Kuenzanisa Kubatsira uye Njodzi dzeUrapa
Anticholinergics inzvimbo yakazara yemishonga inoshandiswa kurapa zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana zvehutano zvinokonzera kukanganisa nekuzorodzwa kwemisungo.
Zvinosanganisira mishonga inoshandiswa kubata chirwere chisina simba, chirwere chePalinson , chirwere chekurutsa, kurutsira, chirwere, chirwere chisingaperi chinoparadza zvirwere (COPD) , masimba emasumbu, anotsamwisa bowel syndrome (IBS) , uye mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu anosanganisira kushanduka kwemisimba kufamba.
Mishonga Inoshandiswa Nezvinodhaka
Acetylcholine chinhu chinobudiswa nemuviri unoshanda seurourotransmitter. Inoshanda pamasero emagetsi ekutumira mashoko emakemikari kuuropi. Nokuita kudaro, acetylcholine inogona kutonga mamwe maitiro ezvisikwa kana kuti nekukurumidza kuvadzikisa kana kuvaderedza.
Izvi zvinosanganisira maronda emakumbo anokonzerwa nekufamba uye kusvibiswa kwemisumbu inowanikwa mumoyo, mudumbu, mumatumbo, urinary tract, nemapapu. Masero anobatanidzwa muchipikiso chemasamu aya ane nerve receptors. Avo vanogamuchira acetylcholine vanoonekwa secholinergic.
Paunotarisana neusingawanzoremu musimba, kune madhiragi anokwanisa kudzivisa acetylcholine nekusunga kune zvinokonzera cholinergic. Pasina nzira yekuendesa mishonga yemakemikari, zvipfeko zvinogona kumira uye zviratidzo zvinonunurwa.
Isu tinoreva izvi se anticholinergic effect.
Anticholinergic Side Effects
Mukuwedzera kumusanganiswa wemasumbu, mamwe marudzi eacetylcholine anotonga chiyeuchidzo, kudzidza, uye kunzwa.
Sezvo anticholinergic zvinodhaka hazvisi zvakananga kumhando dzekugamuchira iyo dzinodzivisa, dzinogona kukonzera huwandu hwemigumisiro inobata muviri nemafungiro.
Izvi zvinosanganisira:
- Dry mouth because of the inhibition of the salivary glands
- Hora nokuda kwekuderedza michina yekugadzira
- Kusara kwekutuka
- Kuwedzera kwekushisa mumuviri
- Kunzwisiswa kwechiedza kunokonzerwa nekuderera kwekudzidzira mwana
- Chiratidzo chisina kuonekwa kana kuonekwa kaviri
- Kuwedzera kwemaitiro emwoyo kunobhadhara kuchinja mune basa revascular
- Kusarwaridzana kwakashata kunokonzerwa nekuchinja kwemasimba
- Urinary incontinence kana akarara
- Bowel kuvuza
- Kusanganiswa
- Matambudziko ekuyeuka
- Incoherence
- Kusakwanisa kuisa pfungwa
- Chimiro chekuvhiringidzwa nyore nyore
- Hallucinations
- Dementia
Makomborero eAnticholinergic Effect
Mishonga yakawanda inopedza zvirongwa zvayo zvekurapa nekuda kwe anticholinergic effect. Nokuderedza kupfurikidza kwemafupa, semuenzaniso, munhu anogona kuwana zororo kubva kumararha. Saizvozvowo, kuvharidzirwa kwekufema kunobatanidza neAhma neCOPD kunogona kuvandudzwa apo cholinergic receptors yemapapu akavharwa.
Antispasmodics imwe boka remishonga umo inonzi anticholinergic inoonekwa inobatsira. Kunyange zvazvo migumisiro yemahara yakajairika, kushandiswa kwenguva pfupi kusanganisira pamwe nekuderedzwa kwepasi kunoreva kuti zviratidzo zvinogona kutarisirwa.
Antispasmodic mishonga ine anticholinergic effect inosanganisira:
- Bentyl (dicyclomine)
- Buscopan (hyoscine butylbromide )
- Levsin (hyoscyamine)
- Lomotil (atropine / diphenoxylate)
- Enablex (darifenacin)
- Pamine (methylscopalamine)
- Spiriva (tiotropium bromide)
- Symmetrel (amantadine)
- Vesicare (solifenacin)
Unintended Anticholinergic Effects
Kune rumwe rutivi, pane zvinodhaka izvo zvinenge zvisingatarisirwi anticholinergic effect.
Dzinosanganisira zvimwe zvinodhaka zvinopesana uye antipsychotics dzinowedzera kana kuderedza dopamine uye serotonin neurotransmitters kuti achinje mafungiro omunhu. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, zvinodhaka zvinogona kuvhiringidza acetylcholine uye kutungamirira kune anticholinergic madhara.
Dambudziko racho, hongu, ndeyekuti zvinodzvinyirira uye antipsychotics zvinowanzonyorwa pamusoro penguva refu, zvichiita kuti kutarisa kwezviratidzo kuve kwakaoma.
Antidepressants uye antipsychotics ane anticholinergic zvinosanganisira:
- Elavil (amitriptyline)
- Norpramin (deipramine)
- Tofranil (imipramine)
- Pamelor (nortriptyline)
- Paxil (paroxetine)
- Thorazine (chlorpromazine)
- Clozaril (clozapine)
- Zyprexa (olanzapine)
- Mellaril (thioridazine)
Pakati pezvinhu zviviri izvi zvakanyanyisa, pane dzimwe nguva apo chirwere chakanyanya kuderedzwa chinogona kushandiswa kurapa kurwadziwa kusingaperi uye IBS. Chimwe chiitiko chakafanana chinowanikwa nehuwandu hwema-antipsychotics uye chirwere chePalinson.
Nokuyera kuwedzera uye kunetseka kwe anticholinergic effect, vanachiremba vanogona kuwana mishonga yakakodzera uye kuwedzerwa kwavanofanira kurapa kurapwa pasina mutoro wemigumisiro.
Shoko Rinobva
Kana uri kutarisana nemigumisiro yemigumisiro kubva pamagumisiro an anticholinergic emushonga, taura nechiremba wako. Zvichienderana nehutano hwako, chiremba anogona kukwanisa kuderedza kuyerwa kana kuwana zvakakodzera kushandiswa.
Zvisinei, haufaniri kurega chero chirwere chero chipi zvacho usingatauri nachiremba wako. Kuita izvi kunogona kukonzera kukanganisa (zvikurukuru kune dzimwe zvirwere zvinotapukisa) kunze kwekunge kurapwa kuchikurumidza kupera.
> Kwakabva:
> Fox, C .; Smith, T .; Kunyadziswa, I. et al. "Migumisiro yemishonga ne anticholinergic zvinhu pamusana pekuziva, kushandiswa, kuita basa uye kufa: kurongeka kwekugadzirisa". Age uye Aging . 2014; 43 (5): 604-15. DOI: 10.1093 / aging / afu096.