Chirwere chepfungwa, chinonziwo chirwere chekubata chirwere chiitiko chinoratidzirwa nechikonzero chekugumburwa. Kana iwe wakamboonekwa uine chirwere chekufa kana kuti nechirwere chekutsvaga chechikonzero chero chipi zvacho, unogona kutora imwe kana kupfuura mishonga yekurapa (anti-seizure medication) kuti uderedze mikana yako yekubatwa.
Mishonga yekudzivirira-gwapa mishonga ine mishonga ine kemikemu inokonzera uropi kudzivisa kuparara.
Vanonziwo anticonvulsants, uye ivo vanongowanikwa chete nemishonga nekuti vane mishonga ine simba.
Iko kune anenge 30 anticonvulsants akasiyana. Izvozvo zvakasiyana-siyana anticonvulsants ane maitiro ezvokuita zvemasimiti anoita kuti vamwe vavo vakwanise kunyatsogadzirisa chirwere chako chekubata kune vamwe. Mazhinji anticonvulsants anoregererwa uye anoshanda, asi anogona kubudisa migumisiro yechirwere. Kana uri kutora imwe kana akawanda anticonvulsants, zvinobatsira kuti uzive nemigumisiro kuitira kuti iwe ugovaziva kana iwe uchinge uchinge uwana chero wavo.
Zvishandiso uye Migumisiro Yechirwere yeAnticonvulsants Kazhinji
Levetiracetam inowanzozivikanwa nezita rokuti Keppra. Icho chimwe chezvinyanya kushandiswa anticonvulsants kuvana nevakuru uye inowanzoshandiswa pamwe chete kana imwe anticonvulsants.
Migumisiro yakajairika inosanganisira kuneta, chizivo, kuora mwoyo, kusagadzikana, uye utachiona.
Kazhinji, inogona kuwirirana nezvinetso zvakakomba zvakadai sokuderera kwemasero eropa, psychosis uye Steven Johnson syndrome. Ichi ndicho chisingawanzogadziriswa chinoratidzwa nemararamiro akafanana nemafungiro uye zvirwere zvakanyanya zveganda, izvo zvinogona kukonzera utachiona hunouraya kana kuuraya mafunguro.
Phenytoin ndeimwe yemapurisa akare anticonvulsant uye inowanzozivikanwa nezita rinonzi Dilantin.
Inogona kushandiswa yoga kana inosanganiswa nemamwe anticonvulsants ekutora kugadzirisa vana nevakuru.
Zvimwe zvinosanganisa zvinosanganisira uhuzha, kuneta, kunetseka kuisa pfungwa, kuonekwa kaviri, uye gingival hypertrophy (kuwedzera kwemuviri).
Pashoma pacho, zvinetso zvakakomba zvakadai sekuderera kwemasero eropa, chiropa chisina kukwana, uye Steven Johnson syndrome inogona kuitika.
Carbamazepine inozivikanwa nemazita mazita Tegretol naCarbatrol. Inogona kushandiswa iri yoga kana inosanganiswa nemamwe anticonvulsants nokuda kwekudzivirira kwekugumburwa kwevana nevakuru. Carbamazepine inowanzoshandiswa mukurapa marwadzo anowirirana nemamiriro ezvinhu akadai neuropathy uye trigeminal neuralgia .
Tegretol inogona kukonzera chirwere, kusvibiswa kana kuonekwa kaviri kushanda kweganda. Kushanda kweganda kunogona kufambira mberi uye kuve kwakanyanya, uye kunyange kunogona kuuraya. Carbamazepine inogonawo kukonzera kushungurudza, kurutsa, kubudisa mararamiro, uye kuderedza masimba e-sodium. Kakawanda, kuderera kwakanyanya mune rimwe remasero machena eropa, anonzi neutrophils, anemia yakaoma, kushaya chiropa, uye Steven-Johnson syndrome inogona kuitika.
Valproic acid inowanzozivikanwa nezita rokuti Depakote. Inogona kushandiswa yoga kana yakabatana nemamwe anticonvulsants kune vana nevakuru.
Valproic acid inowanzoshandiswa kuitisa kukanganisa kunobatanidza nekukura kwehutano hwehuduku hwakadai seJuble Myoclonic Epilepsy uye Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome pamwe chete ne petit mal kana kutadza kusangana.
Migumisiro yakajairika inosanganisira uhuzha, kuneta, kudengenyeka, kuvhiringidzika mumimba, kurasikirwa kwevhudzi, kuwedzerwa kwemahombe uye kunyorera nyore. Kazhinji, kusakwana kwechiropa uye kusaita kwemwedzi kunogona kuitika. Kukanganisa kuberekwa kunogona kuguma nevana vevakadzi vanotora valproic acid panguva yekuzvitakura
Gabapentin anozivikanwa nezita rokuti Neurontin. Ichi ndicho mishonga inowedzera-yechipfupa. Gabapentin inowanzoshandiswa kudzivirira mamiriro ezvinhu anorwadza, zvakadai sekurwadziwa kweuropathy uye misoro.
Zvimwe zvikanganiso zvinosanganisira kuneta uye chizivo.
Phenobarbital imwe yekare uye yakanyatsonzwisiswa anticonvulsants. Phenobarbital inogona kushandiswa yoga kana inosanganiswa nemamwe anticonvulsants kuvana nevakuru.
Zvimwe zvinokonzera zvinosanganisira uhuzha, kuneta, dambudziko kuisa pfungwa uye kutaura kusinganzwisisiki.
Primidone inozivikanwa nezita rokuti Mysoline. Iyo inowanzoshandiswa kugadzirisa kutora vana. Imwe shanduro yePrmidone ndeyekurapa kwechiitiko chinonzi ' chinotyisa chinotyisa ', icho chinoratidzwa nekudengenyeka nekudedera kwemaoko, kunyanya munguva dzekutambudzika.
Zvimwe zvinosanganisa zvinosanganisira kurasikirwa nekuenzanisa, kusagadzikana, kuneta, nystagmus (kufamba kweziso rakasimba) uye kurutsa.
Topiramate is anticonvulsant inozivikanwa nezita rokuti Topamax. Topiramate inowanzoshandiswa pamwe chete nemamwe anticonvulsants pakurapa kukanganisa kwakashata muvana nevakuru. Dzimwe nguva, Topiramate inoshandiswa kudzivirira kurwadziwa kwemigraine kana kurwadziwa neuropathic.
Zvikanganiso zvinosanganisira kusagadzikana, kuoma kuisa pfungwa. kurasikirwa uye kumira.
Kazhinji, zvinokonzerwa nemigumisiro yakadai sa glaucoma, itsvo dzemabwe uye mafivha makuru (kunyanya muvana) anogona kuitika.
Oxcarbazepine inozivikanwa nezita rokuti Trileptal. Inogona kushandiswa yoga kana inosanganiswa nemimwe mishonga uye dzimwe nguva inoshandiswa kurapa marwadzo pamwe chete.
Zvimwe zvinokonzera zvinosanganisira uhuzha, kugona, muromo wakaoma, kuvhiringidza uye kuonesa.
Kungofanana ne carbamazepine, kazhinji inogona kukonzera ropa shoma uye kuora kweganda kwakanyanya.
Tiagabine inozivikanwa nezita rokuti Gabitril. Inoshandiswa kugadzirisa kutora vanhu vakuru nevana vaduku.
Zvimwe zvinokonzera zvinosanganisira uhuzha, kudengenyeka, matambudziko akakomberedzwa, matambudziko nekutambudzika uye kurwadziwa mumimba. Pashoma zvishoma, inogona kukonzera nekuputika kweganda.
Lamotrigine anozivikanwa nezita rokuti Lamictal. Inoshandiswa kugadzirisa kutakura kune vanhu vakuru uye inofungidzirwa seimwe yeanticonvulsants inoshandiswa kuti ive nyore kubata chirwere chekufa kwevana. Inoshandiswawo kuhutano hwebipolar disorder (chirwere chinoratidzwa nezvikamu zvekuora mwoyo uye zvikamu zvemania.)
Zvimwe zvinokonzera zvinosanganisira uhuzha, zviratidzo zviviri, kudengenyeka, kushungurudza, uye kupera. Steven Johnson syndrome inogona kuitika, asi kazhinji
Ethosuximide inozivikanwa nezita reZarontin. Inoshandiswa mukurapa kwemarudzi akasiyana-siyana ekutengesa kunonzi Petit Mal kukunda kana kusagadzikana kutora. Iyi nzira yekubatwa inoratidzirwa nekuvhara kunze kana kutarisa munzvimbo, pane kungofambisa muviri.
Zvimwe zvinokonzera zvinosanganisira kukotsira, misoro yepamusoro, dutu, kusagadzikana, kuderedza kudya kwechido uye kazhinji hachikwanisi kuchenesa ropa tsvuku yesero.
Zonisamide , inozivikanwa nezita rokuti Zonegran, inowanzoshandiswa pamwe chete neimwe anticonvulsant.
Zvimwe zvikanganiso zvinosanganisira kushaya uhu, kusvota, kuvhiringidzika, kuora mwoyo, kushungurudza uye kusava nenzara. Rash, fever, decreased in blood count and kidney stones may occur.
Clobazam inozivikanwa nezita rokuti Onfi. Icho chinonzi sedative uye anticonvulsant uye inogona kushandiswa mukurapa kwehutano hwehutano hwehuduku.
Migumisiro yakaipa inosanganisira kugona, dutu, kusagadzikana, uye kukanganisa.
Clonazepam inozivikanwa nezita rokuti Klonopin. Icho chinhu chinogona kushandiswa pamwe chete neanticonvulsants kubata chirwere, kunyanya kubatwa kwevana.
Zvimwe zvinokonzera zvinosanganisira kukotsira, kuvhiringidzika, kuora mwoyo, uye kuchenesa.
Emergency Anticonvulsants
Mimwe mishonga isingatauri kuti idzivirire kudzivirira inogona kushandiswa panguva inenge yakaoma. Kana iwe waifanira kuenda kuchipatara nekuda kwekukurira zvakanyanya kana kuti kukanganisa kusina kumbomira nyore, zvinoita kuti iwe uone pane yako chati kuti wakapiwa Lorazepam, zita rinonzi Ativan kana Diazepam , zita rinonzi Valium. Iyi mishonga inogona kukurumidza kukonzera kukanganisa kumira, uye migumisiro yechirwere inosanganisira uhuzha, kuneta, kuvhiringidzika uye kutaura kusinganzwisisiki. Iyi mishonga haisati yakurudzirwa kuti ishandiswe nguva dzose kana kuti kubatwa nekudzivirira.
Shoko Rinobva
Anticonvulsants inobatanidza neuroni muuropi kuti inonoke basa, asi vose vane nzira dzakasiyana dzekudzivirira kukanganisa. Kazhinji, hazvina ngozi kunwa doro kana kushandisa madhiragi kana uchida anticonvulsant.
Kana iwe uchinge uchinge uwane chero yemigumisiro yechirwere, iwe unofanirwa kuwana chiremba. Hazvisina ngozi kuchengetedza chero anticonvulsant pakarepo kana iwe pachako. Iwe unofanirwa kutevera mirairo yechiremba wako paunotanga kana kumisa chero anticonvulsant.
Kana iwe uri kutora anticonvulsant uye kana uchironga kuva nepamuviri kana kana iwe uchinge uine pamuviri, unofanira kutendera boka rako rezvechipatara kuziva pakarepo, sezvo vazhinji anticonvulsants vanogona kusanganiswa nekuremara kwekuberekwa.
> Sources:
> Weston J, et al. Monotherapy kurapwa kwekufa kwepamuviri pakuzvitakura: kuberekwa kwechirwere chinokonzera mwana mumwana. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016 Nov 7; 11: CD010224.