Nhengo dzekuchera dzinosanganisira nzira yemakumbo, iyo apo zvose zvinenge zvichiitika uye dzimwe nhengo dzinowanikwa. Ndiyo imwe bhuru refu iyo inotanga pamuromo uye inoguma ne anus. Nhengo dzinoshandiswa dzinoshandisa zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana mumatomu emagumbu anoita kuti sarudzo yose ive nyore. Heino kutarira kwenguva pfupi nhengo dzekudya:
Nhengo dzeTsika dzeBumbo
Oral cavity. Uyu ndiwo muromo wako, uye kana isiri nhengo yomuviri, zvinokosha nokuti kuchema kunotanga mumuromo mako apo iwe uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchidya. Maseji (kana kupfira) anodya zvokudya kuitira kuti zvive nyore kumedza. Iyo inewo zvishoma zvishoma salivary amylase, enzyme inobereka iyo inoputsa makhahydrates.
Pharynx. Icho chikamu chikamu chehuro mako apo chikamu chemukati memuromo wako chinosangana nesophagus uye trachea (mhepo yako yemhepo). Sezvo nemuromo, haisi inyanzvi nhengo, asi inokosha. Paunenge wapedza kudya chekudya, rurimi rwako runodonha zvokudya zvakare kumashure. Chimwe chezvigunwe zvinonzi epiglotti inodzima pombi iyo iwe uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchidya kuitira kuti zvokudya zvirege kuwira pasi.
Esophagus. Kana ukangomedza izvo zviyo zvekudya, zvinofamba zvichidzika pasi kusvika kune dumbu.
Icho chinongova chikwata uye kwete nhengo yakaoma.
Dumbu. Dumbu rako inonzi muscular bag-like organ. Maseji ari mudumbu rinokonzera secrete gastric juices inoputsa mapuroteni, uye kumafuta maduku maduku, uye zvimwe zvinhu zvishomanana. Mushonga wemisungo uye inomesa mudumbu mukati mokuvhenganisa nemusi.
Izvi zvinoshandura maronda ezvokudya zvawakamedza muzvinhu zvinodhaka zvinonzi chyme.
Small intestine. Utumbo hudiki ndiko kunopera kudya uye kunwa kwezvinhu zvinovaka. Kudyidzana kwemakemikari kunoputsa zvimedu zvekupedzisira zvezvokudya mumunhu mumwechete zvinovaka muviri kuitira kuti zvikwanise kuendeswa kumativi mashoma emadziro uye muropa remvura. Kune zvikamu zvitatu kumucheche muduku unonzi duodenum, jejunum, uye ileum.
Makumbo makuru. Nenguva iyo chyme inosvika pamutsipa mukuru, mishonga yakagadziridzwa, saka basa guru pano nderokunyora mamwe emvura uye kugadzirira zvasara kuti zviparadzwe sezvipfeko. Inoguma ne rectum uye anus.
Zvisungo zveMutambo
Salivary glands. Zvose izvo salivha inofanira kubva kune imwe nzvimbo, uye ndizvo izvo zvinyorwa zvinokodzera zvakakodzera. Iwe une mapaundi matatu emakwenzi, mapeti, parlingual and submandibular, izvo zvose zvakabatana mumuromo wako.
Chiropa. Iyi inhengo yakanyanyisa yakawanda nemabasa akawanda, asi kusvika pakudya, inobereka bile , iyo yakavanzwa mumukati muduku kuti ibatsire kuputsa mafuta nemafuta.
Gallbladder. Chikamu chiduku-sechimiro chinochengetedza bile kusvikira zvichidikanwa.
Chinhu chakanaka kuva neguruva, asi iwe unogona kurarama pasina imwe kana zvichidikanwa.
Pancreas. Iri nhengo inogadzira makemikari emuviri anokonzera ma carbohydrate, mafuta, uye mapuroteni mumucheche muduku. Iyo inovharawo bicarbonates mumukati muduku, iyo inotadzisa pH acidic ye chyme.
Ubongo nemhino? Iwe unogona kupikisa uropi inhengo yekugadzirisa sezvo pfungwa yekudya chete inogona kutanga kutenderera kwemate. Nenzira iyo, mhino yako inokosha zvakare, nokuti kunhuhwirira kwezvokudya iwe unofarira kuchaita kuti muromo wako udiriwe. Kuva nekumhanya kwematanga kunobatsira kuchera nekuti zvinowedzera nyore kutsva uye kumedza kudya.
Sources:
Gropper SS, Smith JL, Groff JL. "Kuvandudza Kudya uye Manetabolism." Shanduro yechitanhatu. Belmont, CA. Wadsworth Publishing Company, 2013. 8, 2016.
Smolin LA, Grosvenor, MB. "Zvokudya zvinovaka muviri: Sayenzi uye Applications." Dhidhiro yechitatu. Wiley Publishing Company, 2013.
United States Dhipatimendi Rezve Utano uye Human Services, National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse (NDDIC). "Yenyu Yokugadzira uye Iyo Inoshanda Sei."