemishonga inogona kushandiswa. Izvi zvinoita kuti vanhu vakawanda vave pasi-pasi sezvakaenzana nehuwandu hwekushandura dopamine vanogona kuzvitsungirira. Dzimwe nguva, migumisiro yakaipa yakaipa kudarika zviratidzo zvepakutanga zvichirapwa.
Uyezve, haritauri nezvemasikirwo ezviratidzo zvePasinson, ayo anozivikanwa kuti anokonzera kuwanda kwehurema kune varwere.
Levodopa Side Effects
Zvimwe zvinokonzerwa neDopamine zvinotsiviwa nehutachiona zvinosanganisira, asi hazvirevi kune, kushungurudza, kusuruvara, kuderera kwemuropa, kuora musoro, nemuromo wakaoma. Mune vamwe vanhu zvinogona kukonzera kuvhiringidzika uye mazano. Mune nguva refu, kushandisa dopamine kushandiswa kunogonawo kutungamirira kune dyskinesias uye kuchinja kwemotokari (kureva, mamwe akawanda "kubva" nguva apo mishonga isiri kushanda zvakanaka).
Zvinyorwa zveDopamine Replacement Therapies
Dopamine inoshandiswa pakushandura iyo inowanikwa mumhando dzakasiyana-siyana uye kusanganiswa. Izvo zvinowanzogadziriswa ndezvokuti:
Levodopa / Carbidopa: Uku kusanganiswa kunouya mu-short-acting form (Sinemet) pamwe chete nemakore akawanda (Sinemet CR) iyo inongoda kaviri-zuva rimwe zuva. Levodopa / carbidopa inouyawo muhwendefa rinoparadzanisa mumuromo (Parcopa) risingatsvaki mvura kutora uye inobatsira avo vane matambudziko ekumedza.
Levodopa / Carbidopa / Entacapone: Stalevo irimwe zita rechigadzirwa kwenguva refu yekugadzira dopamine replacement iyo kuwedzera kune levodopa uye carbidopa ine mishonga yakawedzerwa entacapone, iyo inowedzera kuwedzera kwekugadzirisa kwekugadzirisa uku kunobvumira kwenguva refu nguva.
Parizvino inowanikwa chete muCanada neEurope, levodopa / carbidopa gel (Duodopa) inomirira dopamine replacement iyo inopihwa zvakananga mumucheche muduku kuburikidza nechigadzirwa chinogadzirwa. Iyo inoshandiswa zvakanakisisa kune avo vane zvirwere zvakanyanya vasingagoni kuwana simba pamusoro pekudzivirira kwavo motokari zviratidzo nemimwe mishonga inowanikwa. Nokushandisa pomp system yakafanana ne insulin pump mune chirwere cheshuga, Duodopa inokwanisa kuendesa mishonga ichiripo zuva rese.
Izwi rakakurumbira rokuti "yekare ndarama" zvechokwadi rinotaura chokwadi pazvinouya kune levodopa. Pasinei nekufambira mberi mumunda wekutsvakurudza kwepatachipatara yaPasinson, hapana imwe mishonga mitsva yakaratidza kuti inoshanda seyevodopa maererano nekudzivirira zviratidzo zvechirwere ichi.
Zvisinei, migumisiro yemigumisiro, kunyanya iyo yakareba kwenguva refu inosanganisira kuchinja kwemoto uye dyskinesias, inogadzirisa kubudirira kwayo kwechokwadi seyakakodzera kurapwa.
Sources:
Parkinson's Disease Clinic uye Research Center. Matambudziko aPacinsinson Mishonga . UCSF, 2014.
"Kurapa Kwemishonga." - Parkinson's Disease Foundation (PDF) . Parkinson's Disease Foundation, nd