Kunyunyuta Mishonga Inogona Kuvandudza Nhamo Dzakawanda Dzepfungwa
Ambien (inotengeswa se-generic zolpidem) inowanzonyatsorongerwa kurapwa kwekusuruvara, asi inogona kubatsira here zvimwe zvinetso zvepurovhesi zvakadai seCoa, zvinoramba zvichiramba mbeu, dystonia, chirwere chePasinson, chirwere, kuora mwoyo, uye kukuvadzwa kwepfungwa dzepfungwa? Nyaya dzemhosva uye zvidzidzo zvishomanana zvinoratidza kubvira kwebatsiro, uye kubvunzurudza kunokurudzira kutsvakurudza mberi mune basa remishonga mune unorthodox therapy.
Ambien Anoshandisa Sei Ubongo?
Zolpidem (inotengeswa seAmbien, Ambien CR, uye Intermezzo) ndiyo mishonga inoshandiswa mishonga inogamuchirwa inogamuchirwa neKudya uye Drug Administration yekurapa kwehope . Iyo inosarudza uye inoshandiswa pamhando yerudzi rwem gamma-aminobutyric acid A (GABA A) benzodiazepine receptor. Izvi zvingabatsira kuderedza basa remamwe mativi europi, nokuzvininipisa nokusimudzira kurara nekudzivisa pfungwa. Inogona kukurudzira kuwedzera mukurara kwe REM kuburikidza nekuderedza basa re dopamine, iyo inogona kuwedzerawo maitiro eprolactin .
Ambien inoshanda nokukurumidza, inosvika pakukwirira muropa mushure memaawa matanhatu ekushandisa. Icho hachina metabolites inoshanda. Mumaawa masere matatu (pamwe nemadimiro emurairo kubva pa5 kusvika ku4 maawa), ropa remaAmbi rinoderedzwa nehafu. Kugadziriswa-kusunungurwa kusunungurwa (kutengeswa seAmbien CR) kune hafu yeupenyu hwe 1.5 kusvika ku4 maawa.
Zolpidem yakanyanyisa mumuguta nemafuta.
Kunyange zvazvo yakanyanya kunyanya kurongedzwa kubatsirwa, Ambien inogona kunge ine zvishoma zvishoma pamusoro pehutano hwekurara. Apo 10 mg inotorwa, inogona kuderedza nguva inotora kurara nemaminetsi mashanu kusvika ku12, paavhareji. Inogona kuderedza mavhareji yenguva yakashandiswa kumuka usiku humwe nemaminitsi makumi maviri nemashanu.
Izvozvo zvinogona sei kukanganisa zvimwe zvinetso zvinokanganisa uropi?
Basa reAmbien Mukurapa Matambudziko Okushaya Neurological
Vatsvakurudzi vanobva kuYunivhesiti yeMichigan vakapfupikisa muviri wezvesayenzi mabhuku ekuti chirpidem ingakanganisa sei mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu anonyanya kukanganisa uropi, kusanganisira coma, dystonia, stroke, uye dementia. Zvimwe zvezvavakawana zvinogona kukurudzira kune avo vari kurwisana nekukuvara kwakanyanya nekukuvadza kuuropi.
Martin Bomalaski, MD, uye avo vaaishanda navo vakaongorora 2314 nenyaya dzakabudiswa kuburikidza neMarch 20, 2015. Mushure mokuongorora zvinyorwa, zvinyorwa zvakakwana zvakaongororwa pamashoko 67. Mamwe emishumo iyi yaisanganisira miedzo shomanana uye mishumo yenyaya, inomiririra hutsika hwehutachiona hunoratidza uchapupu. Zvechokwadi, 11 chete yezvidzidzo dzaive nevanopfuura 10 vatori vechikamu. Pakanga paine mamiriyoni 9 anorongedzwa akaongororwa, aifungidzirwa kuti ndiyo yegoridhe yekuongorora kwechipatara. Izvi zvinogona kukonzera kududzirwa kwemigumisiro uye kushandiswa kwevanhu vakawanda.
Paiva nemapoka makuru ematambudziko ayo ambpidem akaedzwa:
- Kutambuka kwemukoko (31 zvidzidzo) - dystonia uye Parkinson's disease
- Kushungurudzika kwekuziva (zvidzidzo makumi maviri nezviviri) - coma uye inoramba ichinaya mbeu
- Zvimwe zvinetso zvepfungwa (zvidzidzo 14) - kurohwa , kuora mwoyo kwehuropi, kukuvadza, nekudementia
Vatsvakurudzi vakaongorora zvinyorwa zvemhando dzehutano dzakarapwa, kuenzanisa kwezvinangwa zvakashandiswa, kuwandisa kwezvering, kuonekwa kwemigumisiro, uye nemigumisiro yakaipa yakataurwa.
Ndezvipi Zvinovandudza Zvakanga Zvisingatauriki Nekurapwa Kwemazana?
Paiva nezviratidzo zvakasiyana-siyana zvakaongororwa, zvichibva pakunetsa kutaura (apsiasia), kusava nekushushikana (kusava nehanya), uye zvinetso zvekufambidzana zvinosangana nekushaikwa kwekufambisa motokari. Mhinduro dzaive dzakanzwisiswa kuenzaniswa nematanho akasiyana-siyana akavhenekerwa anoshandiswa kuisa coma, Parkinson's disease, dystonia, nezvimwe zvinetso.
Pakati pese, zolpidem yakapa zororo rinopera: kunyanya kuvandudzwa, kana kuonekwa, kwakagara kwemaawa mana chete. Kuvandudzika uku kwakadzokorora, kunoda kudzokorora kazhinji pamusana pehafu yenguva yehupenyu hwechirwere. Kuvandudzwa kwakaratidzwa mumagetsi, mabhuku, uye mazwi. Vamwe vashandisi kana vashandi vanogadzirwa vakagadziriswa kuti vasvike pane zvavanoziva, vashomanana vakaedza kunyange kutaura.
Paivawo nedzidzo dzakaratidza kuvandudzwa kwehutano hwehutano hwehutano, hunoratidza kuchinja kwakajeka mumakemikari emakemikari nekubatana. Izvo zvinokanganisa zvinogona kunge zviripo kune varwere vane chirwere chinokonzera kukuvara, chikamu cheuropi chinobatsira kuronga ruzivo kuti urongedze chitendero chaidikanwa kana kupindura motokari.
Iyo migumisiro yechirwere yakanga yakafanana inogona kutarisirwa: zolpidem iri kutengesa. Izvi zvinogona kukonzera kurara uye zvakataurwa muna 13 muvashanu vese 551 vakaidza. Sezvo zviratidzo izvi zvichifanirwa kuvandudzwa munguva yekumuka, izvi zvingave zvipingamupinyi chikuru zvekushandisa mishonga. Sezvo kuwedzerwa kunokonzera kugadzirisa kugadzirisa, zvinogonawo kufungidzirwa kuti panogona kuva nemigumisiro pfupi yekuyeuka kwenguva . Sezvo vanhu vakashandisa mushonga uyu vangave vasina kukanganisa zvakanyanya pamusana pekutanga, kukoshesa zvizere kwemigumisiro kunogona kukanganisa.
Zvinosuruvarisa, zolpidem haibatsire munhu wose. Mukati, chete 5 kusvika ku7 muzana yevarwere vane zvirwere zvinokanganisa kuziva vakagamuchira kumushonga. Izvi zvinoreva kuti kusvika kusvika kuzana 95 muzana yevanhu vakashandisa iyo havana kuve nekuvandudza kwakanaka mumatunhu avo ekuziva. Pakati pezvidzidzo izvi nekutambudzika kwekufamba, mhinduro yepamusoro yakange yakakwirira, kusvika kusvika 24 muzana.
Vakawanda havana kupindura mishonga, asi vane zvishomanana zvekurapa, zolpidem zvingave zvichiri nzira inofadza kumhuri dzinotarisira chero mukana wekuvandudza.
Shoko Rinobva
Kunyange zvazvo nyaya idzi dzinorondedzera uye zvirwere zvemakiriniki zvingaratidzika zvichikurudzira, zvakanakisisa kuti mhuri neshamwari dzevaya vane hutachiona hwehutano hwekushaya tsananguro kuti vatsanangurire mitsara iyi nehana yakawanda yekurumbidza. Zvinonyanya kuitika kuti zolpidem haibatsiri huwandu hwevarwere vanotambura nematambudziko aya ekudzivirira zvikuru. Kunyange zvakadaro, pangava nechikonzero chetariro: kutsvakurudza mberi kunobvumirwa.
Haisi kunyatsonzwisisa zvakajeka kuti zolpidem inogona kuvandudza mamiriro ezvinhu akasiyana-siyana. Icho chinogona kunge chinokonzera kuenzanisa kwevana neurotransmitter nekubatana pakati pezvikamu zvakasiyana zveuropi. Mukuenzanisira, kana uropi huri mumamiriro ekusavhiringidza nekuda kwekusaenzana kwemasimba anopikisa, zvingabatsira kukonzera kurwisana nenzira yakanaka. Aya maitiro anofanira kujekeswa. Zvikuru zvekuongorora mishonga dzemakiriniki zvingatibatsira kunzwisisa kuti ndiani ane hutachiona hwehutano hwakakomba huchabatsirwa nekushandiswa kwezvipidem-uye nei.
> Sources:
> Bomalaski, MN et al . "Zolpidem for the Treatment of Neurologic Disorders: Ongororo Yakarongeka." JAMA Neurol . Yakabudiswa paIndaneti June 26, 2017. ini: 10.1001 / jamaneurol.2017.1133.
> Kilduff, TS and Mendelson, WB. "Hypnotic Mishonga: Nzira dzeAkuita neAppmacologic Effects," mumitemo uye maitiro ekurapa mishonga . Yakarongedzwa naKryger MH, Roth T, Dement WC. St. Louis, Missouri, Elsevier Saunders, 2017, p. 429.
> Miyazaki, Y et al. "Efficacy of zolpidem ye dystonia: chidzidzo pakati pezvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana." Front Neurol . 2012 Apr 17; 3: 58.
> Sateia, MJ et al . " Clinical Practice Guideline ye Pharmacologic Treatment of Chronic Insomnia muVanhu Vakuru: An American Academy of Sleep Medicine Clinical Practice Guideline ." Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine . 2017; 13 (2) 307-349.
> Sutton, JA naClauss, RP. "Kuongororwa kwehumwe uchapupu hweiropidem kubudirira muhutano hwehutano mushure mehutano hwehuropi pamusana pekurohwa, kushungurudzika uye hypoxia: Kururamiswa kwekuwedzera mamwe majekiseni emakiriniki." Ubongo Inj . 2017; 31 (8): 1019-1027.