Chirwere Chechitatu Nezvirwere Zvechina
Kunyange zvazvo zvipembenene zvinowanzoonekwa muhutano hwevana uye zvinogona kugadziriswa chete paganda, zvimwe zvinokonzerwa nehutachiona hunoonekwa mumuviri wose. Zvakawanda zveava mavharesi uye mabhakitiriya zvinogona kuita kuti vana vaone ruzivo rwechiratidzo chemaermatologic dzinobatsira kuongororwa uye kurapwa.
Mukutanga kwezana remakore rechi19, vanachiremba vakanzwisisa izvi uye muna 1905, Dr. Cheinisse muFrance akaronga zvirwere zvitanhatu zvichienderana nekuonekwa kwechipatara uye akazvibatanidza nehuwandu hwehutano hwezvirwere zvezvirwere.
Vanachiremba mazuva ano vachiri kushandisa dzimwe nguva shanduro yake paanenge achienzanisa izvi zviputi uye kurapa varwere. Nyaya ino inokurukura nezve "Zvirwere Zvitatu" ne "Fourth Disease."
Rubella Virus: "Zvirwere Chechitatu" kana kuti Mishonga yeGermany
Kufanana nemasero, rubella inokonzerwa neRNA-based virus inopararira kuburikidza nemadonhwe emhepo kana kutaurirana zvakananga. Munguva yakapfuura, vamwe vari munharaunda yezvokurapa iyo inonzi rubella "chiyero cheGermany," asi shoko iri harisati rashandiswa zvikuru muUnited States.
Rubella inowanzova munyoro kune vanhu vakuru uye vana vakwegura vane kusvika hafu yevanhu vose vane utachiona vasingaratidzi zviratidzo. Rubella inogona kunge iri hutachiwana hwehutachiona hwevana vasati vaberekwa, zvisinei, nevanoda kusvika 90% kubva kune amai kusvika kumwana. Pamusana pekuvhara pasi pasi rose kwevanaamai, 110 000 vacheche vanoberekwa nehutachiona hwehutachiona gore negore. Vana vakawanda vanotambura nekuremara kwekuberekwa kwakakomba, kusanzwa pakati pavo, uye pangozi yekuzvarwa.
Kuonekwa
Iyo rubella rushanga inotanga pachiso uye nokukurumidza inosanganisira chifuva, kumashure, nemakumbo. Inotanga mavhiki maviri kusvika matatu mushure mekutsvaira uye inopera mukati memazuva mashoma. Rush, semasero , rine ruvara rwemavara matsvuku, rinowanzogara rakadzika, iro rinowanzobatanidza kubvisa chimiro chekushanduka chikafu.
Kuziva
Vanachiremba vanoongorora rubella muvana uye varwere vakura vane nhoroondo uye kuongorora muviri. Rubella, kusiyana nemasero, zvinokonzera kuvhara kwemaitiro emakumbo shure kwehuro uye nzeve kuwedzera kune lymph node kurira pamberi pehuro. Rubella rash inonyanya kukosha kuti iongororwe, uyewo nhoroondo yekutsvaga. Vana vanogona kuva nefivha yepamusoro-fevha, uye vamwe vanosangana neususa uye kubwinya kweziso. Vakadzi vane pamuviri vanowana kuongororwa ropa kweropa raRibella sehutachiona apo pamuviri unogona kuora uye kuisa upenyu kune mwana asati aberekwa. Dzimwe nguva varwere vanowana maitiro ekuenzanisa kwehutachiona pachavo mumatambudziko asina kufanana.
Kurapa
Kurapa kwe rubella zvirwere muvanhu vakuru, vana, uye vacheche inotsigira kutarisira, kunyanya mvura, uye kuzorora. Kune avo vane utachiona, kusanganisira vana vatsva, kukanganisa kusangana nevasina maune immune kunorayirwa kwevhiki imwe chete. Kurapa kwakanakisisa, zvisinei, ndiko kudzivirira. Rubella vacheche inowanikwa mumasero ekubatanidza , mawere, uye rubella vaccine . Chimwe chirwere chinopa 95% yevarwere hutachiona hwehutachiona hwehutachiona.
Prognosis
Vakuru nevasina vana vacheche vane rubella vanowanzova nechirwere chinyoro uye vanowanzopora mushure memavhiki mushure mekunge kupera kuripo.
Vana vasina kuberekwa mukutangira kwavo kwekutanga kwekuwedzera kune mungozi yakakura, zvisinei, uye vanogona kutambura kubva ku congenital rubella syndrome, inosanganisira kunzwa kutadza-kusanzwa mune dzakawanda-kukanganisa kwemwoyo, uye matambudziko ehutano. Pamberi pemushonga wacho wakagadzirwa muma1960, inenge 0.5% yevana vakaberekerwa munyika yose vaiva nehuwandu hwekuberekwa rubella syndrome. Izvi kuberekwa kusakwana zvinowanzosakanganiswa.
Staphylococcal Scalded Disease Skin kana "Fourth Disease"
Kazhinji mabhuku ezvokurapa mazuva ano haatauri chirwere chaDuke kana zvimwe zvinyorwa zveChirwere Chechina. Icho chiitiko chinokurudzirwa mune zvechiremba trivia uye chakanyanya kuve chichinyorwa, asi chinosanganiswa pano kuti chiitwe.
Iyo inogona kureva staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome , iyo inokonzerwa neba stterhylococcal bacteria chirwere uye kusunungurwa kwekisi muropa revanhu.
Kuonekwa
Iro rinowanzoonekwa mucheche uye rinotanga nechitarisiko chekundu kumativi ose mumuromo unozofukidza zvakawanda zvemuviri mukati memazuva maviri uye inogona kunge iri nyoro. Kushandisa kudzvinyirira kuduku kune rumwe rutivi kune rumwe rutivi kune rumwe rutivi rwechivara rweganda zvinokonzera kushanduka kweganda reganda, epidermis kubva padermis, inozivikanwa navanachiremba sechiratidzo chakanaka cha Nikolsky. Kazhinji zvipembenene zvinoputika zvinoputika. Izvo zvinoputika zvinoputika uye zvino zvinotungamirira pakuona. Mumazuva 7-10, ganda rinovandudza uye rinoporesa pasina kupera kwenguva refu. Secondary bacterial infections yezvipembenene zvinogona kukonzera kupera. Izvozvi hazvina kumbovapo pane mucous membrane.
Kuziva
Vanachiremba vanorwara hutano hunoona kuti staphylococcal zvirwere zveganda, kazhinji zvine mbiri uye kuongorora muviri. Kana zvichidikanwa, tsika dzeropa uye ruzivo rweganda rwemagariro anokonzerwa zvinogona kusimbisa kuongororwa.
Kurapa
Vanachiremba vanorwara vanoda rubatsiro rwekuchengetedza uye kupera kwechirwere chekutanga. Mitezo inotsigira inosanganisira kuremesa uye kupikisa remishonga inosanganisira feti acetaminophen (Tylenol) . Mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya nemishonga inopinza inosanganisira nafcillin, oxacillin, kana vancomycin. Clindamycin inoshandiswawo dzimwe nguva nekuda kwekudzivirira kwayo staphylococcal toxins, mutungamiriri mukuru we scalded skin syndrome.
Prognosis
Vana vanorarama zvakanaka nekuchengetedza uye mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya. Vana vazhinji vachave vakanyatsonaka mumazuva gumi.
> Sources:
> "Pamusoro peRubella." Zvivako zveMishonga Kudzora nekudzivirira. 2014.
> Belazarian et al. "Exanthematous Viral Diseases." Fitzpatrick's Dermatology in General Medicine; 2012: 2337-2366.
> Cheinisse L: Une cinquie`me maladie eruptive: Ichi chinokonzera chirwere: Le megalerytheme epidemique. Sem Med 1905; 25: 205-207.
> "Rubella." World Health Organization. 2015.