Kazhinji kuvhiyiwa, pasinei nezita racho, ndiko kunyanya kuongororwa. General chirwere chekuvhiya haisi kungovhiya kwezvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana, asiwo inotarisirwa nekuchengetedza varwere vasati vasvika, panguva, uye mushure mekuvhiyiwa. Vose vanovhiya vanofanira kutanga maitiro avo ekuvhiya kwevakawanda; vazhinji vanobva vaenderera mberi kuisa pfungwa pane imwe yeruzivo.
Chii Chinosanganiswa MuKushandiswa Kwose Kuvhiya?
Maererano neAmerican Board of Surgery, vanachiremba vanovhiya vanodzidziswa kushanda pa:
- Alimentary Tract (esophagus uye nhengo dzakabatana)
- Mimba uye Zviri mukati
- Chifupa, Ganda uye Zvisikwa Zvishoma
- Endocrine System
Mukuwedzera, vanachiremba vakawanda vanotarisirwa kuva nezivo uye ruzivo mu:
- Kunyatsotarisirwa Kuchengetedza
- Kuvhiya Oncology
- Trauma
Pasinei nezwi rokuti "mukuru", vanachiremba vanovhiya vanowanzogadzirira vanachiremba vanoita zvepabonde zvinowanzobatwa pamakondomu anowanzovhiringidza kusanganisira appendicitis, hernias , gallbladder chirurgical , stomach and intestinal issues. Izvi zvinotarisa pamuviri hazvisi zvachose, sezvo vashandi vezvechiremba vanogona kunyanya kugadzirwa mune chirongwa chekuvhiyiwa, zvakadai sokurapa kenza kana kupisa, izvo zvinoda kuti chiremba anokwanisa kuita mitemo panzvimbo dzakawanda dzomuviri.
Nei Machiremba Asarudza Kuenda KuGavheni Ongororo?
Kwenyanzvi dzakavhiya dzinogona kuwanikwa dzichiita mabasa akawanda ekuvhiya, uye ruzivo rwakawanda-ruzivo rwezvedzidzo yavo inoita kuti zvive nyore kuti vanachiremba vakawanda varambe vachiita mitemo yakawanda mukuita kwemabasa avo.
Vamwe vanogona kusarudza kuenda kune rimwe ruzivo, asi vamwe vanonakidzwa nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzinoumba zuva rechokwadi chechiremba mukuru uye vanoita shanduro yakawanda yekuita.
General chirwere chezvechiremba vanewo kushanduka kwekushanda mune zvakasiyana-siyana, uye nemhando dzakasiyana dzemakirini emakirini nevarwere. Maererano neAmerican Board of Surgery:
Chiremba wezvechiremba anozivikanwa zvakare anotarisirwa kuti ave neruzivo uye unyanzvi hwezvirwere zvinoda kutarisirwa kwemauto-based, zvisanganisira kushandiswa kwehutungamiri hunoenderana. Vanachiremba vepachiremba vakawanda vanowedzerwa vanofanira kunge vane ruzivo rwezvimwe zvidikanwi zvemakiriniki anotevera mapoka emagariro anotevera:
- Varwere vane chirwere chekupedzisira, kusanganisira kufungisisa nekupedza kurwadziwa; kushaya nzara; cachexia kune varwere vane zvakaipa uye zvisingaperi; uye kupa mazano uye kutsigira kwekusarudza kwekupedzisira-hupenyu nekutarisira.
- Vanorwara zvakanyanya, varwere vanosanganisa zvinodhaka; chirongwa chokuvhiya uye chisina kupirisa chekureruka kwemazivo (bariatrics); uye kupa mazano kune vane mwoyo murefu nemhuri.
- Vanachiremba vanovhiya, kusanganisira kutarisira zvirwere zvisingagumi.
- Vanhu vane tsika dzakasiyana-siyana uye vanotambura.
Kudzidziswa sachiremba
Vadzidzi veUrapa vanoda kuve vanachiremba vanovhiya vanotanga kushandisa purogiramu yokugara yokuvhiya. Kuvhiya kunotanga negore rokutanga, iro rinonzi gore rekudzidzira, rinoteverwa nemakore mana emakore ekurovedza.
Panguva yekurovedza kwavo, vanachiremba vakuru vanofanirwa kupedzisa Mavhiki 48 ekugadzirisa kwenguva yakazara mabasa ekurapa. Vanogona kupedzisa mamwe mazano mune rimwe ruzivo, asi hapana mwedzi inopfuura 12 inogona kushandiswa yakananga kune imwe yega yekugadzira humwe humwe kunze kwekuvhiyiwa kukuru.
Chero ani zvake anovhiya anoshanda muchiremba anovhiyiwa, zvakadai sokuvhiyiwa kwechirdiotracic, anotanga kudzidzira kwavo nemakore mashanu ekurovedzwa kukuru kwekuvhiyiwa akateverwa nemamwe makore ekuwedzera kudzidziswa.
> Sources:
> American Board of Surgery. Kudzidzira uye chiyeuchidzo. Webhu. 2017.
> American College of Physicians. General chirurgic. Webhu. 2017.