Zviratidzo, Kuongororwa, uye Kurapa
Chimwe chezvinhu zvinowanzogadzirisa zvachose kusaremara kwekuberekwa kwepamuviri muUnited States, spina bifida chaizvoizvo zvinoreva "kuparadzaniswa kwepfungwa." Zuva rimwe nerimwe, vanenge vasere vana vanoberekwa vane spina bifida muAmerica.
Mamiriro acho akaremara apo vertebrae yomukona haisati yakarongeka zvakakwana kumucheto wesimbi wemwana. Inogona kubva kubva kune unyoro kusvika kune yakaoma mumigumisiro yayo.
Muzviitiko zvinyoro, hapana kurapwa kunodiwa; muzviitiko zvakakomba, pane nharo yakakura yekushungurudza.
Kune mhando mitatu yepina bifida:
- Spina bifida occulta : Chirema chiduku chinowanzokonzera zviratidzo zvishoma kana zvisiri
- Spina bifida cystica meningocele : Chiitiko chinorema chinokonzera imwe membrane yakakomberedza rwonzi rwepelinha kuti ibatisise kunze kwekuvhura
- Spina bifida cystica myelomeningocele : Chimiro chakaipisisa umo mamwe emutsipa wepelinha pachawo anodonha kuburikidza nekuvhura mumutsana.
Vana vanoberekwa vane spina bifida vanogona kunge vane zvimwe zvirwere zvinotyisa zvinokonzerwa neHycecephalus kana Chiari malformation.
Zvinokonzera
Kusvika iye zvino, masayendisiti haana chokwadi kuti chii chinoita kuti spina bifida iite. Inotendwa inokonzerwa nekusanganiswa kwemajini uye yezvakatipoteredza.
Risk Factors
MuUnited States, spina bifida inowanikwa kakawanda pakati peSpainics neCaucasians uye zvishoma nezvishoma muAsia uye Africa-America.
Mazana makumi mapfumbamwe nemashanu kubva muzana evana vanoberekwa vane spina bifida havana mhuri yavo. Zvisinei, kana amai vane mwana vane spina bifida, njodzi yekuti inenge ichiitika zvakare mumimba inotevera inowedzera.
Kuziva
Kuongororwa kwekuongorora ropa kunonzi "alphafetoprotein test" (AFP) inoshandiswa uchishandisa ropa raamai vane pamuviri paanova nemavhiki anokwana makumi maviri namashanu kusvika ku17 kusvika pamuviri.
Kana zvakaguma zvisingasviki, tsanangudzo yakawanda (Level II) ultrasound yakaitwa iyo inogona kuratidza kuvapo kwepina bifida. An amniocentesis (sampling yemamniotic fluid mudumbu) inogona kuitwa kuti ione zvakare nhamba ye AFP.
Kurapa
Hakuna mushonga wakakwana wepina bifida. Kuvhura mumutsana kunogona kuvhurwa kana kuti kana mushure mokuberekwa uye izvi zvingaderedza migumisiro yayo pamuviri.
Sezvo spina bifida inokonzera kukuvara kumutsipa wepelinha, nguva dzose kurapwa kunowanzodiwa kuti utarisire zviratidzo zvakadai sekuoma kumira, kufamba, kana kunyura. Vamwe vanhu vachakwanisa kufamba nemapfundo kana mitsipa yemakumbo; vamwe vangave vanoda chikwata chevasimhuya kuti vaende kumativi ose muupenyu hwavo. Vana nevakuru vane myelomeningocele vachave nezvinetso zvezvechiremba uye vanoda kurapwa kwakanyanya kwazvo mune zvekurapa.
Maonero evana vane spina bifida akashandura zvinoshamisa kwemakore. Zvakaitika munguva pfupi yapfuura zvakaratidza kuti avo vane spina bifida vanokwanisa kurarama hupenyu huri hwemazuva ose. Vana makumi mapfumbamwe kubva muzana vanoberekwa vane chirwere vanopona vachiri vapenyu uye 75% vanogona kutamba mitambo uye vanoita mune mamwe mabasa.
Nekuziva kuti mwana wako ane spina bifida inogona kukurira, zvakaitika munguva pfupi yapfuura zvakagadzirisa kutarisa mamiriro acho ezvinhu.
Sources:
Bowman RM, McLone DG, Grant JA, Tomita T, Ito JA. Spina Bifida Mugumisiro: Une makore 25 Anofungidzira. Pediatr Neurosurg, 2001, 114-120.
Mathews TJ, Honein MA, Erickson JD. "Spina Bifida uye Anencephaly Prevalence - United States." MMWR Inobvuma Rep, 2002, 9-11.
Spina Bifida Foundation. "Chii chinonzi Spina Bifida?" 2015.