Neurotypical Versus Normal
Izwi rokuti "neurotypical" rakatsva, asi riri kuramba richiwedzera mukurumbira muzvikoro, pamitambo ye autism uye zviitiko, uye mune mahofisi evarapi. Haina mhedziso yemutano kana yepfungwa. Haritauri unhu humwe, unhu kana hutano hwemagetsi. Tsanangudzo inogona kutaurwa kubva kune zvose zvakaipa uye maonero akanaka:
- Neurotypical people vanhu ivavo vasina kuongororwa kwe autism kana chero humwe unyanzvi kana hunobudirira hwakasiyana.
- A "neurotypical" munhu munhu anofunga, anoona, uye anozvibata munzira dzinofungidzirwa se "dzakanaka" nevanhu vakawanda.
Chii Chisiri Chinhu?
Icho, chokwadi, zvinokwanisika kusawana hunoonekwa hunobudirira kana hutano hwepfungwa, uye naizvozvo hunogadziriswa seyeurotypical. Asi pane kusiyana kukuru pakati pe "chimiro," uye "kwete kuonekwa." Mukuwedzera, hakuna husi hwakasimba, hunozivikanwa nehuwandu hwepanyika "yezvakanaka."
Ichokwadi, maonero "akajairika" uye maitiro anosiyana zvakasiyana zvichienderana netsika, zvepabonde, mamiriro ezvinhu, hutano hwehupfumi, nezvimwe zvinhu zvakawanda. Mune dzimwe tsika, somuenzaniso, kutarisa kwemaziso kwakatarisira kunotarisirwa; mune vamwe, zvinonzi hazvina maturo. Mune dzimwe tsika, kusangana kwepanyama nehama dzisingazivi kunofungidzirwa kwakanaka apo kune vamwe zvinonzi hazvishamisi uye zvisingabatsiri.
Mamwe maitiro akasiyana, asi kwete chikonzero chekukura kana kuti chirwere chepfungwa, inogona kunge isina kukanganisa. Semuenzaniso, LGBT vanhu vanogona kuzviwana kunze kwemazhinji emagariro asina hutano hwemagariro ekutarisana nawo. Izvozvowo ndezvemamwe mapoka emapoka ezvitendero.
Neurotypicals muKutevedzana kweEurodhiversity
Nzira yehutachiona yehutano yakagadzirwa nepakati pokuti pfungwa dzakasiyana-siyana dzakadai sevidism uye ADHD haisi matambudziko ekurasikirwa asi kusiyana kunofanira kuremekedzwa . Nhengo dzehutano hwehutsanana dzinowanzopikisa pfungwa yekurapa kwevhisi.
Pakazosvika gore ra2014, izwi rokuti "neurotypical" rakanga rave rakajairika kuti rive guru rehurukuro yePBS inosanganisira vanhu vanozviti autistic vanotsanangura maonero avo pachavo muhukama ne "sarudzo" yevanhu: Nenyika yose yeVilet ane makore 4, wechidiki Nicholas uye mudzimai wepakati-wemakore uye amai vaPaula, pamwe chete nehurukuro dzinokurudzira kune dzimwe vhizimisi, firimu inorondedzera matambudziko avanosangana nawo vari kurarama pakati pevanhu "vanowanzo" - avo vazhinji vavo vanodana "neurotypicals."
Mhedziso yehutano hwepfungwa inopesana. Vabereki vazhinji vevana autistic vanofunga kuti autism ndeyechokwadi, chirwere chinofanira kudziviswa uye kurapwa. Vashoma vese autistic vanozvimiririra vanogovera maonero akadaro. Kusvika pamwero mukuru, kusiyana kwemaonero kunobatanidza zvakananga nekusiyana kwehupenyu hwako. Apo autism inonyanya kukanganisa kana inokonzera kukura mumuviri kana mupfungwa, inowanzoonekwa sechirwere.
Nenzira imwecheteyo, apo autism inopa simba uye kuzvidada, inowanzoonekwa sechinhu chakanaka.
Neurotypicals Kubva Pfungwa Yezvokufungidzira
Kubva pakuona kwevhisi yevidism, maitiro eropa anowanzofungidzirwa kuva nehumwe hune humwe hwakanaka hunowirirana umo vanhu vane autism kazhinji vasina. Kunyanya, mapurojekitiki anofungidzirwa kuti:
- vane unyanzvi hwakasimba hwekugarisana nevamwe uye hukuru hwekukurukurirana , zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kwavari kuti vawane mitsva kana mamiriro ezvinhu akaoma;
- vanoona zviri nyore kuita shamwari uye kugadzirisa ukama hwepamuviri uye kunzwisisa "hutarisiro hwakavanzika" hwezviitiko zvinotarisirwa zvinoita kushamwaridzana kushanda kubasa uye munzvimbo dzomunharaunda;
- havana nharo dzenzwi , sezvikonzero zvekuti vanozviwana zviri nyore kutora chikamu mumatauriro makuru, akazara, anopisa, kana maziso anooneka.
Pamusoro peflip, mauroppikemusi dzimwe nguva anotariswa pasi nevanhu vari mu autist spectrum nekuda kwekuda kwavo kusinganzwisisi kutevera hutano uye hukama hwevanhu hunotarisa. Semuenzaniso, mauropikemikari anofungidzirwa kuva akawandisa kupfuura vanhu vane autism ku:
- tora hurukuro muhurukuro duku
- taura chichena (kana kwete-so-white) nhema
- enda pamwe chete kuti uwane pamwe chete kana zvinoreva kureva unzenza
- kuvhiringidza zvepabonde pasina kunyanya kukoshesa zvido zvepfungwa kwenguva refu
- kuvhiringidza vamwe kuitira kuti vawane hukama hwevanhu
- kuva kukwikwidzana kana godo
Kune vanhu vashomanana chaizvo vanofananidza neurotypical stereotype sezvinotsanangurwa pamusoro apa. Vanhu vakawanda vasina-autistic vasingakwanisi kuwana chero humwe hunobudirira hunoongororwa vanonyara, mune zvemagariro evanhu, uye vane nguva yakaoma yekugadza uye kuchengeta ushamwari uye hukama hwedanana. Mukuwedzera, hongu, pane zvakawanda zve "vanhu" vanozvidzivirira kuvhara, kudzvinyirira, kutaura zviduku, uye zvimwe zvinetso zvinetso zvevanhu.
> Sources
> Larsen, Adhamu (Mutungamiri). Neurotypical. PBS, Point of View. July, 2013.
> Merriam Webster Dictionary. Neurotypical. Merriam Webster. Webhu. 2017.