A savant is a person who is diagnosed with savant syndrome - mamiriro akambotaurwa nezwi risati rapera "idiot savant." Savant syndrome, maererano naDarold A. Treffert, MD weYunivesiti yeWisconsin Medical School, Madison, "... haisi chinhu chinoshamisa, asi chinoshamisa, mamiriro ezvinhu umo vanhu vane hutano hwepfungwa zvakakomba, kusanganisira chirwere chevhisi, vane" chimwe chitsuwa genius 'iyo inomiririra mucherechedzo, unofanirwa kusiyanisa nehuwandu hwehurema. "
Mune mamwe mazwi, a savant mumwe munhu ane matambudziko anokosha anotenda simba ravo rakasiyana uye rakanyanya mune imwe nzvimbo. Vanogona kunge vane IQ yakaderera zvikuru kana zvimwe zvinetso zvepfungwa - asi vachiratidza zvingangova simba-simba revanhu mune imwe nzvimbo chaiyo. Savants vanogona kana kuti vangave vasina autistic .
Kakawanda, vanoziva vane unyanzvi hunoshamisa munzvimbo dzemasvomhu, mimhanzi, nekuyeuka. Vanazivo vakakurumbira vakaita saKim Peek, mufananidzo uyo Dustin Hoffman's Rain Man aive akavakirwa nawo, angangodaro akaverenga nguva yezvimwe zviitiko mazana emakore munguva yakapfuura kana mune ramangwana. Peek yaiva, zvisinei, haina kumboonekwa ne autism.
Chii Chinonzi Autistic Savant?
An autistic savant munhu ane autism uyo anewo chimwe chinhu chinoshamisa chezivo kana mano. Maererano naTreffert, "Vakawanda sevanhu vane gumi vane autistic disorder vane unyanzvi hunoshamisa muzvidimbu, kunyange savant syndrome inowanikwa kune dzimwe hutachiona hwekuvandudza kana mune dzimwe mhando dzehutano hwekushaya hukuvara kana zvirwere pamwe chete.
Chero chero ruzivo rwakanakira, runogara rwakabatana nekukurukurirana kukuru. "
Zvakakosha kucherechedza kuti "savants" uye "vanhu vane ruzivo rwevashandi" haisi chinhu chakafanana. Kune vanhu vakawanda vane autistic vane matarenda-asi savant syndrome ishoma uye yakanyanya. Mune mamwe mazwi, munhu ane autism anogona kukwanisa kuverenga zvakanaka, kutamba chiridzwa, kana kuzviratidza kuti anokwanisa kwazvo haasi nekusarudza savant.
Munhu ane ruzivo uye akangwara ane autism, sezvipfuwo nyanzvi Temple Temple , inonyatsojeka uye inogona - asi iye haasi savant.
Is Saved Syndrome Chinhu Chakanaka Here?
Zvakajairika kuvabereki vemwana vane autism kuti vaudze kuti vane ruzivo rwakadini kuti mwana wavo ari autistic sezvo autism inoreva unyanzvi hukuru uye mano. Ichokwadi, zvisinei, ndechekuti vashomanana vanhu vane autism vanoziva, kunyange vazhinji vari vakachenjera zvikuru.
Zviri kuedza kuona savant syndrome sechinhu chakanaka. Mushure mezvose, vanoziva vanhu vanoyemura zvikuru vane unyanzvi hunopfuura hwevanhuwo zvavo. Ichokwadi, zvisinei, ndechokuti hazviiti kuti upenyu huve nyore uye, pane dzimwe nguva, hunogona kuita kuti upenyu huve hwakaoma.
Mune zvimwe zviitiko, savatic vadzidzisi vane unyanzvi hunoshamisa hunogona kuwedzerwa kana kutakurwa mumararamiro anobatsira. Semuenzaniso, vamwe vane ruzivo rwemagetsi evanoshambadza uye vanyori vanokwanisa kutengesa basa ravo (nguva dzose kuburikidza nevabereki kana vatungamiri). Muzviitiko zvakawanda, kunyange zvakadaro, unyanzvi hwekuziva " hutsika dzakasiyana-siyana ," hunoreva unyanzvi huri, asi huripo uye hunokosha, husiri kushandiswa muupenyu hwezuva nezuva. Semuenzaniso, kukwanisa kuverenga mapeji ebhuku refoni kubva muchirangaridzo, nechishamiso, hachibatsiri chinangwa chine chinangwa kunze kwega.
Sources:
> C Hou et al. "Autistic savants." Neuropsychiatry Neuropsychol Behav Neurol. 2000 Jan; 13 (1): 29-38.
> DA Treffert. "The savant syndrome: chimwe chinhu chinoshamisa. Mutsanangudzo: yapfuura, ino, yemberi." Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2009 May 27; 364 (1522): 1351-7.
> DA Treffert. : The savant syndrome uye autistic disorder. "CNS Spectr 1999 Dec; 4 (12): 57-60.