Iro Utano Reform Hunoita Sei Iwe
Musi waMarch 23, 2010, Mutungamiri Obama akaisa mutemo kumutemo wehutano hwehutano hwekugadzirisa mitemo inozivikanwa seAne Affordable Care Act. Chinangwa chemurairo ndechekusimbisa kuti vanenge vose veAmerica vanokwanisa kuwana mari yehutano yehutano .
Kukosha kwekugadziriswa kweChipatara Chinodiwa Mutemo kwakagadzirirwa kuita zvishoma nezvishoma zvipingamupinyi zvekuwana hutano hwehutano pamwe nekuwana hutano hwekuda hunodiwa.
Asi mutemo wakanga uchikakavadzana kubvira pakutanga, uye zvinorwadza zvinokonzera kupatsanurwa kwehutano hwehutano zvakaguma nekusanyanya kushandiswa kwekushanda kwehutano hwekugadzirisa.
Zvizhinji zvezvirongwa zveAACA zvakatanga muna 2014, kusanganisira zvinoda kuti vanhu vose veAmerica varambe vaine inshuwalhu yehutano-zvichida kuburikidza nevanoshandira, kuburikidza nehurongwa hwevanhu hwakafanana neMedicaid kana Medicare , kana kuti nokutenga kugoverwa mumusika mumwe nomumwe, kana kusununguka-kushandiswa . Pane chirango chinoongororwa ne IRS apo vanhu vasingachengetedzi utano hwehutano, asi chirango ichocho chichabviswa shure kwekupedzisira kwe 2018, pasi pemitemo yeRhafu Cuts uye Jobs Act, yakagadzwa muna December 2017. Ikoko ichiri chirango chekusavimbiswa muna 2018 , asi hapazovi nemhosva kune vanhu vasina kuvimbiswa muna 2019, kunze kwekuti vari muMassachusetts, kana mune dzimwe nyika iyo inogona kusimbisa ivo pachavo mvumo yekurairwa.
Zvinonyanya kukosha zvekutarisira basa rekutarisira
Bhara zvirongwa zvehutano zvevanhu neboka duku kubva kune:
- Kuramba kuparidzirwa nekuda kwemamiriro ekurapa asati atovapo .
- Kuchengetedza kuparidzira kunze kwepamusoro pemhosva dzekubiridzira kana kuita nemaune zvisiri izvo.
- Kubhadhara zvikwereti zvakakwirira pamusana pehutano hwehutano.
- Kubhadhara vakuru vakanyoreswa kanopfuura katatu kakawanda kana vaduku vanyoresa.
- Kupa zvirongwa izvo zvisingabatsiri zvipo zvehutano zvakakosha, kunze kwekuti chirongwa chave chakaberekwa kana kuti chizukuru .
Inoda zvose zvirongwa zvehutano zvisina huwandu hwekuita:
- Kuvhara kuchengetedza kudzivirira pasina kugovana mari.
- Shandisa kunze kwepodha mari ye-in-network inokosha hutano hunobatsira. HHS inogadzirisa mhedziso yepamusoro yekunze kwehomwe mari yegore negore. Muna 2018, haigone kudarika $ 7,350 kune mumwe munhu, kana $ 13,700 pamhuri.
- Rega vechidiki vechidiki kuti varambe vari purogiramu yehutano hwevabereki kusvikira makore 26 .
Inoda vashandi vakura kuti:
- Kupa inshuwarisi yehutano inotengesa kune avo vashandi venguva yakazara, kana kuti vanozviisa pasi pezvinogona kutongerwa.
Inoda munhu mumwe chete kuti:
- Wana ma inshuwarisi yehutano kana kubhadhara mubairo , kunze kwekuti ivo vakakodzera kuwana zvimwe zvikwereti . Izvi zvinotarisirwa kuti zvinyatsosimbiswa, asi chirango chichaderedzwa kusvika $ 0 kuvanhu vasina kuvimbiswa muna 2019 uye mberi ( kuchine chirango chekusabvumirwa muna 2018 )
Inoita kuparidzirwa uye kutarisirwa zvisingabhadharwi ne:
- Premium tax credits
- Kugovana-kugovana kuderedza
- Medicaid kuwedzera (19 nhepfenyuro dzisina kugamuchira mari yezvemari yekuwedzera Medicaid kubva pakutanga kwegore ra2018, kunyange zvazvo Maine iri kurongwa kuwedzera Medicaid pakati pegore ra2018, pasi pemashoko ekutsvaga kwevhoti iro vhoti vakapfuura muna 2017).
Kuchinja kwevanhu veAmerica vasina Nohutano Inoutano
Zvichienderana nemari yaunowana, ukama hwemhuri, uye hugaro hwekugara, unogona kunge uine dzimwe nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzokushambadzira, kusanganisira rubatsiro rwemari (rubatsiro) kana iwe usingakwanisi kutenga inshuwarhu yehutano. Izvi zvinotevera mienzaniso yezvokupa mazano - mazinga ekuwana anoshandisa kugoverwa kwe 2018.
Nokuda kweMedicaid kugadziriswa, 2018 Federal Poverty Level nhamba dzinoshandiswa muna 2018, asi nokuda kwekubhadharwa kwemari yekubhadhara mari, 2017 FPL nhamba dzinoshandiswa pakugoverwa kwe 2018 (izvi ndezvokuti kunyora kuzarurirwa kwehurongwa hwepachirongwa pachako kunoitika pakuwa, kusati kwatanga gore, uye mberi kwemafita eFPL anovandudzwa kwegore idzva).
Muenzaniso 1: Kukodzera kweMedicaid munharaunda yakawedzera Medicaid
Mari yegore negore:
- kusvika ku $ 16,753 kune mumwe munhu
- kusvika ku $ 34,638 kumhuri yevana
Comments:
- Vanhu vokuAmerica vane mari shoma shoma vagari vemuUnited States, pamwe chete nevatongi vazhinji vepamutemo, vanogona kunyoresa munharaunda yavo ye Medicaid program.
- Nyika yako inogona kuisa huwandu hushoma hwekubuda kwehomwe mari , zvakadai sokubhadharwa kwe $ 1 kusvika ku $ 5 nokuda kwekushanyira chiremba kana kushandiswa kwemashumiro. Vamwe vanotiwo vanoisa mapeamamiro emitemo yeMedicaid inonyorwa nemari inopfuura hurombo huripo (ACA inobvumira Medicaid kuwedzera kusvika 138 muzana yehurombo uhu).
- Mune dzimwe nyika dzisina kuwedzera Medicaid, vanhu vasina simba, vasina vana vasina chavanofanirwa neMedicaid pasinei nokuti ivo vanowana mari shoma sei, uye kukodzera kwevabereki vevana vaduku vanowanzove vashoma kune avo vane mari shoma zvikuru-iri pasi pehurombo hwehutano .
Muenzaniso wechipiri: Mvumo yekutenga hurongwa hwehutano hwakatsigirwa kuburikidza nehutano hwehutano hwehutano inshuwarheni (yakatanga muna 2014)
Mari yegore negore:
- kusvika ku $ 48,240 kune mumwe munhu
- kusvika ku $ 98,400 yemhuri yevana
Comments:
- Zvirongwa zvehutano izvo zvinobatanidzwa mukutsinhanisa zvinofanira kupa purogiramu yezvakakosha zvehutano uye inotora zvikamu makumi matanhatu kubva muzana zvehutano hwezvoutano ( zvirongwa zvinotyisa zvinogona kuvhara chikamu chepakati chemari inoshandiswa, asi rubatsiro runogona kushandiswa kutenga zvirongwa zvinoparadza).
- Kana iwe uchitenga inshuwarhu yako yehutano kuburikidza nekutsinhana uye unokodzera kubhadhara mari yepayimusi, chikamu chako chepamuzamu (nokuda kwechipiri-pasi-yakawanda-ine mari yegoridhe chirongwa munharaunda yako) haichapfuri zvimwe zvikamu zvemari yako-kubva pa201 kubva muzana kusvika 9.56 muzana muna 2018-zvichienderana nemari yaunowana. Iwe hausi kutarisirwa kutenga chechipiri-yakaderera-yakadhura sirivha kunyange zvakadaro. Iwe unogona kusarudza kutenga chirongwa chinodhura kana chinodhura, uye shandisa rubatsiro kune chirongwa ichocho pane. Kana iwe ukatenga chirongwa chine mari, iwe uchabhadhara chikamu chepakati chekuwana mari yako mushure mekubhadhara mari yemishandirapamu, uye kana ukatenga chirongwa chinodhura, iwe uchabhadhara chikamu chepamusoro chemari yako mumashandi ekubhadhara mari.
Muenzaniso wechitatu: Unofanirwa kutenga chinyorwa chega asi pasina rubatsiro rwemari
Mari yegore negore:
- $ 48,241 uye kumusoro kune mumwe munhu
- $ 98,401 uye pamusoro pemhuri yevana
Comments:
- Iwe hauna kukodzera kubhadhara rubatsiro, kana rubatsiro rwemari pane iri muhomwe yemari.
- Kana iwe ukasara usina inshuwalhu yehutano , iwe unogona kunge uchibhadhara chirango chakaenzana ne 2.5 muzana yemari yako kana $ 695 pamunhu mukuru asina kubhadhara kunze kwekuti iwe unokodzera zvimwe zvikwereti. Iyi chirango ichaiswa pa $ 0 yevanhu vasina kuvimbiswa muna 2019 kana kupfuura.
- Kana mari yako inongova zvishoma pamusoro pekugadzirisa zvikwereti, unogona kuzvidzikisa nekupa kune imwe tsika yeIRA kana HSA (kana une chirongwa chehutano hweHSA).
Kuchinja kwevaAmerica vane Health Insurance
Zvichienderana nehutano hwehutano inshuwarheni iwe watova nawo, iwe unogona kana kuti usati wamboona kuchinja semubairo weAACA. .
Kana huwandu hwehutano hwehutano hwaive huri huri urongwa huripo, izvi ndezvimwe zvezvaunogona kuita:
Ramba uri muchirongwa chako chevaranda: Kana wako waunoshandira achiri kupa hutano inshuwarisi, unogona kuichengeta.
Tenga hurongwa hwehutano kuburikidza nehutano hwehutano huri muhutano hwako: Kana uine bhizinesi duku , kana kuti iwe waunoshandira anopa zvishoma zvishoma, kana kuti iwe unofanira kubhadhara kupfuura 9.56% yemari yako muzvikwereti (muna 2018), unogona kutarisa kuitira sarudzo dzakanaka mune shanduro.
Kana hutano hwako hwehutano inshumo ndeye mutemo wega wega iwe wawakazvitengera iwe uye / kana mhuri yako isati ya 2014 izvi ndizvo zvaunogona kuita:
Chengetedza hurongwa hwako huripo: Kana urongwa hwako hwehutano huri kuramba huchipa kugoverwa kwakafanana, unogona kuzvigadzirisa. Zvisinei, hutano hutano hwehutano hutano hunofanirwa kuenderana nehurumende huwandu hwehutano hwehutano; Zvirongwa zvehutano zvekare zvisingasviki nemitemo iyi hazvikwanise kunyorera vatengi vatsva. Vakaronga zvirongwa (kushanda musi waMarch 23, 2010) vanogona kuramba varipo nekusingaperi, chero bedzi iyo inshurensi ichiri kuramba ichivandudza- iyo isingabvumirwi kuita . Zvirongwa zvekukurukurirana (mazuva anoshanda mushure meMarch 23, 2010, asi kusati kwapera kwegore ra2013) vanobvumirwa kuramba vachishanda mukupera kwe 2018.
Tenga kugoverwa kuburikidza nekushandiswa kweinishuwarenzi munharaunda yako: Kana mari yako isingapfuuri 400 muzana yehurombo huri ($ 48,240 kune mumwe chete muna 2018), iwe unogona kukodzera mari yezvemitero inobhadhara mari yekubhadhara mari yekubhadhara kwako. Cherechedza kuti iwe unogona kungotenga mumwe munhu mukuru wehutano hwekurapa (pamusoro kana kuvhara kugoverana) panguva yekubhabhatidzwa kwegore gore rose , kana panguva yekunyora yakakosha yakakonzerwa nechiitiko chakakodzera .
Kana iwe uri paMedare, zvingasarudzwa zvingave zvisina kuchinja zvakanyanya, asi mari yako yakabatana-yakaderera yakaderera kana iwe uchida mishonga yakakwana yaunosvika panzvimbo yakakonzera , uye kuwanika kwako kune maitiro kungave kwakagadziridzwa:
Zvaunofanirwa (kana kuti zvakavimbiswa) zvikwereti uye kukodzera hazvina kuchinja: The ACA haina kuchinja mitemo yekugadzirisa Medicare.
Medicare Kubatsira : Hurumende inobatsiririra zvirongwa zveMedare Advantage dzakaderedzwa, izvo pakutanga zvakaguma nokufungidzira kuti zvirongwa zvingadai zvisinganyanyi kushanda uye kurasikirwa nevanyori. Asi Medicare Kubatsira kunyoresa kwakaramba kuchiwedzera mumakore kubvira apo ACA yakasayirwa mumutemo, uye zvirongwa zvakakurumbira kupfuura kare, nechetatu chevashandi vose veMedare vakanyoresa zvirongwa zveMedare Advantage muna 2017.
Kuwanika kwehutano: Medicare ikozvino inosangana nekushanyirwa kwegore negore, nekuda kweAACA yekudzivirira kuchengetedzwa kwezvipo zvekuchengetedza.
Chirongwa chechirwere chechirwere chechirwere: Chirwere chekushandisa zvinodhaka (Medicare Part D donut hole) chinowedzera kupera, uye chichabviswa ne2020.
> Sources:
> Federal Register. Dhipatimendi reHutano neHuman Services. Murwere Anodzivirirwa uye Anogadziriswa Care Care Act; HHS Chinyorwa cheBatsiro neZokubhadhara Zvikamu zve 2018; Kugadziriswa Kunyoresa Kwemazuva Akazotevera uye Mutengi Akashandiswa uye Akarongeka Zvirongwa Purogiramu. December 22, 2016.
> HealthCare.gov Verengai Mutengo Wakanaka Wechirongwa.
> Internal Revenue Service, Nzira dzeMutero 2017-36 .
> Kaiser Family Foundation, Medicaid Revenue Eligibility Limits for Adult as Percent of the Federal Poverty Level. January 2017.
> Kaiser Family Foundation. Medicare Kubatsira. May 11, 2016.