Dambudziko Nekutengesa Gender Dysphoria uye Autism

Cisgenderism ndiko kusarura kwevakadzi

Kurwisa kunotsanangurwa sezvirwere zviviri zvisingaperi kana mamiriro ezvinhu anowanika panguva imwechete mumunhu mumwe chete. Semuenzaniso, chirwere cheshuga uye chirwere chepfungwa chinowanzowanikwa, izvo zvinonzwisisika nokuti shuga yakanyanya yeropa iripo muropa revanhu vane chirwere cheshuga inopedza kukanganisa mitsipa nemidziyo yeropa yemoyo. Kunyangwe kune humwe humwe uchapupu kunze uko hunoita kuti masayendisiti akawanda uye vanachiremba vataure kuti autism uye zvepabonde dysphoria semakorbidity, hukama uhwu hwakaoma.

Kusiyana nechirwere cheshuga uye chirwere chemwoyo, hukama hwepatiphysiological pakati pepabonde dysphoria uye autism hakunzwisisiki. Mune mamwe mazwi, tinogona kungofungidzira kuti mumwe anobata sei mumwe. Uyezve, kudyidzana kwemamiriro maviri aya kunoita kuti kurapwa kunyanya kuoma. Uyezve pane imwe nyaya chaiye iyo inobatanidza zvepabonde dysphoria ku autism inzira yakashata yokusarura.

Gender Dysphoria Plus Autism

Mumakore achangobva kupfuura, kunzwisisa kwedu, kuongororwa , uye mazwi ekufananidzira kwechikadzi dysphoria uye autism zvakashanduka.

Pakutanga kunonzi kutengesa zvepabonde uye gare gare gender-chirwere chekuziva, chirwere chepabonde chinonzi dysphoria ndicho chinyorwa chemazuva mashoma chinotaura nezvemamiriro ezvinhu apo munhu anonzwa akaora mwoyo kune imwe yechiratidzo chisingazivikanwi pakati pehutano hwakagadzirirwa uye hutano hunozivikanwa. Uyezve, vanhu vane chirwere chepabonde dysphoria vanoshuva kuva vamwe vakadzi uye vanowanzoita matanho ekugutsa chido ichi.

Semuenzaniso, munhu ane chirwere chepabonde dysphoria uyo akapiwa murume wechikadzi paanenge aberekwa anganzwa akaora mwoyo nebasa iri nokuti rinonzwa risina kururama asi pane chido chinoda kuva mukadzi. Kunyange zvazvo chirwere chemahara chinopararira pakati pevanhu vakagoverwa varumekadzi pavanenge vakaberekwa, chinowanikwawo kune vakadzi, vane mahara kubva 1: 10,000 kusvika 1: 20,000 uye 1: 30,000 uye 1: 50,000 mumurume akaberekwa nevakadzi uye vakaberekwa vakaberekwa , maererano.

Autism, kana kuti zvisinganyanyi kuwirirana uye zvakakodzera zvakanyanya autism spectrum disorder, ine zviratidzo zvakasiyana-siyana, unyanzvi, nekuremara zvinosvibisa hukama hwevanhu, tsika, uye kuzvimirira. Vanhu vane autism vanowanzoratidza maitiro ekudzokorora uye zvishoma. Vanhu ava vanogona kuva nezvinetso Mumamiriro evanhu, kuchikoro, uye kubasa. Maererano neCDC, mumwe wevanhu 68 ane autism.

Zvidzidzo zviduku zvishomanana zvakaitwa kuedza kuenzanisa kusangana pakati pevidism uye dysphoria. Semuenzaniso, muna 2010, deVries uye vashandi pamwe navo vakashuma kuti 7,8 muzana yevana nevechiri kuyaruka vakaonekwa nehutano dysphoria vakaonekwawo vane autism. Muna 2014, Pasterski nevakashanda navo vakawana kuti 5.5 kubva muzana yevanhu vakuru vane chirwere chepabonde dysphoria chaivawo nezviratidzo zvinoratidza kuzvikudza.

Kufungidzira Kubatanidza Autism uye Gender Dysphoria

Kunyange zvazvo mafungiro akawanda akave akarongedzwa kuti awirirane neAvism kune zvepabonde dysphoria, pane kusava nesimba kwehupupuriro hwakatsigira huzhinji hwekufungidzira. Uyezve, humwe uchapupu hunotsigira "pfungwa" idzi (kunyanya, kunyatsofungidzira) ndezvepamusoro penzvimbo uye kazhinji zvakaoma kubatanidza pamwe mumashoko anogadzikana uye akakurumbira. Kunyange zvakadaro, regai titarise zvimwe zvezvikonzero izvi:

1. Maererano nehutano hwehutano hwemurume , vakadzi vane shungu yekufunga nemashoko ane tsitsi; asi, varume vakanyanya kugadzikana mukufunga kwavo. Uyezve, huwandu hwakawanda hwe testosterone (mukono wemhomoni) mudumbu hunoita hutano hwakanyanya hwehupombwe kana hutungamiri hwemurume, hunotungamirira ku autism uye zvepabonde dysphoria. Kunyange zvazvo kune humwe uchapupu hushoma hunotsigira humwe hutsva hunokonzerwa nekunyanyisa kwehutano hwehutano hwemurume, kumwe kukanganisa kunopisa ndekwokuti kuwedzera kwezviitiko zve testosterone zvinotungamirira kumurume hwehuropi hazvitsananguri kuti sei vakomana vakagadzwa nevakadzi, avo vane hutano hwechikadzi, vanoita autism uye chirwere chechikadzi dysphoria paakaiswa kune zvakakwirira zve testosterone. Pane kudaro, ava vakomana vanofanira kunge vane hypermasculinized uye kunyange varume vakawanda mukufunga kwavo. Nokudaro, pfungwa iyi inotsanangura kuti nei vasikana vangava nemamiriro ezvinhu aya.

1. Kuoma nekubatana kwevanhu kwakashandiswawo kutsanangura kukurudzirwa kwehutano dysphoria muvana vane autism. Somuenzaniso, mukomana ane autism uyo anotambudzwa nevamwe vakomana angave asina kufarira vamwe vakomana uye anoziva nevasikana.
2. Vanhu vane autism vane kuoma kukurukura nevamwe. Izvi zvingaita kuti vamwe vasafambidzana nehutano pamusoro pehutano hwakagadziridzwa hunogona kuwedzera mukana wekuvandudza hutano hwechikadzi. Mune mamwe mazwi, nokuti vamwe vanhu havatori pamashoko ehutano hwemwana, mwana wacho haasi kutarisirwa nemafashoni akaenderana nehutano hwakagadzirirwa uye, saka, inogona kunge yakanyanya kuenderera mberi kukudziridza dysphoria .
3. Gender dysphoria inogona kuva kuratidzwa kwe autism, uye maitiro e-autistic-anofanana nawo anogona kukonzera dysphoria zvepabonde. Semuenzaniso, mwana ane varume vane hutano nehutori hungave anototanga kubatanidzwa nevakadzi, mboni, uye mabasa. Zvechokwadi, izvi zvinoratidzika zvepabonde dysphoria zvingave zvisina hutano dysphoria zvachose asi panzvimbo yeOCD.
4. Vana vane autism vanogona kuratidza kusagadzikana maererano nekusiyana kwepabonde. Vanogona kunge vane nguva yakaoma kuyananisa kusiyana pakati pezvavakapiwa uye vane ruzivo kana kuti vanoda zvepabonde. Izvi kuwedzera mumatambudziko zvinogona kuwedzera kukurudzika kwepabonde nekuita kuti zvive zvakaoma kuti vatungamirire manzwiro aya.
5. Imwe tsvakurudzo inoratidza kuti kusiyana nevechiri kuyaruka vane hutano hwepabonde chete, vechidiki vane autism uye zvepabonde dysphoria havawanzokwekwe kune nhengo dzehutano hwavo hwakagadziriswa (kureva, iyo isingaiti ungochani hutano hwepabonde). Iboka iri revanhu rinogona kuve rakanyanya kuoma zviratidzo uye zvinetso zvepfungwa.
6. Kare, dzimwe nyanzvi dzakaratidza kuti vanhu vane autism vakanga vasingakwanisi kuumba chimiro chevanhukadzi-izvi zvakabva zvaramba. Zvisinei, kunyangadza mukukurudzirwa kwehutano chimiro kana tsika yakashandurwa yehutano hunobudirira hunoita kuti zvive nehutano hwehutano hwechikadzi. Uyezve, kukanganisa mukufungidzira uye tsitsi, izvo zvinowanzoonekwa nevanhu vane autism, zvinogona kuita kuti zviome kuti vanhu vane autism vaone kuti ndevamwe boka revakadzi.

Kurapa Kunobatsira

Kunyangwe isu tisati tisinganzwisisi ukama chaihwo pakati pevistism uye zvepabonde dysphoria, hazvina kurega vamwe vakiriniki kubva kuongororwa nemamiriro maviri aya pamwe chete mumunhu mumwechete uye zvino kubata mamiriro aya, zvakare.

Kurapa kwepabonde dysphoria muvechiri kuyaruka ne autism kwakazara nekukwanisa kwemigumisiro isingatarisirwi uye isingagadziriswi.

Kunyangwe zvazvo kune zvimwe zvisati zvisingabvumirano maonero evanhu kana mazano ekurapa maitiro ekubata nayo dysphoria kune avo vane autism, muna 2016, vatsvakurudzi vakabudisa sarudzo yekutanga yemakiriniki emitemo mu Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology zvichienderana nemhinduro yevadzidzisi vakasiyana-siyana. Pano pane mamwe mazano:

• Kana pasina kliniki ane unyanzvi mune zvose zvechimism uye chirwere chepabonde, kuwirirana kwechikadzi dysphoria uye autism kunofanira kuongororwa nekliniki yekliniki inosanganisira vadzidzisi vevakadzi nevakadzi. Uyezve, inofanira kunge inotora nguva yakawanda kuti iongorore uye inobata kuwirirana kwemamiriro aya. Mune mamwe mazwi, zvakanakisisa kuti usakurumidza kupinda muongorori uye kurapwa uye funga zvinhu kuburikidza neboka revanyanzvi.
• Kurapa kwepabonde dysphoria uye autism kunowanzosangana. Mushure mekutarirwa kurapwa kweA autism, wechidiki anogona kuwana njere dzakanakisisa, kufungisisa mafungiro uye unyanzvi hwokukurukura unobatsira pakunzwisisa hutano. Zvido zvepabonde zvinofanira kuongororwa pamusana pacho. Nzwisiso isina kukwana panyaya dzepabonde inogona kuita kuti zvive zvakaoma kune munhu ane autism kuti afunge mirefu kwenguva yakareba yezvisarudzo zvavo. Vachiri kuyaruka vanofanira kupiwa nguva yekunyatsonzwisisa zvinetso zvavo zvepabonde uye vanzwisise zvavanoda uye zvido zvavo. Uyezve, pane dzimwe nguva kune zvisiri zvinyorwa zvehutano izvo zvinoda pokugara. Zvichida, mwana ari kuyaruka ane chirwere chepabonde dysphoria haafaniri kupfeka mune zvemaitiro asina kufanana kana kutora rimwe zita.
• Vachiri kuyaruka uye vabereki vavo vanofanira kugamuchira zvepfungwa-dzidzo nekupa mazano pamusoro pezvakaitika zve autism uye dysphoria.
• Hapana kubvumirana pamusoro pekurapa kunogona kutorwa. Kubvuma kurapa kunogona kuva kwakaoma kune vechidiki vane autism uye zvepabonde dysphoria nekuti vanhu ava vane dambudziko rekuziva njodzi dzenguva refu uye zvinogadziriswa zvisingabvumirwi zvehumwe hutano hwehutano. Chiremba anofanirwa kukura chirongwa chakanaka chokubvumirana nehungwaru uye zvikwereti zvinowanikwa mukrete, nhanho-euchenjeri uye nzira inogamuchirwa. Kuberekwa kutsvaga kushandisa mahomoni ndiyo nzira yakanaka yevechiri kuyaruka vanobvumirana nokuti inogona kuchinja. Kunyange zvazvo kana ichinge yarega, mahomoni epabonde anogona kuva nemigumisiro yakawanda. Vamwe vatsvakurudzi vanokurudzira kumirira kutarisira mahomoni epabonde uye kuita chirwere chokuvhiya kusvikira munhu mukuru apo hutano chimiro chiri pachena.

Cisgenderism

Pakupera kwe2011, Psychology ye Women Women Section (POWS), Natacha Kennedy yakapa hurukuro inokosha iyo inoita nharo yakasimba iyo inojekesa ukama huripo pakati pevistism uye dysphoria inonyanya kuve chimiro checisgenderism kana kusarura.

Maererano naKennedy, tsika dzechicisgenderism dzinotsanangurwa sezvizvi:

• kushandiswa kwetsika uye kukanganisa kwevanhu vanofambisa
• izvo zvinokosha zvehutano
• bhinary yevakadzi
• kusagadzikana kwehutano
• izvo zvinowanikwa kunze kwepabonde

Chimiro cisgenderism inogonesa uye inoita kuti munhu anocherechedza aise munhu ane zvepabonde, asina ruzivo rwomumwe munhu.

Izvi zvinotanga pakuberekwa apo mwana anopiwa chirwere chepabonde uye anoenderera mberi muupenyu hwose sezvo vamwe vanoita mitezo pamusoro pehutano hwemunhu. Vanhu veTransgender vanobva vasangana nekuongororwa uye kurapwa kuti ave nehutano hutsva hunosimbiswa kunze uye huripo. Zvisinei, izvi zvose zvinotarisa kuti hutano hunowanikwa (kana murume kana mukadzi), husingashanduki, hunokosha, uye kwete hutachiona.

Kunyange zvazvo iri ruzivo nesu tose, cisgenderism haitauri pamusoro pehurukuro yavose. Zvinongoitika chete. Semuenzaniso, isu tinongotanga kutaura kuti iye nemamwe kune vamwe, taura zvipfeko semurume kana mukadzi uye tarisira vamwe kuti vashandise mukono kana mukadzi wekugezera.

Vachiri kuyaruka vane dysphoria vanoona nezvechiisgenderism uye vanoziva kuti kazhinji hazvigamuchirwi nevanhu kuti vaite zvisarudzo zvisingawirirani maererano nehutano. Somugumisiro, ava vanoyaruka vanodzivisa zvisarudzo zvisingabvumirwe nevarume nevakadzi nekuda kwekutya kutongwa uye kuseka.

Cisgenderism Inokanganisa Vana NeAvism

Nemhaka yokuti cisgenderism inyanzvi uye isingatauri muhurukuro yavose, vana vane autism zvichida havazvizivi. Uyezve, kunyange kana vana ava vakaziva cisgenderism, vangave vasina hanya. Nokudaro, vana ava vane autism vanowanzoita kuti zvisarudzo zvisingawirirane zvinoratidzirwa nevamwe sevakadzi dysphoria.

Zvinonzwisisika kuti chirwere chepabonde chinokonzerwa nevarume nevechiri kuyaruka zvose uye pasina autism. Zvisinei, avo vane autism havazozvidziviriri muchiedza chemasimba anowedzera anowedzera cisgenderism. Nokusavanza zvavanoda, vana vane autism vanogona kuonekwa sevane dysphoria.

Mukuwedzera kune tsika dzechigender cisgenderism, Kennedy anotaura kuti vanachiremba nevatsvakurudzi vanowedzerawo cisgenderism nekuona hutano sechinhu chine bhinari, chisingachinji, uye chinokosha. Maererano nenyanzvi, zvinongoerekana zvichiratidza kuti ndezvipi zvisiri izvo. Nyanzvi dzinokundikana kuona kuti hutano haisi kungova murume kana mukadzi chete asi panzvimbo yehutachiona.

Uyezve, nyanzvi dzinopa ruzivo rwakasiyana rwehutano nekuzviti "zvikamu" zvichapfuura. Funga nezvemazano anotevera kubva kuNHS, iyo nyika yehutano yehutano mu UK:

Muzviitiko zvakawanda, rudzi urwu rwekuzvibata runongova rutivi rwekukura uye huchapfuura munguva, asi kune avo vane chirwere chepabonde dysphoria inopfuurira kuburikidza nehucheche uye kuva munhu mukuru.

Pasi Pasi

Kunyangwe zvinyorwa, isu tichiri kungonzwisisa zvishomanana nezvekukwirirana kwebonde dysphoria uye autism. Kuedza kujekesa kukanganisa pakati pezvinhu izvi zviviri hazvina chokwadi. Nyanzvi dzinofanirwawo kusanzwisisa kuti zvakanakisisa sei kubata mamiriro maviri aya kana vachiuya panguva imwe chete.

Zvingaita kuti kuwedzerwa kwepabonde dysphoria pakati pevana vane autism kwakaenzana neyavana vasina autism. Zvisinei, vana vasina autism vachadzivisa chishuvo chekuita nenzira yechirume isinganzwisisi nekuda kwechido chevanhu munharaunda; asi, vana vane autism zvimwe havazivi izvi zvinotarisirwa kana kuti havana hanya.

Kunyange zvazvo zvisingawanzorehwa pamusoro, hutano hunotaridzika sehunokosha, husingashanduki, uye hunobatanidza nevanhu vose vemasangano kusanganisira nyanzvi dzinoita zvidzidzo uye kupa mishonga. Nyika yakagadzirirwa zviitiko zviviri zvepabonde: varume nevakadzi. Isu tinowanzopa humwe kune vamwe nepfungwa shomanana, uye nyanzvi dzinoratidzira zviratidzo zvisina kujairika nehutachiona sehutano dysphoria. Muzvokwadi, zvakadai sekuita zvepabonde, hutano hunogona kunge hune hutano uye hunorara pane imwe nzvimbo.

Sangano rinotarisira kuti vanhu vakwanise kufanana mune rimwe remadzimai maviri evanhukadzi, ndicho chikonzero kune dzakasiyana nedzimba dzekugezera dzevarume nevakadzi, kushandura makamuri, mapikicha emitambo nezvimwe zvakadaro. Zvingaita kuti kutambudzika kunotapisa vana kunzwe kunokonzerwa nekusingaperi kwepanyika kuti hutano hunowanikwa. Zvichida, kana hupenyu huri nani huchigamuchirwa uye huchigadzirisa kuchena kwehutano, saka vana ava vanonzwa vakasununguka uye vasisina kushushikana.

> Sources

> Anna, IR, et al. Gender dysphoria uye autism spectrum disorder: Kuongorora nyaya. International Review of Psychiatry. 2016; 28 (1): 70-80.

> Baron-Cohen, S. The Extreme Male Brain Theory of Autism. TORENDA muCognitive Sciences. 2002; 6 (6): 248-254.

> George, R, uye Stokes, M. "Gender Haisi Pandinenge Ndichienda!": Gender Dysphoria uye Autism Spectrum Disorder. Mune: Mazzone, L, naVitiello, B. Mafungiro eChechiatric uye Comorbidities mu Autism Spectrum Disorder. Switzerland: Springer; 2016.

> Kennedy, N. Cultural cisgenderism: Migumisiro yekusakanganiswa. Psychology yevakadzi Chikamu Ongororo. 2013; 15 (2): 3-11.

> Strang, JF, et al. Pakutanga Clinical Guidelines for Co-Occurring Autism Spectrum Disorder uye Gender Dysphoria kana Incongruence muVechiduku. Zvinyorwa zveKliniki Child & Adolescent Psychology. 2016; 1-11.