Nzira iyo kurapwa kunopiwa kunoenderera mberi kuchinja, asi ruzivo rwawainazvo nemukuru wako hauna kuchinja zvakanyanya mumakore makumi mashanu adarika. Chimbofunga izvi: Stethoscope inowanzoshandiswa mazuva ano yakaumbwa muna 1816. Ropa rekudzivirira ropa rakagadzirwa muna 1881. Kunyange magwaro emakemikari ehurumende (EMRs) , akaumbwa muna 1972, anopfuura makumi mana emakore.
Pane zvikonzero zvakawanda zvakanaka zvekufambisa kwekombiki uye hutsva hwehutano hwehutano hunove hurumende kugamuchirwa nevakawanda vemazuva ano vezvehutano. Kunyange zvakadaro, kukurumidza iyo inyanzvi inoitika nhasi inoreva kushandiswa kwepamusoro-soro kunosvika pamusika wepamusoro zvakanyanya kudarika kare, dzimwe nguva kupfurikidza nevarindi vemikova. Kune tariro itsva iyo inofambira mberi mune zvehutano tekombiki ingakurumidza kugadzirisa zvimwe zvezvikamu zvisina kukwana zvehutano. Haisi kungofanirwa kwekombiyuta iyo inokonzera kukanganiswa-kushamwaridzana kwedu nevatano vezvehutano vari kuchinja zvakare, uye saizvozvo, vashandi vehutano vanofanira kuchinja nzira dzavo dzokurapa.
Nokudaro kunyange zvazvo iri chokwadi mahofisi ehurumende akawanda ane zvinyorwa zvekare, teknoloji yehutano uye utano hwehutoriki hutanga kuwedzera hutano hwekutanga, uye mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzemishonga. Mukutsvaga kuita kuti utano hwezvehutano huwedzere kufambidzana, hwevanhu, uye hwekugadzirisa, hutsva hutsva hwekutarisira huri kurongerwa hungave hunopesana nenzira dzetsika nzira dzekuchengetedza kweutano dzinoitwa.
Technology-Based Model Yokutarisira Nyika Itsva
Muna 1973, Dr. Lewis Thomas, purezidhendi weChirangaridzo Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center muNew York, akapa hurukuro. Akasiyanisa "nyika yekare yekuedza-uye-kukanganisa kutenderera uye hunyo" nenyika itsva yekusvika kune deta uye kushandiswa kwekombiki yehutano. Dr. Thomas akafunga kuti yekupedzisira ndiyo yemberi yemishonga.
Akatenda zvakasimba kuti unyanzvi huri nani hwekombiyuta hwaidiwa kuitira kuti munda wehutano huve nehutano hunogona kubatsirwe nenzira yakanyatsogadzirisa. Akacherechedzawo kuti vanhu vose vaigara vachinyanya kunetseka pamusoro pehutoriyanzvi hwakaipa hwavakafunga kuti hwakavanzwa mune imwe nzvimbo yepasi pebazi rebazi.
Anenge makore makumi mashanu akapfuura, Tomasi akakurukura nezvekugadzirwa kwekombiki yezvemishonga uye akarayira zvikwereti zvakakura mune sayenzi kugadzirisa zvimwe zvezvakavanzika zvehutano munguva yake. Mazuva ano, teknolojia inokwanisa kupa mitsva yakawanda uye inoverengeka yezvinetso zvataimboita sezvisingakwanisi. Zvisinei, kune vamwe vanori kukanganisa basa rehutano hwemagetsi mune mushonga wezuva nezuva. Kunyange zvazvo vashomanana vangati mishonga yemazuva ano inoshandisa teknolojia sechigadziro chekununura kuchengetedza, muenzaniso wekuchengetedza unonyanya kugadziriswa mune teknolojia yakasati yazadziswa.
Pane zviratidzo kuti izvi zvinogona kuchinja munguva yemberi iri pedyo. Kune huwandu hutano hwekurapa huine chido chekuzunungusa hukama hwaiwanzovapo pakati pevarwere uye avo vanoita zvekare. Aya mapiyona matsva ezvehutano ane chinangwa chekuunza "nyika itsva" yekombiyuta kune varwere vose pamutengo unodhura.
Iko Unyanzvi Hwakashandiswa Sei Parizvino?
Chimwe chimiro chakadaro ndeche mberi, a Silicon Valley kutanga kwakatangwa neyekugadzira injini yeGoogle.
Kuunza murwere mumwe nomumwe urongwa hwomunhu, Pamberi inobatanidza njere dzekuita nechiremba wevanhu mu-munhu kuongorora. Hofisi yavo yezvechiremba inosanganisira mukana wokupa muviri unopa ruzivo rwenguva pfupi pamusoro pemabasa ehurumende, DNA kuongorora kubva mumate, uye kunyatsoongorora nguva yeropa kunopa vashandi nemashoko ekurapa mumaminitsi mashoma gumi nemashanu.
Panzvimbo yekwereti kubhadhara imwe neimwe kushanyira, Pamberi ine purogiramu yekubhadhara mari yehutungamiri, iyo inosanganisira 24/7 kupinda kune vashandi vehutano kuburikidza nehufumi yavo yefoni. Nhengo iyo inosanganisira kuenderera mberi kwehutano hwehutano kuburikidza nekushandiswa kwehutano hwavo hwakabatanidzwa.
Makambani akaita Shanduko vari kuchinja nzira yatinoshandiswa nayo kuyanana nevashandi vedu uye vanogona kuwedzera nzira yatinoona nayo zvinoenderera mberi kwehutano hwehutano.
Connecticut Institute for Primary Care Innovation (CIPCI) imwe yebhizimisi inotarisira kuumba Primary Care Office yeHamangwana. A kubatanidza pakati peSt Francis Hospital uye Medical Center neYunivhesiti yeConnecle School of Medicine, sangano iri rave richishanda kubvira muna 2010. Vanofarira nzira yekuvandudza ruzivo rwevarwere kuburikidza nekupa hutano hwehutano huri nani nekuvandudzwa kwehofisi. Zvimwe zvemashoko avo anokosha zvinosanganisira kuisa pfungwa pakuvandudza kusangana kwevarwere, kushandiswa kweteremedicine, kubvumidzwa kwakanaka kwezvishandiso zvinogadzika uye nekuvandudza kushandiswa kwekushandisa kwekutengesa paIndaneti.
Kune varwere vazhinji, inogona kunge ine mari uye inoshanda zvakakwana kugadzirisa mamiriro avo kuburikidza nekuzvitarisira uye kure kurega . Kukuratidza kuti kutarisira kunogona kutarisirwa kubva kure, CIPCI iri kupa mienzaniso yevarwere vachishandisa zvishandisi zvisina kushandiswa zvinotumira zvakananga kumabhuku avo ehutano ehutroniki . Kutumira mameseji ekuchengetedza uye mavhidhiyo emakambani ari kushandiswawo pakuvandudza kufambira mberi uye kunaka kwekutarisira. CIPCI iri kuedza kupa ruzivo rwekutanga rwekufambisa runoshanya nehofisi. Tariro yavo ndeyekuenda kune chero murwere ane chidikanwi. Vari kutarisawo nzira yekuvandudza kushandira pamwe nekukurukurirana pakati pevamwe nhengo dzechikwata kuburikidza nekugadzira chikwata chekliniki hubs kuitira kuwirirana kwehutano hwemashumiro. CIPCI iri kushandisawo teknolojia yekugadzirisa mamwe mabasa anoshandisa nguva, zvakadai semishonga inogadziriswa.
Kuchinja Kwatinogona Kukutarisira muna 2022
Dhipatimendi rechiremba yepamusoro-soro rinoratidzwa nePamberi neCIPCI rinogona kunge rakaita semafungiro ekuona. Zvisinei, hutano huri munyika yose huchizviputira nokuda kwevasina tambo uye teknolojia-mienzaniso yekutarisira. Kwenyika yeNational Health Service (NHS) yakabudisa gwaro rinonyora zvimwe zvekuchinja varwere vanogona kutarisira kuvarapi vezvechiremba kwemakore mashomanana anotevera. Teknolojia uye kutarisirwa kure kure zvikamu zvikuru zveurongwa hweHSS.
Telemedicine uye kuongororwa kwepaIndaneti zvingangodaro zvichange zviri tsika, kubvisa kushungurudzwa kwemakamuri ekumira. Chimwe chinogona kuchinja kungangodaro nguva yakawanda yatinopedza nachiremba wedu. Nguva shomanana inokonzerwa nevarwere mazuva ano ari kuramba achionekwa seasina kukwana, kunyanya kune varwere vane zvinetso zvakaoma uye maitiro akawanda. Maererano nehumwe huchafanotaura, mukuru wezvemangwana achakwanisa kupa nguva yakajeka uye zvingangowedzera kuwedzerwa kunyorera zvakakodzera zvido zvedu pasina kukurumidza.
Pakazosvika 2022, varwere vanogona kutarisira kuva nesarudzo dzakanaka pamwe nechiremba wavo uye vachikwanise kuwana marekodhi avo ezvokurapa, zvirongwa zvekutumira, uye mirairo chero kupi zvavanogona kuwana paIndaneti. Sezvo ruzivo rwekombiyuta huri kuramba huchiwedzera kuzivisa varwere nekuvandudza mano avo ekugadzirisa mamiriro avo pachavo, kusimbiswa kwekugoverana kwekuita sarudzo kuchasimudzirwa kunyange kupfuura kupfuura ikozvino. Uyewo, kukosha kwemasangano ekukurukurirana paIndaneti uye mapoka ekusimbisa vezera rekutsvaga angangowedzera kudarika nguva. Mune ramangwana, kunyanya kuchengetedzwa kwekutanga kunogona kubuda kunze kwehofisi yechiremba uye kupinda mudzimba dzedu (kana imwe nzvimbo yekusarudza kwedu) kuburikidza nemhando dzakasiyana dzekushandisa mumitambo uye zvigadzirwa zve digital.
Clinical genetics ndeimwe nzvimbo yesayenzi iri kufambira mberi nokukurumidza. Kusiyana kwehutachiona hunogona kuongororwa huri kuwanika nyore nyore, uye zvirongwa zvekuchengetedza zvakanyanya hazviiti sevatariri vemagedhi. Kuongorora miedzo kunogona kushandisa sampuli yematepa kana ropa kuti ione murwere we genetic predispositions kune chimwe chirwere. Izvi zvinotoonekwa sekuti inokosha nzira yekudzivirira yeimwe nzira dzekenza, kusanganisira mazamu , ovarian, colorectal, uye kenza yeprostate.
Sezvo kuongorora mazita ekuberekesa kunomutsa mibvunzo mitsva mutsva, basa rezvechiremba remangwana rinofanira kuwedzera kuti rive netsanangudzo yakarurama yemigumisiro, uyewo kupa mutungamiri wevarwere. Varwere vachada kunzwisisa zvinorehwa nemigumisiro. Semuenzaniso, kana chizvarwa chinowanikwa, chiremba anogona kurayira kana vana / hama dzinofanira kuongororwa zvakare. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti vashandi vekuchengetedza vekutanga vanozodikanwa kuvandudza ruzivo rwavo rwechirwere chinonzi genetics.
Modern Technology kuburikidza nemaoko evarwere
Teknolojia uye zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi izvo varwere vanogona kuzvishandisa pachavo zvino zvakakosha zvikuru muhutano hwehutano uye hutano tekambani dzemakambani. Mobile apps nezvipfeko zvinowanzotaurwa nezvehutano hwekusarudzwa. Parizvino, zvinosuruvarisa kuti vazhinji vezvirongwa zvehutano huripo havana kuongororwa zvakanaka kuti vaone kuti vanosangana nemitemo yekuchengetedzwa kwakanaka. Brenda K. Wiederhold, mupepeti-mukuru weCyberpsychology, Behavior & Social Networking , anonyora kuti kuongorora kwakanyanya kwezvigadzirwa zvemishonga kunofanirwa kuve nechokwadi chekuita kwavo. Maitiro anorongwa nemaRandomized achinowanzoshaikwa.
Semuenzaniso, chidzidzo che 2016 chakaratidza kuti chete 10 muzana yemapurogiramu anoshandiswa kushumira vanhu vane kuora mwoyo ave achitsigirwa nehupupuriro hune simba. Kugadzirisa dambudziko iri, mapurogiramu ekuongororwa kwepurogiramu iye zvino atangwa munzvimbo dzakawanda. Somuenzaniso, muUnited States, NHS Digital uye NICE vari kushanda pamutemo wehurongwa hwemapurogiramu ehurumende kuti uvandudze kunaka kwezvipo izvi. Apo iyo teknolojia yakave yakanyatsoongororwa, vanachiremba vanozogona kukwanisa kupa uchapupu-based apps kune varwere vavo. Izvi zvinowedzera kuchengetedza uye hutano hwehutano hwakadaro, pamwe chete nekupa mupiro kumakiriniki ekukosha uye kushandiswa kwechiremba.
Unyanzvi hwokugadzira zvinhu hunova chikamu chinokosha chehutano hwedu hwehutano, zvakare. Tinogona kutarisira kuti mune ramangwana, vashandi vese vachazokwanisa kuvimba nemashoko chaiwo-nguva kubva pazvishandiso. Izvi zvinogona kuita basa rinokosha mukurapa kwehutano, kunyanya kana kurapa varwere vanotambura. Dhiyabhorosi inounganirwa nemamiriro ezvinhu-chaiwo akapfeka zvinokwanisa kukwanisa kutarisa mutarisiri wekuita kana chero zviratidzo zvekunyevera zvehumwe hutano hunooneka.
Zvisinei, dzimwe nyanzvi dzinofunga kuti kushandiswa kwezvipfeko zvinotarisana nematambudziko akawanda, kusanganisira varwere vanorasikirwa nechinangwa mune zvakasiyana-siyana mazvirongwa nemapurogiramu. Uyezve, vamwe vanhu vachiri kusatenda teknolojia yehutano inofambira mberi, iyo inoratidza kuti mamwe maitiro akarondedzerwa naLew Thomas Thomas muna 1973 ari kutsungirira. Nguva yakawanda uye mitemo iri nani inofanira kudiwa kuvakira vatengi kuvimba nekugadzira zvitsva, maitiro ehutano-hutano ane chokuita nehutano pakati pehuwandu hwevashandi.
> Sources:
> Huguet A, Rao S, Rozario S, et al. Kugadziriswa kwakarongeka kwekufungisisa kwekuita maitiro ekurapa uye maitiro ekugadzirisa maitiro ekudzvinyirira. Plos ONE . 2016; (5).
> Royal College of General Practitioners. The 2022 GP. Chiratidzo chekuita zviitiko zvekare mune NHS yemberi. 2013.
> Thomas L. Commentary: The Future Impact of Science uye Technology pamusoro pemishonga. BioScience. 1974; 24 (2): 99-105.
> Wiederhold B. Behavioral Health Apps Zvizhinji, asi Tsvakurudzo-Inotsvakurudza Tsvakiridzo Hazviitiki. Cyberpsychology, Maitiro & Social Networking . 2015; 18 (6): 309-310.