Chimwe chinhu chisingafungi chekusaziva kuti vanhu kazhinji vanayo kuenzanisa urine kubva kune zvinetso zvepvo. Nokudaro, kufungidzira ndeyokuti kana uri "kuita urini," itsvo dzako dziri kushanda zvakanaka. Zvisinei, hapana chinhu chinowedzera kubva muchokwadi, uye kuongorora basa reimpso dzako zvinoda kubhidzira mazano uye dzimwe nguva kufungidzira kwemhepo.
Vanhu vazhinji vanoziva kuti kuwana dambudziko rekunyanyisa nderimwe nzira yekuedza basa remwoyo wako.
Asi iwe unoedza sei mafungiro ako einso? Iwe ungangodaro wakanzwa vanachiremba vachitaura mashoko akadai se "creatinine" kana "GFR" paunotarisa kuti zvakanaka kana zvakaipa zvakadini maitsvo ako ari kuita. Kunyange zvazvo kune nzira dzakawanda iyo iyo itsvo 'inogona kuyerwa, ini ndichaitsanangura iyo inoshandiswa kakawanda mumakiriniki.
Mukutaura, iwe unogona kutarisa basa rehso kuburikidza ne:
(1) kuongorora ropa
(2) kuongorora urine
(3) Radiological imaging
Dambudziko reRopa
Iyi ndiyo inonyanya kukosha uye inowanzo nzira yakatendeseka. Vanachiremba vanowanzoronga miedzo inogona kunge yakasiyana nemashoko akadai se "metabolic panel" (BMP), "" chem 7, "" renal function panel, "" GFR, "nezvimwewo. Chaizvoizvo, chii chavari kuenzanisa ndiyo mazinga e electrolytes uye maviri mamwe makemikari anonzi ropa urea nitrogen (BUN) uye creatinine.
BUN nhamba yeiyo nitrogen iripo muropa rako nenzira yeUrea, saka zita BUN! Mune mamwe mazwi, zvatinoyera ndeyero ye urea muropa.
Urea, sezvaungave uchiziva, inonzi nitrogen-ine makemikari inowanikwa mumuguta wemakumbo uye inowanzoshandiswa semushonga. Usati wapedzisa kuti kune furezi inofamba muropa rako, rega ndikusimbise kuti iyo yebhizimusi grade urea iyo inoshandiswa mumushonga inogadzirwa nemaitiro. Zvechokwadi, urea ndiyo yekutanga "organic" (ndiko kuti, inowanikwa mune zvakasikwa muzvisikwa zvinorarama) chimiro chakange chichigadzirwa zvakagadzirwa mu laboratori apo musayendisiti weGermany Friedrich Wohler akagadzira chimiro chemamonium muna 1828.
BUN: Muedzo Usina Kukwana
Saka nei tichiyera muzinga weUrea muropa? Izvozvo ndezvekuti ropa yeru urea, (kana BUN!) Inobva pakuenzanisa pakati pezviitiko zvinowedzera nheyo yeropa naro nemitoo inoderedza ropa rayo. Zvinhu zvinowedzera huwandu hweurea muropa zvinosanganisira kudya kudya kweproteine, kukwanisa kwechiropa chako kuti uite urea, uye chiyero chemazuva ose chinokanganisa masero (mishonga inonzi "catabolism") iyo inotungamirirawo kuhuwandu hweurea. Pakupedzisira, chirongwa chinoderedza urea yepamusoro muropa iyo mafungiro ako anokwanisa kubvisa urea mumuguta.
Achifunga kuti zvinhu zvinowedzera urea yepamusoro zvinoramba zvichigara zuva rimwe nerimwe, unogona kukakavidza kuti urusi hweurea muropa huchava hwakanyanya huri pambeu dzako 'kushanda. Nokudaro, chirwere chetsvo chinogona kuonekwa nekuwedzera muropa reurea, kana BUN. Zvisinei, ndapota yeuka mupfungwa kuti iyi tsanangudzo isinganzwisisiki, uye maitiro eBUN, sezvaungangodaro akafungidzira, anogona kukurudzirwa nokudya, catabolism, uye chiropa chinoshanda.
Creatinine Ndicho Chinhu Chakanaka
Saka iwe haufaniri kuva chiremba wezvechiremba kuti uone kuti BUN isiri muedzo wakazara zvachose weeitsvo 'basa, zvichienderana nechisari chekuwanda kwezvimwe zvisati zvisiri zvemasimba.
Saka ngatitaurire nezvemamwe makemikari ataurwa pamusoro apa: creatinine.
Izwi rokuti "creatinine" rinobva pashoko rechiGiriki rinoreva nyama, uye icho chibereko chekuputsika kwemisimba. Sezvo masimba ako masimba asingashandisi zuva rega rega, chiyero chekusika kwekusika chinowedzerawo nguva dzose. Sezvo chiremera muropa chinowedzera (kubva mukudengenyeka kwemasisita), itsvo dzinoita basa guru rekutsvaira iyo kubva mumamiriro ako. (Yakanyanya kuduku, uye kazhinji isinganyanyi kukosha (kusiyana newerea!) Chikamu chekusika chinoshandiswazve neitsvo, izvo zvinogona kuchinja simba reropa raro, asi kuti zvive nyore, regai tisazviteerere iye zvino).
Nokudaro, achifunga kuti musimba unogara wakasimba, huwandu hwekusika muropa hunofanira kunge hunove hwakakanganiswa nehsoti kukwanisa kuisvina. Nokudaro, kuwedzerwa muropa remusiki wekusika kunowanzoreva kunetseka kwepfungwa.
Ropa rekuda ropa rinoita sechinhu chinobatsira chemashoko chinogona kubatsira vanachiremba vanofungidzira kuyerwa kweiyo mafungiro ekutsisa ropa achishandisa maitiro nemazwi (izvo zviri pachena kuti hatifaniri kunetseka pamusoro apa). Nhamba iyoyo inotumidzwa seG Glomerular Filtration Rate kana GFR; izwi iwe unogona kunzwa varapi vachikandira zvakapoteredza pavanenge vachitaura pamusoro pepfungwa dzenyu. Kune vakawanda vepakati pevanhu vakaenzana, chirwere cheGFR chinowanzogara pakati pe 60 kusvika 120 ml / min.
Kazhinji Isingadikanwi Nevanhu Vakasikwa!
GFR kuongororwa kwakavakirwa pamushonga wakagadzirirwa huwandu hwakaenzana hwevanhu vakanaka. Sezvo kuverenga kunofanirwa nehutachiona hweropa, izvo zvinotarisirwa nehutundu hwemasisita, zvingasave zvichishanda kune vanhu vari kunyanyisa kwezera (vana, vanhu vanopfuura makumi manomwe yrs), kana masero mashoma (vanhu vane musimba kuparara, chiropa chinokundikana , nezvimwewo). Mune mamwe mazwi, chiremera chekusika cha 1.2 (chinonzi "chimiro" sepamusoro pematanda akawanda emarabara) chingava chakanaka kune munhu akaremara saArnold Schwarzenegger asi anogona kuratidza zvirwere zvepfungwa zvakanyanya mumukadzi ane makore 90. Kungofanana nehuwandu hweBUN, chiremba wezvechiremba anofanira kukwanisa kuudza nguva yekufungisisa kuti creatinine uye GFR mazinga zvakashata zvachose.
Urine Miedzo
Kuedza urini kutarisa mapuroteni kana ropa, uye maikemikisi ayo anogona kubatsira mukuratidza kuvepo kwezvirwere zvepfungwa. Mapuroteni kana ropa hazviwanzoonekwi mumurini uye hazvirevi zviratidzo zvezvirwere zvepvo. Chiremba anofanira kusarudza kana kuwedzera kushandiswa zvakananga uye / kana kutumira kune nephrologist kwakakodzera.
Radiological Imaging
Aya maitiro anosanganisira kutora mifananidzo yeitsvo vachishandisa nzira dzakasiyana seye ultrasound, CT scan, kana MRI. Izvi zvinogona kubatsira mukugadzirisa chimiro uye kukura kweivo. Idzo itsvo dzakasvibiswa nenyuchi dzakasvibiswa anenge 8-14 cm (3-5,5 inches) muhukuru (zvichienderana nehukuru hwemunhu). Zvizhinji zvinorwara zvirwere zvepfungwa, nezvimwe zvisiri izvo, zvinowanzokonzera itsvo 'chivakwa uye izvi zvinogona kutorwa nyore nyore pamifananidzo. Imwe inogonawo kunge yakasarudza kukonzera zvinokonzera zvirwere zvepfungwa / kusagadzikana kwakafanana nematombo, obstructions, hydronephrosis, chirwere chepurocystic yepfungwa, nezvimwewo.
> Kwakabva:
> Hall JE, Guyton AC. (2011). Guyton uye Hall mabhuku ehutano hwezvehutano . Philadelphia, PA: Saunders Elsevier.