Potassium imwe yemakemikari anozivikanwa zvikuru mumitumbi yedu, yakawanda iri mukati memasero edu. Hyperkalemia ndiro izwi repamusoro ye potassium muropa rako. Chimwe chinokonzera potasium yevanhu vakuru chinotaridzirwa 3.6 kusvika ku5.2 mEq / L. Kana uwandu hwako huka kupfuura 6 mEq / L, iwe unoda kurapwa pakarepo nokuti mazinga akakwirira anogona kuva nengozi kana achikwirira.
Hyperkalemia kazhinji inokonzerwa nechirwere chepfungwa, asi inogona kukonzerwa nedzimwe zvirwere nezvimwe zvakadai sehutano hwepfungwa, chirwere cheshuga, kenza, nemimwe mishonga.
Kunzwisisa Electrolytes
Kuti unzwisise zviri nani nei potassium maitiro akakosha uye chii chingaita kuti vawedzere kana kuderera, zvinobatsira kuziva kuti electrolytes inoshanda sei mumuviri. Vanhu vazhinji vanozivikanwa ne electrolytes kubva kuGatorade kana Pedialyte zvekutengeserana zvinoderedza kufemwazve shure kwekuita zvekuita (kana kurutsa uye kubuda mukati mumamiriro ePedialyte) kuenzanisa mazinga e electrolyte. Kunyange zvazvo ruzivo rwakatengeswa mune zvekutengeserana nderechokwadi, haritototanga kurondedzera kuoma kwe electrolytes uye kuti zvakakosha sei kune muviri wako.
Mune mazwi akareruka, electrolytes ndiwo makemikari akawandisa ayo apo akaparadzirwa mumvura akaparadzaniswa nemagetsi anokwidza ions. Kune marudzi akawanda e electrolytes, asi sodium, potasium, chloride, bicarbonate, calcium, sulfate, magnesium, uye phosphate inonzi inonyanya kukosha mumuviri womunhu.
Mitumbi yedu inobva pane potasium kuti iite simba rezvemuropa, izwi revascular, iro rinowanzoshanda re insulin uye mamwe mahomoni akasiyana-siyana, maitiro emimba, chimiro cheputi, uye mafiritsi uye electrolyte.
Nokushandisa mahomoni, nzira dzakasiyana-siyana, uye vatakuri vemitengerwo, itsvo dzinofanirwa kutarisa kuongororwa uye simba re electrolytes nemvura mumuviri.
Muenzaniso wekutanga wekuti mafungiro anotonga sei mvura uye electrolytes ndeyekuzora. Kana muviri wako uine mvura yakawandisa, urine yako inowedzera. Kana muviri wako ukasviba, urinho yako inoderera. Chero huwandu hwe electrolytes hunodzingwa kubva mumuviri wako kuburikidza nomuguta, sweat, uye chirwere chekudya. Itsvo dzine chikamu chakasimba chezvinhu zvinoonekwa sepasi kana kuti yakakwirira yemvura kana electrolytes mumuviri. Kana mazinga achiwedzera kana kuderera, itsvo dzinotanga kupindura pakarepo. Kunzwa nenyota ndiyo muenzaniso wekutanga wekuti miviri yedu inopindura sei kuderera kwemvura.
High potassium ropa inogona kukanganisa nzira dzeimwe nhengo dzomuviri dzinoshanda uye dzinogona kuuraya kana dzisina kutorwa. Nemhaka yokuti hyperkalemia inogona kuva yakaipisisa kwazvo, yakasimudza potasium mazinga inofanira kutorwa zvakanyanyisa, kunyange kana isati ichibereka zviratidzo.
Zviratidzo
Potassium ine basa rinokosha mumoyo uye neuromuscular function, saka kana mazinga ari akakwirira, mwoyo, mitsipa, uye mitsipa zvinowanzobatwa. Nekukwirira kwe potassium, iwe unogona kunge usina zviratidzo, asi sezvo mazinga achiwedzera, zviratidzo zvako zvinogona kusanganisira:
- Utsi husina simba kana kuti zvishoma
- Kuneta
- Kushoma kwemhepo uye hyperventilation
- Nausea uye kurutsa
- Paralysis
- Kutinzwa kunonzwa
- Heart arrhythmias (zvisina kufanana mwoyo maitiro), iyo ndeimwe yezvinetso zvakakomba zvikuru
- Kusanganiswa
- Kurwisana, kuora, uye kufa apo mazinga ari akakwirira chaizvo
Zvinokonzera
Pane zvinhu zvakawanda zvinogona kuwedzera pakuwedzera potaasium , asi zvinowanzosangana nezvinetso zvepfungwa zvakadai sekurwadziwa kweputsvo kana chirwere chisingaperi chepfungwa. Zvimwe zvinowanzoitika zvinokonzera zvinosanganisira:
- Chirwere cheAdisonison
- Mimwe mishonga inonzi angiotensin II receptor blockers, angiotensin-kuchinja enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, maitiro asingashandisi-kupisa zvinodhaka (NSAIDs), uye beta blockers
- Kunyorera potassium yakawandisa, zvakadai sekudya, potassium kuwedzera, kana kunzvimbo yemunyu
- Kuderedza mvura
- Tora 1 chirwere cheshuga
- Masero matsvuku eropa ari kuparadzwa nekuda kwekutsva kana zvimwe kukuvara kwakakomba
- Tumor lysis syndrome
- Kuwedzerwa ropa
Kuziva
Zvakakosha kuve nechokwadi kuti une hyperkalemia yechokwadi. Hyperkalemia inowanikwa kuburikidza nekuongororwa kweropa iyo inotarisa maitiro epiyo ne potassium mazinga, urini kuongororwa, uye / kana mutsara wemoyo. Pakati pezvinhu izvi zvose, chiremba wako achakwanisa kukuongorora iwe ne hyperkalemia zvakanaka nokukurumidza kana iwe unayo zvechokwadi.
Dzimwe nguva kuongorora kweropa kunogona kuratidza kuti une nzvimbo yakakwirira ye potassium paunenge usingaiti, chiitiko chinonzi pseudohyperkalemia. Izvi zvinogona kuitika kana masero matsvuku ari muuropa rekubuda ropa, achibudisa potasium muzamu. Izvo zvinogonawo kuitika kana chirwere chakasimba kwazvo chinoshandiswa kwemaminitsi anoverengeka panguva yeropa kuteka paunenge uchitsvaga mutsara, kunyanya kana iwe ukazarura uye ukavhara chibhakera chako kakawanda kuti uwedzere maronda ako.
Pseudohyperkalemia inogonawo kuitika kana iwe uine chikamu chepamusoro chechiropa kana platelet count. Kana pombiyumu yakakwirira inowanikwa kana usina chikonzero chakajeka che hyperkalemia, uye kana usina zviratidzo kana zviratidzo zve hyperkalemia, kuongorora ropa kunoda kudzokororwa. Ne pseudohyperkalemia, iyo serumum potassium yepamusoro yakakwirira zvikuru kupfuura plasma potassium level. Nemhaka yeizvi, vamwe vanachiremba vanosarudza kuongorora ropa kunoshandiswa kushandisa plasma kuve nechokwadi kuti hauna pseudohyperkalemia.
Kurapa
Nguva yakawanda iyo hyperkalemia ine unyoro uye inogona kurapwa nekungorambidza potasium mune zvekudya uye nekurapa chikonzero chinokonzera. Kana zvakanyanya kuoma, nzira dzokurapa dzinogona kusanganisira:
- Diuretics (mapiritsi emvura)
- Intravenous glucose uye insulin
- IV calcium
- Potassium inodya mishonga
- Dialysis
- Zviratidzo zvepabonde zvinokonzerwa nemakumbo zvakadai sePatiromer, iyo inosunga potasiyumu mumugwagwa wezvokudya uchichinjana nekasikium
Kudya
Kudya kudya kwakanaka kunogadzirisa potassium yako kudya kunokosha kana iwe une chirwere chepfungwa kana mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu anokuisa pangozi yakakura yekukura hyperkalemia. Izvi zvinosanganisira kuderedza kana kudzivisa kudya zvakakosha mu potassium kusanganisira mishonga yakawanda yemishonga, miriwo, michero, mahairi akaomeswa, uye nuts.
Shoko Rinobva
Hyperkalemia inogona kuva nengozi, asi inogona kubudirira kuchinja. Apo pasi pasiziyamu inowanika, zvakakosha kuti chiremba wako akurumidze kuongorora yako pfupi yepamusoro yehutano uye shandisa kuti ropa rako re potassium ridzokere kune rakanaka. Zvinonyanya kukosha kuwana chikonzero chinokonzerwa ne hyperkalemia kuitira kuti inogona kurapwa, kana zvichidiwa, uye kuitira kuti matanho atorekwe kudzivirira hyperkalemia kuti irege kuitika zvakare.
> Sources:
> Mayo Clinic Staff. High Potassium (Hyperkalemia). Mayo Clinic. Yakapedzwa naJanuary 11, 2018.
> Meng QH, Wagar EA. Pseudohyperkalemia: A New Twist pane imwe Phenomenon yekare. Kuongorora Kunokosha muKliniki Laboratory Science . 2015; 52 (2): 45-55. doi: 10.3109 / 10408363.2014.966898.
> Gomo DB. Kuchivirira uye Kudzivirira kweHyperkalemia muVakuru. Kusvika pari zvino. Yakapedzwa musi waDecember 18, 2017.
> Wilson FP, Berns JS. Tumor Lysis Syndrome: Matambudziko Matsva uye Kufambira Mberi. Kufambira Mberi Mukusingaperi Kwepembudzi Disease . 2014; 21 (1): 18-26. doi: 10.1053 / j.ackd.2013.07.001.