Iwe uri chivimbo chekudzivirira kana kunyanyisa kunyara here? Iwe unotora dambudziko here? Upenyu hwako hunorongwa here? Iwe unotsamwira nyore nyore here? Inopfuura 20 000 mapeji esayenzi anoratidza kuti majini edu anokonzera unhu hwedu. Mamwe maitiro ekuti geneticists anotaura kuti kusvika 60 muzana yehupenyu hwedu hunozvarwa, asi vamwe vose vanobva nekuda kwezvakatipoteredza.
Izvi hazviiti, zvisinei, zvinoreva kuti hatigoni kuchinja maitiro edu.
Nokunzwisisa unhu hwedu huri nani, tinogona kudzidza kufamba nemararamiro edu mune nzira inogona kubudirira. Iye zvino, kune teknolojia yakawanikwa iyo inogona kutibatsira kuti tibatanidze genetics uye psychology nezvimwe zvikamu zvehupenyu hwedu, zvakadai sehukama, basa uye hupenyu hwakanaka.
DNA Yokutanga-Matched Flatshares
Kunyange zvazvo 99,6 muzana yemagetsi edu akafanana, isu tose takasiyana. Kunyangwe zvisingasviki 1 muzana zvemajini edu ane kusiyana, kusiyana uku ndiko kunoita kuti mumwe nomumwe wedu ave akakosha. Nucleotide single polymorphisms (SNPs) inomiririra maitiro akajairika emagetsi anoita kuti isu tive oga. SNPs inokanganisa mahomoni uye mapurogiramu ekuberekwa kweeurotransmitter. Sezvo mahomoni ave akaratidza kuti ane simba pamusoro pemafambiro edu, tinogona kuifungidzira iyo SNPs inopa maitiro edu simba rakawanda rekuberekwa. Semuenzaniso, marefu ehomoni oxytocin anowanzowanika kune munhu ane rudo, nepo high dopamine mazinga ave achibatana nevanotora mikana.
Zvemabhizimisi mazamu emagetsi zvino ava kuwanika anokwanisa kuongorora majeni ako ane chokuita nemahomoni uye neurotransmitters, kusanganisira dopamine, oxytocin uye serotonin. Iyi miedzo inogona kukubatsira kuti udzidze zvakawanda nezvemajini ako maitiro. Gemetrics uye LifeNome makambani maviri anopa DNA-unhu hunoita kuti uwane mukana wokutsvaga mazamu ako sezvaanotaura nezvemaitiro aanogona kuita mumagariro ako evanhu, zvisikwa, chiyeuchidzo, pamwe nekudzidza kwako maitiro.
Izvo zvitsvakurudzo zvitsva zvehutano hwemaitiro zvakafuridzirawo pfungwa yekushandisa DNA-hutano hwehutano paunenge uchitsvaga imba yakakodzera. SpareRoom, imba neimba kugovera webhusaiti iyo inoshanda muUnited States uye United Kingdom iri kuunza basa idzva kukubatsira kuwana muvakidzani uyo achafananidza nhoroondo yako yeDNA. Iyo kambani iri kuvaka pa teknolojia yakagadzirwa neKarmagenes, kutanga kweSwitzerland-iyo inobatanidza DNA uye kuongorora kwepfungwa.
Karmagenes, iyo inonzi "Ita iwe pachako," yakavaka teknolojia yehutano yehutano ichishandisa tsvakurudzo kubva pakutsvakurudza kwakabudiswa. Vanyoresa SpareRoom vanopiwa chikwata chokuzvidzivirira kuti vawane sampuli yemashizha avo. Vashandi vanogonawo kutora mibvunzo yepamusoro yepfungwa inonzi psychometric. Mune karmagenes yebhu, DNA yako inobviswa kubva mumasero ako epithelial. SNP yako inozivikanwa uye inoongororwa uchishandisa bioinformatics. Vatsvakurudzi vanobva kuKarmagenes vanoshandisa shanduro yakakosha yekubatanidza SNP uye mazita ejeni nemafambiro akasiyana-siyana.
Mhedziso yekupedzisira inoguma inosanganisira 14 hutsika huno-kusanganisira kutarisira, kuvimba uye kushushikana kwekutambudzika-uye kunoratidza kuti maitiro aya anotungamirirwa sei nemajeni ako. SpareRoom chinangwa chekushandisa Karmagenes zviwanikwa zvekukurudzira vanhu pamusoro pehuhu hupi hwavanonyatsotaridzana nawo, kuderedza mikana yekubatana kwemaharadhi.
A Era Itsva yeGenomic Psychology
Dzimwe nyanzvi dzinopikisa kuti kana iwe uchiziva mumwe munhu maitiro ezvibhenekeri kunze kwehupenyu hwake hwehupenyu, unogona kunzwisisa mufambiro wemunhu zviri nani. Achishandisa izvi-ruzivo rwakananga, nyanzvi yezvepfungwa anogona, nenzira yekufungidzira, kuronga hutano hunobudirira hwehutano hwepfungwa. Nezvitsva zvesayenzi uye zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi, hutano hwepanyama hunochinja kuve genomic psychology. Izwi re genomic rinotarisa kuwirirana pakati peiyo genetic uye zvakatipoteredza pane imwe molecule-inopfuura kudarika.
Purofesa Turhan Canli weStony Brook University, New York, anotaura kuti mune ramangwana genomic analysis ingabatsira vabatsiri vepfungwa kwete kungotsanangura asiwo kufanotaura uye zvichida kuchinja maitiro evanhu.
Kutsvakurudza kwake kunonyanya kugadzirisa zvirongwa zvehupenyu zvinogadzirisa kusiyana kwevanhu.
Semuenzaniso, boka rake rekutsvakurudza rave richitsvaga zvingaita kuti zvibatane nekuora mwoyo. Vakatanga mapping neural correlates ekubatana pakati pe serotonin genotype uye kushungurudzika. Iyo serotonin inotakura gena iri pa chromosome 17, uye tinotakura kopi imwe kubva kumubereki mumwe nomumwe. Munhu anogona kuva nemhando miviri miviri yeiyo geni, imwe shoma uye imwe chete yakasiyana-siyana, kana maviri akasiyana-siyana. Bhuku raCanli rakashandisa fMRI kuongorora uropi hwekushandiswa kwezvinhu zvakabatana nekudzvinyirira uye kuora mwoyo (amygdala uye hippocampus) uye nheyo dzese dzeropa dzinozorora pane vanhu vane uye vasina nhoroondo yekuora mwoyo. Ivo vakafananidza zvawanikwa nemunhu we genotype.
Vakaona kuti mumutakuri wechinyorwa chakakosha che chromosome 17 serotonin geni, kushungurudzika kwehupenyu kwakabatanidzwa nepamusoro pokuzorora kushandiswa. Kusiyana neizvi, mune vatakuri vehupenyu hwakareba, kunyanya kushungurudzika kwakaguma nekudzikisa kwekuita kushanda. Canli akagumisa kuti kushungurudzika kwehupenyu kunogona kunge kwakagadzirisa zvakasiyana nevanhu zvichienderana neserotonin yavo gene kutaura. A de-sensitizing effect inogona kuonekwa mukati mevatakuri nevhu rakasiyana-siyana, asi vatakuri vekanguva shole vanowedzera kukurudzirwa nekunetseka.
Gene polymorphisms yakaongororwa mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzepfungwa. Masangano akawanikwawo mune schizophrenia, chirwere cheAlzheimer, kucherechedza-kukanganisa kusagadzikana kwehutano, uye manzwiro uye kushungurudzika kwepfungwa. Tsvakurudzo yebhuku revanhu inoratidzika seyikupa mazano anokosha kune maitiro edu.
Kukanganisa kwekuita maGenetics
Kunyange zvazvo maitiro ezvemararamiro ari kupa chimwe chinhu chinokosha chekutsvakurudza kwekuzvibata, sayenzi haigoni kutaura kuti DNA yedu ndiyo nguva yedu yekupedzisira. Masayendisiti angakwanisa kubereka mitsva iyo inoshingaira kana inotyisa, zvisinei, kune zvakawanda zvakaoma mukugadzirisa kwemajini-zvakatipoteredza zvinoita kuti vanhu zvive zvakaoma "kuronga" pamusoro pekufanotaura maitiro avo. Hapana munhu anogona kunyatsoziva kuti iwe uchava munhu wei uye kuti chii chauchaita zvichienderana nemajeni ako. Iyi nheyo inotsigirwazve nekubuda kwe epigenetics, iyo inotaura kuti majee evanhu anogona kushandurwa uye kubviswa nekunze kana kwezvakatipoteredza.
Kunyange zvakadaro, teknolojia itsva inogona kupa mukana unofadza wokuwana zivo mune zvepfungwa dzedu. Sezvo teknolojia yehutano inoshanduka zvinokosha kuti kufambira mberi uku hakubvumiri uye kunoshandiswa munzira dzisina kunaka (semuenzaniso, kukuvadza vamwe mapoka evanhu kana kuwedzera kusagadzikana kune avo vari kutotambura). Vanhu vazhinji vanoona kufanana pakati pemafambiro ekunyora uye eugenics kuvhiringidza. Nyanzvi dzinobvumirana kuti tinoda kuziva zvose zvingangobatsira uye kushandiswa kwekodhidhiya inoverengeka inobatanidza nehutano hwemararamiro uye inoshandisa kufambira mberi kwenyika nenzira yakangwarira uye yakangwarira.
> Sources
> Bouchard Jr. T, Loehlin J. Genes, kushanduka, uye unhu. Behavior Genetics . 2001; 31 (3): 243-273.
> Canli T. Kubudirira kwe genomic psychology. Nzwisisiro kubva kuongorori yegenomic inogona kubvumira vanachiremba vepfungwa kuti vanzwisise, vataure uye vashandise mararamiro evanhu. EMBO Reports . 2007; 8 (Suppl1): S30-S34.
> McGue M. Kuguma kwetsika dzezvekuita genetics ?. Behavior Genetics . May 2010; 40 (3): 284-296.
> Plomin R, Colledge E. Genetics uye Psychology: Kupfuura kukwana. Yepancheji yeEurope . 2001; 6 (4): 229-240.