Mishonga inokonzera mishonga inogona kunge yakachengeteka uye inogona kukuchengetedza kusvika ku80%
Ichi chinyorwa pamusoro pemishonga chaiyo inobva pane zvinyorwa kubva kuU.S. Food and Drug Administration.
Pasinei nokuti une mishonga yemishonga inoshandiswa kana kuti kwete, kana ukashandisa zvinodhaka zvinokonzerwa nehutano hwako iwe unogona kuchengetedza mari - kazhinji inopfuura 50% pasi pezita rechirwere chemishonga. Asi, zvinodhaka zvinodhaka zvakachengeteka here? Maererano neU.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), mishonga yemishonga yakachengeteka uye inobudirira sezvo zita rezita racho rakaenzana.
Chii chinonzi mishonga yemishonga?
Zita remishonga mishonga rinogona kubudiswa chete uye kutengeswa nekambani inobata patent yezvinodhaka. Zvinodhaka zvinodhaka zvinogona kuwanikwa nemishonga yepamusoro kana kupfuura-the-counter. Semuyenzaniso:
- Valsartan, mushonga unoshandiswa kurapa kuwedzera kweropa, inotengeswa nemirairo chete neNovartis Pharmaceuticals pasi pezita rinonzi Diovan.
- Loratadine, mushonga unoshandiswa kurapa utachiona, hunotengeswa pamusoro pekamberi ne Schering-Plow HealthCare Products pasi pezita rezita rinonzi Claritin.
Ndeipi mishonga yemishonga?
Apo kodhi yezita remishonga yezita remagumo rinopera, shanduro ye generic yemushonga inogona kubudiswa uye kutengeswa. Chimiro chechirwere chechirwere chinoshandiswa kushandiswa zvakafanana (s) sezita rezita rechirwere uye rinofanira kusangana nehutano hwakafanana uye kuchengeteka kwehutano. Uyezve, iyo FDA inoda kuti mishonga inowanzove yakafanana neyezita remishonga yemishonga mu:
- muyero
- kuchengeteka
- simba
- nzira iyo inoshanda
- nenzira iyo inotorwa
- nzira iyo inofanira kushandiswa nayo
- hutano huri hunoita
Zvose zvinodhaka zvinodhaka zvinofanira kuongororwa uye zvinogamuchirwa neU.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) vasati vasarudzwa kana kutengeswa pamusoro pe-counter.
Mishonga yangu yemagetsi yakachengeteka uye inobudirira semishonga-zita remishonga here?
Maererano neDFA, mishonga yose, kusanganisira mazita emishonga emishonga uye zvinodhaka, inofanira kushanda zvakanaka uye igare yakachengeteka.
Zvizvarwa zvinodhaka zvinoshandiswa zvakafanana zvinoshandiswa sezvinofanirwa nevamwe vavo uye naizvozvo, vane ngozi imwechete uye inobatsira.
Vanhu vazhinji vane hanya nehutano hwezvinodhaka zvinodhaka. Kuti uve nechokwadi chehutano, kuchengeteka, uye kubudirira, FDA inoshandisa zvinodhaka zvose zvinowanikwa kuburikidza nekugadzirisa kwepurogiramu yakazara kusanganisira kuongororwa kwezvesayenzi pamusoro pezvinokonzerwa nemishonga yemishonga pamwe nekushanda. Uyezve, FDA inoda kuti chimiro chekushandisa zvinodhaka chinowanzosangana nemafambiro akafanana semuti wezita remishonga yemishonga. Kuita kuti hutungamiri hutevedze mutemo uyu, FDA inoita inenge 3 500 pa-site yekuongorora gore negore.
Inenge hafu yezvose zvinodhaka zvinokonzerwa nekambani dzemakambani. Vanogona kuita mapepa emishonga yavo pachavo kana rimwe remamwe mazita emishonga emishonga uye vobva vatengesa pasina zita.
Kana mishonga yangu yakagadzirwa ine chinhu chakafanana chinoshanda sezita rezita-zita, nei richiita zvakasiyana?
Dhiyabhorosi zvinodhaka hazvibvumirwi kutarisa zvakafanana nedzimwe mimwe mishonga inotengeswa nekuda kwemitemo yemabhizimusi eUnited States. Kunyange zvazvo zvinodhaka zvinokonzera kuva nemishonga inoshandiswa sezvinoitwa zita-zita remishonga, marara, kunakidza, mamwe maitiro asingashandisi, uye chimiro chemishonga inogona kunge yakasiyana.
Kune mazita emishonga ega ega ane chirwere chemutambo here?
Mishonga yemishonga yemagetsi inowanzopiwa kudzivirirwa kwepentent kwemakore anenge 17. Izvi zvinopa kudzivirirwa kwekambani yemishonga inobhadharwa nekutsvakurudza, kubudirira, uye kutengesa mari yezvinodhaka zvitsva. Iyo brevende haina kubvumira chero imwe kambani kugadzira uye kutengesa mishonga. Zvisinei, apo patent iyo inopera, mamwe makambani emishonga, akambobvumirwa neDFA, anogona kutanga kugadzira uye kutengesa shanduro yemutauro wemishonga.
Nokuda kwehutano hwemutemo, mishonga yakange iri pamusika kwemakore anopfuura 17 haina yekuti yakaenzana inotengeswa.
Zvisinei, chiremba wako anogona kupa mishonga yakafanana yekurapa chirwere chako chinenge chiripo chinowanikwa. Somuenzaniso, kana uri kutora Lipitor (Atorvastatin), iyo ichiri pakadzivirirwa kwepentent, yepamusoro cholesterol, chiremba wako anogona kukuendesa kune simvastatin, shanduro yeZocor.
Nemhaka yei zvinodhaka zvinodhura zvisingadhuri kupfuura zvinonzi brand-name drugs?
Maererano neArmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America, zvinotora makore anopfuura manomwe kuunza mushonga mutsva kutengesa uye inodhura zvinopfuura $ 800 mamiriyoni. Sezvo makambani ekushandisa zvinodhaka asingatenderwi kukura mishonga kubva pakutanga, zvinodhura zvakanyanya kuderedza kuunza mishonga kumusika.
Kamwe kamwe mishonga yemagetsi inogamuchirwa, makambani akawanda anogona kubudisa uye kutengesa mishonga. Uyu makwikwi anobatsira kuteredza mitengo. Mukuwedzera, mishonga yakawanda yakawanda inogadziriswa, inoshandiswa mishonga inoshandiswa isingadi kutakura mari yekutsvaga. Kazhinji zvinodhaka zvinodhura 30% kusvika 50% pasi pezita rechirwere zvinodhaka.
Nemhaka yei vamwe vatarisi vezvehutano vachizeza kurumbidza kana kupa mishonga inowanikwa?
Pasinei nokuti chokwadi chinoshandiswa mumishonga inowanzoita zvakafanana neshamwari yezita-mazita, zviduku zvakasiyana zvinogona kukanganisa kuti mishonga inobatsira inoshanda sei mumuviri wako. Izvi zvingave zvakakonzerwa nekushandiswa kwemishonga inowanzoitwa kana kuti iyo yakagadzirwa uye yakawanda yezvinhu zvisina kushandiswa zviripo mumishonga. Kune vamwe vanhu, izvi zvishoma zvakasiyana zvinogona kuita kuti mishonga isanyanya kushanda kana kutungamirira kumigumisiro.
Muenzaniso wepikisano pamusoro pezvinyorwa zvinokonzera zita remishonga inonzi mishonga ndeye drug levothyroxine, yakashandiswa kurapa vanhu vane hutachiona hwepamusoro hwehutano (hypothyroidism). Sezvo vanhu vakawanda vane hutachiona hwepamusoro vane hutano hushoma kudarika muzano remishonga yavo, kushandura pakati pezita-brand uye generic versions ye levothyroxine kunogona kukonzera zviratidzo zvediki mishonga yehutachiona kana madhara kubva pamishonga yakawandisa.
Usati wachinja kune zvinodhaka, taura nachiremba wako uye uone kuti iwe mose makasununguka nekuchinja.
Zvinyorwa kubva kuDFA
- Orange Book of Generic Equivalents - An online resource for information pamusoro pezvose zviripo zvinodhaka zvinogamuchirwa neCDA
- Mwedzi weMwedzi Inowanikwa Mishonga Inodhakwa Mishonga - Rwendo rwezvinobudiswa zvinotenderwa zvinodhaka, kutanga-nguva generic, uye kubvumidza kutenderera