Ive yakave yakanyatsozivikanwa kuti mhuka dzemhando dzekuedza mishonga nezvimwe zvirongwa zvekurapa zvine zvikanganiso zvakakura zvakasiyana. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, nzira idzi dzakashata uye dzine utsinye. Uyezve, zvidzidzo izvi hazvikwanisi kunyatsofanotaura nezvehupenyu hwevanhu. Zvakawanda zvezviongorori izvi zvinouya nemari yakawanda, izvo zvinoreva kuti mamwe mishonga haigone kuitisa muchikamu chekuedza.
Vatsvakurudzi vari pasi rose vave vachishanda mukukudziridza nhengo dziduku dzevanhu dzinogona kutora nzvimbo yekuongorora mhuka nekukurumidza miedzo yezvinodhaka. Kuongorora kwavo kunoratidza kuti teknolojia iyi inotanga kuitika inowanzofanotaura kushanda kwemuviri kune zvinodhaka uye zvirwere pasina kushandisa zvidzidzo. Iyo mishonga yemishonga iri kuratidza kufarira iyi teknolojia yehutano yehutano, iyo iri kubatsira kupisa inyanzvi.
Organ-On-A-Chip yekuedzwa kweMishonga
Nhengo-on-a-chip chigadzirwa chakagadzirwa uchishandisa microchip manufacturing method. Inenge ichienderera mberi ichigadzirisa makamuri akabatanidzwa nemasero evanhu vari kurarama. Ukuru hwekombiyuta kadiki yekuyeuchidza komutambo, chigadzirwa ichi chinoshandisa biology nemabasa emitambo chaiyo uye inovandudza pane zvishandiswa zviripo nhasi (zvakadai semasero mhenyu akakurira mune petri dish).
Masayendisiti akatoita nhengo dzakasiyana-siyana-pamusoro-chips: mapapu, mwoyo, mumatumbo, uye chiropa.
Chireve-on-a-chip, somuenzaniso, ine mishonga yemapurmonary uye capillary ine rumwe rutivi rwakasvibirira mukati-kati semaropa uye imwe inoenda kumhepo. Izvi zvinopa masayendisiti anonzwisisa muchikamu chemapapu apo gasi rinoshandiswa. Iyi ndiyo nzvimbo iyo zvinetso zvepammonary zvakadai sezvirwere uye kenza zvinowanzoitika.
Chireve-on-chip-chip-up chinoshanduka, saka chinotambanudza uye chibvumirano zvakadai semapapu evanhu-kududzira basa remuviri mupenyu.
Nhengo-on-chips teknolojia inobva kumaLbs of Wyss Institute yeBiologically Inspired Engineering paHarvard University. Mamwe makambani ekutengeserana ari kuumba zviputi zvinodzokorora nhengo ine chirwere pamwe chete. Vamwe vari kutarisa nzira yekushandisa zvinodhaka - zvose zviri kutenderwa uye zvangobva zvagadziridzwa - zviitwe mune izvi zvigadzirwa kana zvichienzaniswa nemuviri wemunhu. Sezvo makambani emishonga anobvumirana kuti kuisa mari mu chip technology kunotsvaga kwakakodzera, huwandu hwekutsvaga kwekutsvaga nekugadziridzwa kunotevera kuchaita nhengo-pa-chips kunyanya kubatsira mune ramangwana.
Gore rakapera, Emulate, Inc. yakashambadzira kubatanidzwa pamwe naJohnson & Johnson uye Wyss Institute kuti vaongorore kushungurudzwa kwavo kwep-platform-iyo inogona kushandiswa kuedza zvinodhaka zvinonzi zvinoita kuti ropa rivhare. Icho chip maitiro zvakasiyana-siyana zvinogona kuita kuti kuve nekudzivirira ropa. Kana akabudirira, teknolojia iyi inogona kushandiswa mumakirini emishonga emakiriniki kuti kuderedze njodzi inokonzerwa nedzimwe mishonga - yakadai semasikirini-therapeutics uye oncology mishonga - inozivikanwa pamigumisiro inogona kuitika inosangana neropa rekuvhara ropa.
Kufambira mberi kwemukukura mukukura kwemuviri kunobva kumasero ematsipa kunogonawo kutsigira nhengo-on-a-chip technology. Ongororo dzinoratidza kuti masero emunhu anogona kurongwa kuti abudise marudzi akasiyana-siyana ezvitunha. Kunyange zvazvo zvichitora nguva isati yasvika nzira iyi inogona kushandiswa kukura nhengo dzevanhu dzakagadzirwa kuti dzishandure varwere, inogona kutotanga kushandiswa kuti ikure mhuka dzevanhu ye-organ-on-a-chip model.
Ichange Ichangove Ive Munhu-On-A-Chip?
Masayendisiti paWilss Institute ari kushanda purojekiti yekuzvikudza: Vari kutarisa mukubatanidza nhengo dzakasiyana-siyana-ku-chips kuti dzigadzire mufananidzo wevanhu vose.
Izvi zvinogona kubatsira miedzo yezvinodhaka nenzira isina kufanana. Multiple in vitro "zvidzidzo" zvinogona kuongororwa uye kuongororwa nekuda kwekupindura kwechimwe chirwere munguva pfupi.
Homo chippiens , sezvo mufananidzo wacho wakanzi ichinyadzisa, yakatsvakurudzwawo neU.S. Environmental Protection Agency seimwe nzira yekudzidza nezvemigumisiro yezvinokonzera zvoutachiona, zvakadai semigumisiro dioxin uye Bisphenol A (BPA) ine munhu pachiropa.
Panguva ino, inenge ipi zvayo mishonga mitsva ichiri kudikanwa kutora nguva yakareba yekurapa uye yekuongororwa kuvanhu pakutanga isati yasvika pamusika. Kubudirira kwezvikamu zviduku zvevanhu zvinogona kuita kuti hurongwa hwekufambisa huve shoma kuburikidza nekubvarura chikamu chemutemo mushonga wekutsvaga mushonga. Dzimwe nyanzvi, zvisinei, inonyevera kuti chips haigoni kutora kukwana kwakazara kwechimiro chevanhu uye kuti teknolojia iyi ine zvisingakwanisi kugadziriswa vasati vashandise sevamwe nzira dzechokwadi kune nhengo chaiyo.