Affordable Care Act May Kuvandudza Mwoyo Murefu
Iko Inogadziriswa Care Act inotarisirwa kuvandudza hutano hutano hwakachengeteka, asi chii chinoitika kwatiri zvinotiudza? Ngatitarisei zvikonzero zvekuvandudza kwehutano mukuderedza kudarika kwechiremba, uye pfungwa yekushanduka kwekuchinja. Panguva ino tinoziva kuti zvikanganiso zvezvechiremba zviri pamwero unogamuchirwa, uye kuti chimwe chinhu chinoda kuchinja. Zvichida, zvakare, kuti kuchinja kunoda kwakawanda kwazvo kupfuura mitemo shoma, kana yakawanda, inogona kuita.
Asi mune hupi nzira hutano hwakagadziriswa hwakachinja, uye hunogona sei kuramba huchichinja huwandu hwezvikanganiso zvezvokurapa muUnited States?
Zvikanganiso Zvokurapa
Nhamba idzi dzinonyatsozivikanwa kune vanachiremba, vanachiremba, vatungamiri vezvipatara, uye varwere vakawanda: zvikanganiso zvinodzivirirwa zvechiremba zvinouraya uye / kana kukuvadza zvakanyanya mazana ezviuru zveAmerica gore rimwe chete.
Kuwirirana pakati pezvikanganiso zvechiremba uye rufu zvakauya mberi kwezivo yevanhu zvakare, apo 2016 dzichidzidza kubva paJohn's Hopkin's University yakagumisa kuti kukanganisa kwezvokurapa kwaive nemhosva inenge 10 muzana yevakafa. Kuisa izvi nenzira yakanyatsojeka, kana kuti yakaipa, zvikanganiso zvechiremba zvakaonekwa kuva chechitatu chinokonzera kukonzera rufu.
Nepo pave pane nharo huru pamusoro pe nhamba chaiyo, pamwe nekuwanda kweizvi rufu zvinodzivirirwa, tinoziva kuti kukanganisa kwechiremba inetso huru muUnited States. Nepo pane izvo zvakakonzera kukakavadzana panyaya dzakawanda, uye apo zvikanganiso zvezvechiremba zvakaonekwa zviri kuderera kunyange kusati kwasayirwa kweAne Affordable Care Act, kwakave nekuderedza kwevakafa nekuda kwezvikanganiso zvezvechiremba, zvisati zvamboitika pakati pa2012 na2014.
Kuvandudza Utano Senzira Yokuderedza Kudarika Kwemishonga
Kunyange zvazvo chinonyanya kukosha cheChinakidzani Care Act (mishanduko yehutano hwezvehutano) yakasayirwa kuva mutemo muna March 2010 yaiva yekupa rusununguko rwehutano hwehutano hwakakwana kune vose veAmerica, mutemo une zviverengero zvakawanda zvinogona kuwedzera kuchengetedzwa kwevarwere.
Mwoyo Murefu Kuchengetedzwa Kunoenzanisa Nehutano Hwehutano Hupenyu Mari
Achiziva kuti mari inogona kuwanikwa inogona kuwedzerwa nekuderedza kudarika kwezvipatara-based medical, Medicare yakaratidza mhando dze "zvinodzivirirwa" mamiriro ezvinhu anowanikwa panguva yekugara muchipatara. Kana iripo panguva yekuchengetwa kwemunhu, chipatara hachikwanise kubhadhara mari yehupi hupi hwakapiwa.
Mitemo iyi yakatanga kushanda muna 2008 isati yasvika yeChechi chakanakisisa Care Act. Kwete zvisingatarisirwi, makambani makuru makuru ehutano ehutano ehutano, kusanganisira Aetna uye Blue Cross / Blue Shield Association pakati pevamwe, akashandisa mitemo yakafanana kuti isabhadhara zvipatara uye vanachiremba nezvekuchengetedza kwakabatana nehutano hwemishonga husingafaniri kuitika panguva yekurapa.
Chinangwa chemitemo iyi ndechekuchengetedza hupenyu uye kuchengetedza mari nekuita zvipatara kushandisa mashandiro matsva ekudzivirira zvikanganiso.
Kuisa pachena uye Zvitsva Zvitsva Zvokuchengetedzwa Kwevarwere
Kuvaka pamusoro pemiti yehutano yehutano yehutano yakagadziriswa muna 2008, Affordable Care Act inoshandisa Medicare muzvipatara kuti zvikurudzire shanduko. Nokufamba kwenguva, zvinotarisirwa kuti makambani akawanda emishuwarenzi ega ega achatevera mutungamiri weMedare; izvi zvinofanira kukukanganisa pasinei neurongwa hwehutano hunobhadhara zvikwereti zvezvipatara.
Izvi zvinotevera muhutano hwehutano hwehutano hunoisa hwaro hwekuda kuchinja:
- Zvipatara nemigumisiro iri nani yakabatana nekuchengetwa kwemarwadzo uye kurwisa kwemwoyo, uye kudzivirira kwehutachiona huchawana mari yakakwirira.
- Zvipatara nehuwandu hwekuverenga maitiro ekushaya kukanganisa kwemwoyo uye huwandu hwakawanda hwezvipatara-zvakagadziriswa zvakadai sehutachiona, maronda emubhedha, uye kuwira kucharahwa nemari yakaderedzwa.
- Medicare ichacherechedza kutadza kwechipatara uye (2014) ichadhura chikwereti ne1 muzana kune zvipatara zvine mazinga akakwirira ehutano hwehutano.
Kuti uve nechokwadi chokuti iwe unoziva nezvekuchengetedzwa kwezviyero uye kugoverana kuti zvipatara zvinovandudzika sei, Affordable Care Act inoda Medicare ku:
- Nyora chipatara chimwe nechimwe chechipatara chekodhi rekodhi.
- Dzai Mitsva Yakakonzerwa Nemwoyo Mutsva Research Institute iyo ichakurudzira kurapa kwakanyanya.
- Ita yeChechi yeUkuvandudza Maitiro uye Kuchengeteka Kwevarwere kune kutsvakurudza kuvandudzwa mune kuchengetedzwa kwevarwere.
Sechikamu chehutano hwehutano, hurumende yehurumende yakabvumirana kupa $ 75 mamiriyoni gore negore kuvandudza hutano nekuchengetedzwa kwezvirongwa.
Kugadziriswa Nezvipatara Nezvekushivirira Mwoyo Murefu
Medicare, pamwe nekubatana nezvipatara zvakawanda munyika yose, yakagadzira Chipatara Chienzanisa. Izvi zvishandiso paIndaneti zvinogona kukubatsira kuwana ruzivo rwekuti zvipatara zvakanyanya sei munharaunda yako zvinotarisira varwere vane humwe hutano kana huro hwekuvhiya, nemigumisiro kubva kuongororo yevarwere pamusoro pehutano hwekuchengetwa kwavakawana munguva yezvipatara. Iyi ruzivo inogona kukubatsira kuti uenzanise nehutano hwezvirwere zvekuchengetedza hupi uye hukubatsire kuita sarudzo pamusoro pezvingave zvakakunakira iwe kana uchida kutarisirwa kuchipatara.
Zvimwe zvehutano hunofananidzwa zvinosanganisira kuora mwoyo, kupererwa kwemwoyo, chirwere chisingaperi chemapapu, pneumonia, chirwere cheshuga muvanhu vakuru, uye kurwadziwa kwepfupa. Zvimwe zvezvokuvhiya zvinosanganisira chirwere chemwoyo chinoshandiswa, chirwere chemhepo, chirwere cheguruva, chirwere chinonzi hernia, chirwere chekudzivirira muviri, kudzokera shure uye kumutsipa zvakanyanyogadziriswa pamwe chete, chirwere chepirate, nekuvhiyiwa kwevakadzikadzi.
Dzimwe Manyevero Nezvechipatara Muenzanise
Itaurwa pamusoro pePatara Inofanidza webhusaiti inobva kuzvipatara izvo zvakabvumirana kuisa ruzivo rwehutano hweHitorienzanisi hunoita kuti huve pachena. Chipatara chako chingave chisina kunyorwa. Uye, kana iwe uri mune chirongwa chinotarisirwa kuchengetedza (HMO kana PPO), chipatara iwe waunoda kushandisa chingasave chiri muhutano hwehutano hwako hwekupa. Zvisinei, iwe unofanirwa kukwanisa kutarisa chero chipiro chechipatara chekangororo yepareji.
Pakutanga Pfungwa Pamagumisiro Ezvinhu Zvisingakwanisi Kutarisira Mutemo
Nekusimbiswa zvakasimba pakuvandudzika kwehutano uye zvakajeka "karoti nekunamatira" kusvika kuchipatara chekubhadhara, zvinenge zvichiitika kuti kutarisirwa kwechipatara kuchachinja kune zviri nani pane kwenguva refu. Zvisinei, nehumwe humwe humwe huri kuchinja mune hutano hunotarisirwa kubva kuhutano hwehutano, izvo zvinoda (zvose zvemari uye nhamba yakawedzerwa yevarwere vanoda rubatsiro) kune zvipatara uye vanachiremba, kunyanya vanachiremba vokurapa, vangangodaro, kana vasina chaotic .
Affordable Care Act uye Zvikanganiso Zvokurapa, 2010-2014
Isu iye zvino tine humwe ruzivo pamusoro pemigumisiro inokonzerwa neAne Affordable Care Act pane zvikanganiso zvezvechiremba. Maererano neChipatimendi cheEalthcare Research uye Quality, pakanga paine kuderedzwa kwemazana zana kubva muzana muhutano-hunova nemamiriro ezvinhu pakati pegore ra2012 ne2014. Izvi zvinoshandura kusvika ku 87 000 kufa kwevashoma, uye kuchengetwa kwemadhora mabhiriyoni 19.8. Kunyange zvazvo kuderedzwa kwezvikanganiso kunoratidzika kuva kuenzanisa, uye pasinei nedzimwe nhau dzakasimudzwa neAACA, nenzira dzakawanda uku ndiko kushanduka kwekureba kwenguva refu mukutungamira kwezvikanganiso zvemishonga.
Kukanganisa Mukunyatsonzwisisa Kuchinja Kwezvokurapa Zvikanganiso
Kune zvikwereti pakuziva kuti zvakadini kuderedzwa kwezvikanganiso zvezvechiremba zvinogona kuve zvakananga kune Affordable Care Act. Taura nezvenzira dzekudzikisa kukanganisa kwezvokurapa kwakatangira kuiswa kweMutemo, uye zvakare zvakare kuti kuderedzwa kwezvikanganiso kwakatanga kusati kwasvirwa muna 2010.
Kutarisa Zvikanganiso Zvokurapa Zvidiki Nokuva Mumiriri Anopa Mhepo
Hazvina mhosva kuti ACA neObamacare vs Trumpcare inoda kuchengeteka kwevarwere mumakore anotevera, kuchinja uku hakukwani kukwanisa kuderedza kuderedza kwatinofanira kuona muzvikanganiso zvechiremba. Munzira dzakawanda, mukana wako wakanakisisa wekudzivisa zvikanganiso zvezvechiremba ndewekuva murwere ane simba uye kutora nguva yekuongorora nzira dzingaderedza dambudziko rako. Tora nguva yekudzidza nzira yekuderedza dambudziko rako rekurapa mishonga . Kuita izvi kunogona kutora nguva shomanana uye kuponesa upenyu. Tora nguva yekudzokorora zvinyorwa zvechiremba zvezvikanganiso. Bvunza mibvunzo yakawanda uye ita nechokwadi kuti unonzwisisa dambudziko nekubatsirwa kwemishonga chero ipi zvayo kana chirongwa chiremba wako anokurudzira.
Pasi Pasi Pamusoro Pokukanganisa Kurapa uye Utano Kuchinja
Chimwe chezvinangwa zveAne Affordable Care Act chaiva kuderedza nhamba yezvikanganiso zvezvechiremba, zvikanganiso zvingave zvine mhosva ye10 muzana yevakafa munyika ino. Kubvira panguva ya2012 na2014, zvinoratidzika kunge zvakave zvakanaka, kunyange kune nyaya dzakawanda dzakasimudzwa zvakare. Chinokosha panguva ino, ndeyekuti vanhu vanogona kuita chimwe chinhu nhasi kuti vaderedze ngozi yavo, pasinei nekuchinja kweZvenyika. Kuva murwere akachenjera uye ane simba ndechimwe chekudzivirirwa kwako zvakanakisisa pamusoro pezvikanganiso izvi zvinoramba zvakanyanya kufanana nhasi.
> Sources:
> Sangano reEalthcare Research uye Quality. Kuponesa Upenyu uye Kuchengetedza Mari: Chipatara Chinodiwa Mamiriro Ekugadzirisa. Zvinyorwa Zvitsva Kubva Kuedza Kwenyika Kuita Kuti Kuchengeteka Kuve Kwakachengeteka, 2010-2014. https://www.ahrq.gov/professionals/quality-patient-safety/pfp/interimhacrate2014.html?utm_source=HHSPressRelease65&utm_medium=HHSPressRelease&utm_term=HAC&utm_content=65&utm_campaign=CUSP4CAUTI2015