Kusiyana kweHIVV Strains Cause Different Symptoms
Ipapillomavirus yemunhu (HPV) yave iri nyaya yakakurumbira mune zvemashoko kubvira pakagamuchirwa FDA yeGadasil, yekutanga yezvirwere zve HPV. Iwe wakangodaro wakanzwa kuti HPV yakakurumbira uye inogona kunge yakanetseka kana iwe unogona kutapukirwa. Panguva imwecheteyo, iwe unganzwa uchinetseka kunzwa kuti hutachiona hunogona kukonzera kenza yemukondombera uye marital genital warts.
Pane zviratidzo kana zviratidzo zvaunofanira kutarisa here? Zvakawanda zvekuvhiringidzika ndezveku kunzwisisa maitiro akasiyana ePSV. Ngatitsanangurirei zvimwe zvekuvhiringidzika nekudzokorora zvatinoziva pamusoro pehutachiona kuitira kuti iwe uve mutsigiri ane simba rekutarisira utano hwako.
The Different Strains of Human Papillomavirus (HPV)
Iko kunofungidzirwa kuti inopfuura makumi mapfumbamwe matanho akasiyana eVVV. Zvinenge makumi matatu zvemavirisi aya anozivikanwa kuti anokanganisa mazita evanhukadzi nevakadzi asi ezvo nenzira dzakasiyana. Haasi matambudziko ose akabatanidzwa nekenza yemukomana. Matambudziko ePVV anokonzera vanhu akamboputswa muzvikamu zviviri zvichienderana nekuti vanoonekwa sekukuvadza kana njodzi shoma.
- Dambudziko Rezasi-Dambudziko: Mitsetse inorondedzerwa se "njodzi shoma" inobatanidzwa nemagetsi edzimba uye chirwere chechibereki chisina kunaka chinowanikwa pane Pap smears. Nzira dzisinganyanyi kunetseka hadzina kukonzera chirwere chemukondombera uye dzinonzi "kwete-oncogenic strains." HPV 6 neHVV 11 vane mamiriro ekudzivirira pasi uye vane basa rekumativi makumi mapfumbamwe emapfumbamwe emagetsi emagetsi. Matambudziko anokonzera zvipembenene zvepabonde uye izvo zvinokonzera chirwere chemukondombera zvakasiyana. Mune mamwe mazwi, kana wakave nemakumbo emudzimai haufaniri kunetseka kuti hutachiona humwe huchaita kuti kenza yemukomana.
- Dambudziko reHigh-Risk: Mitsetse yeHIVV inoratidzirwa se "njodzi yakanyanya" inobatanidza zvose zvinyoro uye zvakakomba zvekervical zvinowanikwa paPap smear uye ndizvo zvinetso zvinogona kutungamirira kumukondombera wechibereki. Mune mamwe mazwi, aya ndiwo "maitiro e-oncogenic" eCVV. Mitsetse yakabatanidzwa nekenza inosanganisira HPV 16 uye 18 (iyo inokonzera 70 muzana yemakondomu emukondombera) pamwe neHIVV 31, 33, 35, 45, 52, 58, uye 59. Nguva zhinji, hutachiwana huripo nguva yakareba uye cervical change inopfuurira kubva kumvere dysplasia kusvika kumudzimai dysplasia uye pakupedzisira kenza. Izvozvo zvakati, chirwere chemukombomu dzimwe nguva chakaitika munguva shomanana mushure mokuwana hutachiona. Zvishoma nezvishoma, zvinetso zvepamusoro zvinogona kukonzera zviratidzo zvepabonde zvepabonde izvo zvinogona kunge zvakanyatsochinja uye zvine kenza mukati mavo. Zvakakosha kucherechedza kuti HPV inogona kutungamirira kwete kumukenza wemuviri wemhondi asi yakatorwa nekenza yepenile , kenza yemuviri , musoro wemukati nemutsipa (zvinokonzera imwe muzviitiko zviviri), uye, zvimwe zvimwe zvirwere zvakadai sekenza yemapapu .
Kuita hutano hwepabonde hwepamusoro kunowedzera mukana wako wekugadzirisa matambudziko epamusoro uye ari pasi pengozi yeHIVV.
Zvakakosha kucherechedza kuti unogona kutapukirwa nehuwandu hwemhando imwe chete yeHIVV, uye zvinokonzera ngozi zvinogadzirisa munhu kuti awane dambudziko rimwe (kana kukura chirwere chepabonde chero chipi zvacho) chinogona kutungamirira kune hutachiona nemamwe matambudziko.
Mashoko akanaka ndeokuti kuvanhu vakawanda, zvose zvakanyanya uye zvisinganyanyi kuvharwa neHIVV zvirwere zvinopera pasina kupindira mune zvechiremba. Hatizivi kuti nei HPV inopfuurira kune vamwe vanhu panzvimbo pevamwe. Tinoziva kuti zvinokonzera njodzi dzakadai sokudzivirirwa kwezvirwere zvemuviri uye kusvuta zvinogona kuita kuti izvi zvive nyore.
Mavhinga eHIVV
Mukucherechedza zviratidzo zveHIVV zvakakosha kuputsa izvi mukati mezviratidzo zvine chokuita nehutachiona hunokonzera marwadzo uye zviratidzo zvepachiviri chechirwere chinokonzera kenza. Kazhinji yenguva munhu haazove nezviratidzo kana ane utachiona hwezvirwere izvi.
Zviratidzo zveHIVV-zvine chokuita nehondo dzepabonde: Matambudziko eHIVV anozivikanwa kukonzera maitiro emakemikari mumagariro evarume nevakadzi anogona kana kuti haazogadziri pakuumbwa kwehondo. Kana vachiita, huri-feri-yakafanana nekukura (zvose zvakakura zvikuru uye zviduku zvikuru) zvinogona kuonekwa mukati uye zvakapoteredza nhengo dzepabonde uye dzakapoteredza.
Kuonekwa kwehondo kunogona kuitika pakarepo, kana kuti pane makore akawanda mushure mokunge mava nehutachiona, naizvozvo kuonekwa kwehondo hakusi nzira yakanaka yekuziva kana iwe une utachiona kana kwete.
Zviratidzo zveHIV-yakabatana nekenza yemukomana wechibereko chepachivha: Kutangatanga, matambudziko anokonzera kenza yeHIVV haawanzobudisa zviratidzo. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, kutevera mirayiridzo yenguva dzose Pap smear inokosha. Pap smears inogona kuwanzo (asi kwete nguva dzose) kuona hutachiona husina kuchena hunoitwa neHIVV kwenguva refu vasati vatanga kurwara. Zviratidzo zvinowanzozivikanwa zvekenza yemukomana zvinosanganisira kubuda ropa kusina kuchena (kubuda ropa pakati pezvikamu, mushure mokurara, kana mushure mokunge apedza kubuda), kurwadziwa kwepachivi, uye kubuda kwemudzimai.
Sezvo kune mamiriro ezvinhu mazhinji anogona kukonzera zviratidzo izvi-zvakawanda zvayo zvinowanzopfuura kenza yemukomana-hakuna nzira isina kumira yekucherechedza zviratidzo. Nguva dzose Pap smears uye kutaura nachiremba wako pamusoro pezviratidzo zvipi zvaunofunga kuti iwe unokosha pakuona kuchinja kare.
Kuongororwa HPV muvakadzi
Kune vakadzi, kuongorora kwepilvic nguva dzose uye Pap smear ndiyo nzira yakanakisisa yekuona hutachiona hweHIV. Penguva yekuongorora kwepilvic, chiremba wako anogona kuongorora zvepabonde rako kuti zviratidzo zvehondo dzepabonde. Kana zvipfeko zvemuviri zvikawanikwa, iye achakurukura nzira dzokurapa dziripo. Kana iwe uine warts yemudzimai, ndapota ramba uchiyeuka kuti kushungurudzwa kweHIVV kunokonzera warts (kunze kwekunyorwa kwepasypical) haisi dambudziko rinogona kutungamirira kumukondombera wechibereki. Kazhinji Pap smear inowanzowanzoona hutachiona hweHIV hunoita kuti huve nehutachiona hwemucheche.
Zvichienderana nezera rako, chirongwa chekare cheHIVV chinogona kuitwawo. Nhasi mirayiridzo inotaura kuti vakadzi vanopfuura makore makumi matatu vanofanirwa kupiwa chirongwa cheHIVV pamwe chete neP Pap smear. Haasi vanachiremba vose vanoita izvi nguva dzose, zvisinei, uye iwe ungada kubvunza kuti muedzo uite. Kune vakadzi vari pasi pemakore makumi matatu, kuongorora kwe HPV kunogona kukurudzirwa kana Pap yako smear isingawanzoitiki. Sezvo nevakadzi vanopfuura makore makumi matatu, zvakakosha kuva vatsigiri vako pachavo uye kukumbira kuedzwa kana iwe unonzwa zvichidiwa. Vanachiremba vanosiyana zvakasiyana mumagariro avo kune ino.
Kuongorora HPV muMarume
Zvinosuruvarisa vanhu, hapana chirwere chekuongorora kuchipatara chinogona kugadzirisa kana iwe une utachiona neHIVV. Chiremba anokwanisa kuongorora mazamu ehutano hwekuvepo kwevarume vepabonde , asi zvakare, warts haisi kukonzerwa nematambudziko akafanana anokonzera kanzira yakadai sekenza yemukomana, kenza yepenile, nezvimwewo. Hazvisi nyore kuti varume vave nezviratidzo zvachose kana vaine utachiona hweHIVV. Ichi ndicho chikonzero chimwe chete, kune avo vari kufambidzana, kuti vachenjerere kunyange kana mumwe munhu angangodaro aine zvirwere zvisina kunaka zvezvirwere zvepabonde. Isu hatina nzira ipi zvayo yekuedza kuvepo kweHIVV kuvanhu panguva ino.
HPV Inorapa uye Mvura Yakaputika
Muna 2018 pane zvipatara zvitatu zvakasiyana zveHIVV zviripo. Izvi zvakasiyana mumatambudziko chaiwo eHIVV ayo anovhara. Vamwe vanhu vane zvavanoda zvechimwe chirwere kune mumwe, asi makambani ehutano yehutano anowanzopa kugoverwa kwechimwe chete kana zviviri zvezvi. Mazuva ano zvirwere zvinosanganisira:
- Gardasil. Gardasil yakagamuchirwa muna 2006 seyokutanga vachengetedzo yeHIVV. Inobatsira kurwisa HPV 6, 11, 16, uye 18. Kubva kusanganiswa kweHIVV 16 ne18 kunokonzera 70 muzana yekenza yekervical, chirwere chinofanira, muchikonzero, chengetedza makumi manomwe kubva muzana emakondombera echibereki. HPV 6 neHVV 11 inokonzera 90 muzana yemariti emaginal, saka chirwere chinofanira kunyanya kudzivirira 90 muzana yehondo dzakadaro.
- Cervarix : Cervarix yakagamuchirwa muna 2009 uye inochengetedza HPV 16 uye HPV 18. Sezvo Gardisil, sezvo HPV 16 ne18 inofungidzirwa kuti inokonzera 70 muzana yekenza yekenza, chirwere chinofanirwa kuchengetedza 70 muzana yematenda aya. Matambudziko eHIVV ane hutano hwehutano hwemakemikari akawanda haawani mune chirongwa ichi, saka zvinogona kupa zvishoma kudzivirirwa pamarwi emagetsi.
- Gardasil 9: Yakagamuchirwa muna 2014, Gardisil 9 inowedzera kugoverwa, uye inoonekwa seyakakunda neHIVV 6, 11, 16, 31, 33, 45, 52, uye 58. Sezvimwe zvirwere, Gardasil 9 inofanira kudzivirira zvinenge makumi manomwe kubva muzana mhondi yekervical asi zvichida inodzivirira pane zvakawanda nekuda kwekudzivirirwa pamakumbo emascogenic 31, 33, 45, 52, uye 58. Inofanirawo kuchengetedza kurwisana nevakawanda vegital genital zvichikonzera matambudziko.
Kurapa kweHIVV
Kurapa kweHIVV kunobva pane zviratidzo uye zvinetso zvehutachiona. Kune huwandu hwehutano husarudzo hwemagetsi emagetsi. Sezvo kune kurapwa kwemakemikari anokonzera kenza yeHIVV, marapirwo chaiwo achabva pane zvisiri izvo zvakawanikwa paPap smear .
Apo zvinyoro zvisiri zvisiri izvo uye zvinofungidzirwa kuva nekuda kweHIVV, Pap smear inogona kungodzokororwa zvakare. Kana pane zvimwe zvinonetsa, colposcopy inokurudzirwa. Munguva ye colposcopy, chirwere chechibereki chinogona kuitwa kuitira kutarisa masero ekufunganya. Mamwe maitiro, akadai sekoni inonzi biopsy inogona kufungidzirwa kana zvimwe zvakashata zviripo. Kana makero anouraya anowanikwa, maitiro ekurapwa anobva kubva pane dzimwe nzira dzokurapa kuti uite hysterectomy.
Kunyange zvazvo mishonga inopesana nemishonga inowanikwa kune dzimwe hutachiona hwehutachiona hwakadai sehosha, chickenpox, neHIV, hatina mishonga inopesana nemishonga iyo inowanzoshandiswa kurapa HPV. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, chinangwa chekurapa ndechekucherechedza vanhu nekuda kwehutachiona hwehutachiona hwakaipa, kenza yemukomana, uye marital warts, uye kuvabata kana zvichifanira kuitika.
Pasi Pasi Pamusoro Petsvina Nezviratidzo zveHIVV
Kune zvakawanda zvakasiyana-siyana zve HPV uye izvi ndizvo zvinokonzera kuvhiringidzika. Vhidhiyo inotaurira vanhu kuti anenge anenge wese ane utachiona, asi kwete yose, kana kunyange yakawanda, zvirwere zvinokonzera zviratidzo zvekurapa. Zvimwe zvinetso zvinogona kutungamirira kumagetsi emagetsi, izvo kune zvakawanda zvinorapwa zvinowanikwa. Chekunyanya kunetseka ndechokuti mamwe maronda anogona kutungamirira kumuchirwere wemukondombera. Kuwana Pap smear nguva dzose ndicho chinhu chinoita kuti kudzivirira sezvo zvirwere zve HPV zvinotungamirira kukenza kazhinji hazvikonzeri zviratidzo zvinogona kutungamirira pakuonekwa kwenguva pfupi. Pane kudaro, Pap smears uye kuongororwa kweHVV kunogona kutungamirira vanhu kuti vawedzere nzira dzakadai secolcopcopy kuti ijekese dambudziko. Parizvino, hatina mishonga yakagadzirirwa kubvisa muviri weHIVV, kunyange tine majekiseni anowanikwa anogona kudzivirira zvirwere zvizhinji izvi, uye saka, matambudziko anokonzera.
> Sources:
> Centres for Disease Control and Prevention. Human Papillomavirus (HPV). Genital HPV Information-Fact Sheet. Updated 11/16/17. https://www.cdc.gov/std/hpv/stdfact-hpv.htm
> McNamara, M., Batur, P., Walsh, J., naK. Johnson. HPV Update: Vaccination, Screening, uye Associated Disease. Zvinyorwa zveGeneral Internal Medicine . 2016. 31 (11): 1360-1366.